Transcript Slide 1
Uses of Telecommunications
& ICT
Weather Forecasting
Weather Forecasting
Consists of 3 main elements:
• measuring & recording data,
• modelling a forecast from the data,
• producing the forecast information
Measuring & Recording data
• accurate forecasting requires recent & current data:
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satellite images
temperatures
humidity
rainfall
wind speed & direction
cloud cover
atmospheric pressure
sunshine
• measurements taken at many locations around the world
– at regular intervals
– using satellites, ground, buoys at sea, balloons
Modelling a forecast
• data transferred around the world by high speed telecoms
– Global Telecommunications System (GTS)
– run by World Meteorological Organization www.wmo.int
• complex computer models used to predict future weather
• models run on powerful supercomputers
– because of vast amounts of data to be processed
• model uses current data and recent changes in
atmospheric conditions as input
• model forecasts the likely future changes in conditions
• short-term forecasts can be produced in 15 minutes
– this then used to produce forecast for next 15 mins ….
– http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/science/creating/
Producing a forecast
• forecast = prediction of future weather
• forecast usually selected from a website
– by entering a postcode/town or selecting an area from a map
• most forecasts will display:
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temperature
rainfall (or snow)
wind speed and direction
visibility
cloud cover
• variety of forecasts usually generated:
– hour-by-hour, single day, 5-day, 10-day
• long-term forecasts less accurate than short-term
Producing a forecast