Transcript Malawi - Salamander Trust

MenEngage Africa
Regional Policy Scan
Tim Shand
4 December 2012
Sonke-MenEngage Africa Regional Policy Scan
Analysis of whether policies, laws and plans contain language relating
to the proactive and progressive engagement of men and boys.
• The analysis focuses on five key areas:
•HIV and AIDS;
•Gender-Based Violence;
•Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights;
•Parenting; and
• LGBTI.
- Fifteen countries have been scanned.
- Reports have been produced for 5 initial countries:
Kenya, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Uganda and Zambia
Supported by UNDP, UNFPA, UN Women and Swedish Sida
CRITERIA USED FOR ANALYSIS OF WHETHER NSPs ATTEMPT TO
ENGAGE MEN AND BOYS IN ADDRESSING GENDERED DIMENSIONS
OF HIV AND AIDS
HIV and Gender
Men, Masculinities and Condoms
NSP attempts to challenge or transform
gender norms
Men’s use of VCT
Engaging men for prevention of GBV
Addresses the needs of marginalized
men & boys
Men’s support of PMTCT/Vertical
Transmission
Attempts to address barriers to men's
use of treatment
Male circumcision
Attempts to increase men's involvement
in the care economy
HIV
Burundi
Cote D’Ivoire
2006-2010
Ethiopia
2009 – 2011
Male
Marginalized
Benefit of
Plans made
circumcision Plans made
men’s needs
Plans made Plans made engaging
to target
Links
roll-out
to address
accounted
to challenge to engage with men to
men for VCT
between HIV
prioritised,
men’s
for (e.g.
or transform with men for support
and address
and Gender
including
attitudes
Prisoners,
Gender
prevention
PMTCT
health
addressed
gender
towards
MSM,
Norms
of GBV
processes
seeking
equality
Condoms
refugees and
recognised
behaviour
education
IDUs)
in translation
Kenya
2010 – 2013
Mozambique in translation
Namibia
2011 – 2016
Rwanda
2009 - 2012
Sierra Leone
2011-2015
South Africa
2012-2016
Tanzania
2008 – 2012
Uganda
2008 – 2012
Zambia
2011 – 2015
Zimbabwe
2011 - 2014
Key
Room for
Adequate improveme Inadequate
nt
Plans made
Plans made
to target
to encourage
men for
and enable
Treatment
men to
and address
become
health
involved in
seeking
Carework
behaviour
Malawi
HIV and AIDS
Links between HIV and gender addressed
Gender-Based Violence
Gender-based violence clearly
conceptualised
Plans made to challenge or transform gender
norms
Sufficient focus on preventative measures
Plans made to engage with men for
prevention of GBV
Benefit of engaging with men to support
PMTCT processes recognised
Level of engagement with men
Male circumcision roll-out prioritised,
including gender equality education
Men engaged as advocates for change
Plans made to address men’s attitudes
towards condoms
Plans made to target men for VCT and address
health seeking behaviour
Marginalised men’s needs accounted for (e.g.
prisoners, MSM, refugees and IDUs)
Men treated as capable of change through the
provision of rehabilitation programmes
Commitment to the transformation of gender
norms
Plans made to target men for treatment and
address health seeking behaviour
Plans made to encourage and enable men to
become involved in care work
Acknowledgement of the violence men
experience; and how this can cause violence
towards women and children as a result
Tanzania
HIV and AIDS
Links between HIV and gender addressed
Gender-Based Violence
Gender-based violence clearly conceptualised
Plans made to challenge or transform gender
norms
Plans made to engage with men for prevention
of GBV
Sufficient focus on preventative measures
Benefit of engaging with men to support
PMTCT processes recognised
Level of engagement with men
Male circumcision roll-out prioritised, including
gender equality education
Men engaged as advocates for change
Plans made to address men’s attitudes towards
condoms
Plans made to target men for VCT and address
health seeking behaviour
Marginalised men’s needs accounted for (e.g.
