Transcript Ivo Pinkiewicz IENOT POLAND CENTRAL EUROPE MARKET …

Ivo Pinkiewicz, IENOT, POLAND
CENTRAL EUROPE MARKET SURVEY
PART 1 - POLAND
ENERGY
DEMAND OF ENERGY IN EU AND POLAND IN PERIOD 1994-2020
3000
EU
250
EU
2500
200
2000
150
1500
POLAND
100
POLAND
1000
50
500
0
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
DEMAND OF ENERGY IN EU [TWh]
DEMAND OF ENERGY IN POLAND
[TWh]
300
LOSSES IN ENERGY MARKET
PARTICIPATION OF ENERGY SALE AT DIFFERENT VOLTAGE
LEVELS AND LOSSES IN ENERGY MARKET in 1998
39%
3 % L o s s e s 1 1 0 k V lin e s
S a le 1 1 0 k V
2 % L o s s e s M V lin e s
Losses
S a le M V
26%
12%
1%
6%
S a le L V
23%
L o s s e s d is tr tr a n s f
L o s s e s L V lin e s
LOSSES
PARTICIPATION OF DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS LOSSES
IN TOTAL LOSSES ON VOLTAGE LEVELS (110...0,4) kV
22%
L V lin e s
1 1 0 k V lin e s
49%
17%
12%
M V lin e s
D is tr. T ra n s f.
ENERGY AND LOSSES RELATION

Yearly energy transmitted by Distribution
Transformers is approximately equal
35...40% of Yearly Energy Demand.

Energy losses in existing Distribution
Transformers is approximately equal
3,0% of yearly transmitted energy.
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS LOSSES
ASSUMING THE SAME PROFILE OF TRANSFORMER POPULATON
AND THE SAME LOAD PROFILE AS IN 1998
LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS [GWh]
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
RATED LOSSES
CATALOGUE LOSSES OF TRANSFORMERS RATED
100-630kVA MANUFACTURED IN POLAND
1200
NO LOAD LOSSES [W]
1000
800
HD
HD
428428
C-C’C-C’
600
C-C’ HD 428
400
AMORPHOUS
AMORPHOUS
AMORPHOUS
200
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
LOAD LOSSES [W]
5000
6000
7000
8000
AMORPHOUS TRANSFORMERS

7 units have been manufactured in Poland.



100 kVA/15,75 kV.................3 pcs.
250 kVA/15,75 kV.................2 pcs.
400 kVA/15,75 kV.................2 pcs.
Load losses according to list A of HD 428
 No load losses at level approximately
20% of list A’ (or 30% of list C’)

AMORPHOUS and OTHERS
TRANSFORMERS
COMPARISON EFFICIENCY AND SAVINGS OF ENERGY
Transformer rating [kVA]
Yearly peak load [%]
Running time [h]
Average load [%]
Yearly energy transmited [MWh]
Energy loss [kWh]
Efficiency [%]
Improvement of efficiency [%]
Savings of energy [kWh]
100
250
400
Av. Popul AMORPH Av. Popul AMORPH Av. Popul AMORPH
40
40
40
40
40
40
4250
4250
4250
4250
4250
4250
19,5
19,5
19,5
19,5
19,5
19,5
146
3594
97,5
146
1339
99,1
1,6
2255
364
7147
98,0
364
2481
99,3
1,3
4666
583
10206
98,2
1,2
6693
583
3513
99,4
Levels of load and no load losses acc. to HD428
Rated
kVA
50
100
160
250
400
630/6%
1000
1600
2500
Load losses W
List A
List B
List C
1100
1350
875
1750
2150
1475
2350
3100
2000
3250
4200
2750
4600
6000
3850
6750
8700
5600
10500
13000
9500
17000
20000
14000
26500
32000
22000
No load losses W
List A'
List B'
List C'
190
145
125
320
260
210
460
375
300
650
530
425
930
750
610
1200
940
800
1700
1400
1100
2600
2200
1700
3800
3200
2500
HD 428.
RELATED VALUE OF LOSSES ACCORDING TO HD428 LISTS
AND NEW PROPOSAL
1 ,4
RELATED VALUE OF LOSSES
1 ,2
1
0 ,8
LO A D
0 ,6
N O LO A D
0 ,4
0 ,2
AMO RP HO US
0
B - A'
A- B '
C -C '
D -D '
L E VE L S O F L O SSE S
E-E'
X-X'
HD 428
PROPOSITION OF EXPANDING HD428 LOSSES LIST
Rated
kVA
50
100
160
250
400
630/6%
1000
1600
2500
Load losses W
List D
List E
780
650
1240
1030
1670
1390
2310
1920
3270
2710
4790
3980
7450
6200
12100
10000
18800
15600
LIST X’ - AMORPHOUS
No load losses W
List D'
List E'
List X'
105
90
40
180
150
65
260
215
90
365
305
130
520
435
185
670
565
240
950
800
340
1460
1220
520
2130
1790
760