How to integrate work with men for promoting gender equality and preventing HIV and GBV?

Nkonzo J. Khanyile& Bafana Khumalo (Sonke 18 September 2013

Recap Day 1 Key messages….

    

Well designed interventions with men work: can improve HIV and GBV outcomes Guiding principles for this work Moving towards gender transformative approach Gender synchronised Gaps in HIV and GBV policies on engaging men

Discussion with neighbour…

What is the one thing you would like to know/learn more about/ raise in relation to strategies for engaging men and boys for gender equality in your country?

1. Service/clinic based

 Working on supply side:  Health providers skills and attitudes  Provision of SRH/clinical services for men:  Specific services for men /strengthened referrals  Working on demand side:  Promotion: information and mass media  Health Education: outreach, male community health workers

Example: Men as Partners project (Engenderhealth)

2. Media Campaigns (Sonke)

  National media and community mobilisation campaign targeting men 30+ on HIV risk factors: GBV, alcohol, multiple partners. BFL ambassadors in national television, radio and billboard ads (politicans, South African soccer, cricket and rugby teams, other celebrities) Partnership with JHHESA and others

One Man Can

3. Group education (Sonke)

   Supports men to take action to end VAW, prevent HIV and promote healthy and equitable relationships Action Kit: Workshop activities; fact sheets; posters; DVDs Community mobilisation and branch building

• • • •

One Man Can Reach

122 workshops across the country in 2009 25,000 workshop participants: 18,000 men & 7,000 women. 260,000 people through community mobilisation events, 90% men

Impact on self-reported behaviour: 25% accessed VCT, 50% reported GBV, 61% increased condom use, 80% spoke to friends/family

• • •

Brothers for Life Reach

2.27million men (average 6 times each) Men & PMTCT campaign reached 2.5m men (9 times each). Outdoor media (messages on partner reduction, PMTCT and GBV) reached 6.5M people per month.

About Fanelo Ya Mina

   Created in 2010 as a NPO in Mozambique Mission: Engage Men in the promotion of GE & support of advancement of women Why Engage Men:  Men have a personal investment in challenging the current gender order, patriarchal processes and tendencies that undermine not only women’s and girls status in society but also prevent men to enjoy the benefits of equality to the fullest;  Men can be allies in the improvement of their own health, and the health of women & children who are often place at risk by existing genders "constructions“;

Our Approach

 Gender Transformative Know How Involving critical self-reflection process on power dynamics within society & support for strategies that promote gender equality. This includes:  encouraging men to reflect on their personal values about gender and their impact on themselves as well as their female pairs especially related to HIV;  addressing men‘s individual attitudes and behaviors regarding their roles in HIV and GBV prevention;  encouraging men to adopt healthy sexual behaviors;  increasing men‘s uptake of HIV testing services.

Our Approach

 Levels of actions: Continuum Spectrum of Change/Ecological Model  Individual (Workshops  Community Outreach (Basket Tournaments, Murals)  Media Advocacy (Weekly Newsletter addressing several topics such as the intersections between gender, patriarchy, culture and socialization)

Basket Tournaments

• Workshops/Small group discussion with young men from the age group 17-35 years; • Curriculum adapted from EngenderHealth/Promundo Training Manuals (Engaging Men and Boys at Individual Level); • M&E: Process Evaluation, Outcome Evaluation and Impact Evaluation, GEM Scale

Type of Activity

Workshops/ Basketball matches

Gender Approach

Transformative

Level of Intervention Target Audiences

Individual Young Men aged 17-35 years

Lengthy/Freq uency of Activity

16 ongoing sessions; 1h per session; Weekly gatherings, during weekends

Thematic Areas

Gender & power; sexuality; men & health; substance use; healthy relationships; HIV ; violence;

PADARE/Men’s Forum on Gender : Change Agents "If beating a woman makes me a man then i refuse to be called a man"