prisoners, MSM, refugees and IDUs)
Plans made to target men for treatment and
address health seeking behaviour
Plans made to encourage and enable men to
become involved in care work
Men treated as capable of change through the
provision of rehabilitation programme
Commitment to the transformation of gender
norms
Acknowledgement of the violence men
experience; and how this can cause violence
towards women and children as a result
South Africa
HIV and AIDS
Links between HIV and gender addressed
Plans made to challenge or transform gender
norms
Plans made to engage with men for
prevention of GBV
Gender-Based Violence
Gender-based violence clearly
conceptualised
Sufficient focus on preventative measures
Benefit of engaging with men to support
PMTCT processes recognised
Level of engagement with men
Male circumcision roll-out prioritised,
including gender equality education
Men engaged as advocates for change
Plans made to address men’s attitudes
towards condoms
Men treated as capable of change through
the provision of rehabilitation programmes
Plans made to target men for VCT and
address health seeking behaviour
Marginalised men’s needs accounted for
(e.g. prisoners, MSM, refugees and IDUs)
Plans made to target men for treatment and
address health seeking behaviour
Plans made to encourage and enable men to
become involved in care work
Commitment to the transformation of
gender norms
Acknowledgement of the violence men
experience; and how this can cause violence
towards women and children as a result
Zimbabwe
HIV and AIDS
Gender-Based Violence
Links between HIV and gender addressed
Gender-based violence clearly conceptualised
Plans made to challenge or transform gender norms
Plans made to engage with men for prevention of GBV
Benefit of engaging with men to support PMTCT
processes recognised
Male circumcision roll-out prioritised, including
gender equality education
Plans made to address men’s attitudes towards
condoms
Plans made to target men for VCT and address health
seeking behaviour
Marginalised men’s needs accounted for (e.g.
prisoners, MSM, refugees and IDUs)
Sufficient focus on preventative measures
Level of engagement with men
Men engaged as advocates for change
Men treated as capable of change through the
provision of rehabilitation programmes
Commitment to the transformation of gender
norms
Plans made to target men for treatment and address
health seeking behaviour
Plans made to encourage and enable men to become
involved in care work
Acknowledgement of the violence men
experience; and how this can cause violence
towards women and children as a result
Recommended language for NSPs on men, gender
inequalities, GBV and HIV
Overall
Gender norms to be addressed as root cause of HIV –
focus on gender norms transformation (young men)
Education
- Education on gender equality highlight benefits for men
- Comprehensive sexuality education for boys and girls
GBV
-Interventions to highlight role men can play in preventing
GBV, supporting GBV victims, and be advocates for change
- Address underlying gender-norms linked to violence
PMTCT/
Vertical
transmission
- Encourage men to support PMTCT as partners and
advocates (ensuring the do no harm and safety first
principles)
MMC
-Interventions to be part of a broader package and include
gender equality education
- Interventions to guard against inhibition
Recommended language for NSPs cont.
Condoms
-Research on men’s attitudes towards condom use
- changing men’s attitudes towards condom use
Testing
- Understand why men don’t test
- Use innovative methods to increase men’s HIV testing
Vulnerable
men
- condoms, lubrication , treatment and testing for prisoners
- interventions tailored to migrants, refugees and MSM
Treatment
-Encourage male health-seeking behaviour, as part of strategy
to improve their uptake of treatment
- Challenge gender norm that sickness = weakness
Care
economy
-Promote men in care work. Target for trained male care
givers
-Address gender-norms that caring is a female domain
NSP Best practice examples
• Overall behaviour change: Zimbabwe
– Involving men in HIV prevention.
– Religious/trad. leaders as advocates/role models
• Condoms: Jamaica
– Campaigns to promote condom use by men
• Testing: Zambia
– Commits to increasing number of men testing from 15%
to 50% by 2015
– Couple counselling and testing seen and key
NSP Best practice examples
• Vertical transmission/PMTCT: Uganda
– Service provision for men and women
– Communication highlighting men & women roles
• Home-based care: Zimbabwe
– National volunteer motivation and training
program (material & psysho-social needs)
– Addressing gender equity so more men become
involved as care givers