Background of PADARE

 PADARE /Enkundleni/ Men’s forum on gender is a movement of men advocating for gender justice in Zimbabwe that operates in rural, semi Urban, farming communities and urban areas of the country. The organisation targets men and boys in all settings that is in workplaces, rural communities, farming communities, urban communities, schools, agricultural colleges and teacher training colleges. The organisation programmes are highly interactive and are community driven through Chapters which are community structures formed to mobilise men and boys and conduct outreach work on Gender, Masculinities, Positive fatherhood, positive manhood, Men’s health, advocacy for policy change, working with men on PMTCT programmes. A chapter then is a group of 50 or more men advocating for gender justice in a community using dynamic programming approaches that include communication and networking, workshops and training, institutional development, lobbying and advocacy within the framework of the social theory behaviour change models. Currently the organization has 85 Chapters in Zimbabwe and a membership of over 4250 men in the ten provinces of the country.

"

If beating a woman makes me a man then I refuse to be called a man"

What has worked

    Approaching

men as facilitators of change in their communities

as compared to oppressors that always violate women and girls through involving men and boys in community dialogues on gender and HIV issues has been a strategy that has been accepted by men and traditional leaders in different communities.

PADARE has provided practical intervention in community transformation by using contextualised messages in both print and electronic in mobilising traditional; leaders to fully participate in PMTCT interventions Working with community Male care facilitators has been an innovative way of challenging norms , culture and socialisation when it comes to caring for the sick.

Working with Positive speakers: these are people that have disclosed their HIV statues to families and communities and they get to share their experiences on a open forum to challenge issues of discloser and discrimination.

"If beating a woman makes me a man then i refuse to be called a man"

what has worked

 Working with community drama groups  Working with community soccer teams  Working with musicians  Working with traditional leaders and religious leaders

We have crossed so many rivers, streams and tributaries, However, oceans still lie ahead BUT we remain resolute on our slogan:

Men of Quality are Not Afraid of Equality, Real Men Do Not Abuse Women and Children!

MenCare clip, Rwanda

Reminder: Recommended language for NSPs on men, gender inequalities, GBV and HIV

Overall Education GBV PMTCT/ Vertical transmission MMC Gender norms to be addressed as root cause of HIV – focus on gender norms transformation (young men)

- Education on gender equality highlight benefits for men - Comprehensive sexuality education for boys and girls -Interventions to highlight role men can play in preventing GBV, supporting GBV victims, and be advocates for change - Address underlying gender-norms linked to violence - Encourage men to support PMTCT as partners and advocates (ensuring the do no harm and safety first principles) -Interventions to be part of a broader package and include gender equality education - Interventions to guard against inhibition

Recommended language for NSPs cont.

Condoms Testing Vulnerable men Treatment Care economy

-Research on men’s attitudes towards condom use - changing men’s attitudes towards condom use - Understand why men don’t test - Use innovative methods to increase men’s HIV testing - condoms, lubrication , treatment and testing for prisoners - interventions tailored to migrants, refugees and MSM -Encourage male health-seeking behaviour, as part of strategy to improve their uptake of treatment - Challenge gender norm that sickness = weakness -Promote men in care work. Target for trained male care givers -Address gender-norms that caring is a female domain

So, what makes effective campaigns to change norms?

 Use positive and affirmative messages.    Affirm that men and boys can change Show what they can do to change Show examples of men changing or acting in positive ways   Highlight benefits Repeated messaging over 6-9 months

What Works? What do we mean by Gender Transformative Interventions?

• • • • • • Combinations of community outreach, group education and mass media Relational approach – working with men and women Include critical reflection of gender norms and how these influence behavior – achieve tipping point Target most vulnerable Measure changes in attitudes toward gender norms + relevant behaviors.

Links to laws and policies

The Final Message: Acknowledge and Tap into Men’s Self-Interest in Change

Resources

www.menengage.org

www.engagingmen.net