Transcript 8.2. China’s Ambitions for Electric Cars

Energy and Sustainable Development
SS 2011
Margit Baier
Bianca Köck
Maria Spanring
 China’s ambitions
 China & Electric Cars
 China & Rare Resources
 Electric Cars – Today
 Future of Electric Cars
 Pros & Cons
 Extreme growth of population ,
economy and wealth
 rising need and demand for mobility
 need for more and more energy!
 Today: 70 % of energy from coal
 environmental problems!
 New energy-infrastructure
 Nuclear-stations
 Increase also renewable energy
 China’s government wants:
energy consumption per capita -20%
BUT:
per capita income from 1.000 $ to 3.000 $
 Reduction of CO2 –Emissions
 Reduce old coal-fired stations
 Development of electric vehicles
 China’s resources
 Best requirements to get the leader in the development
of electric cars
 Biggest resources of rare-earth
 Used for the electric motors
 Used for the battery in electric cars
 Government wants position of
market leadership
 Investments of about € 11,7 billion
 For each e-car sold: 6.700 € subsidy !!!
 Big research: BYD
250 km per charge
monthly savings of 788 €
charge takes only 20 minutes
 Advantages of China:
 Key skills concerning e-cars in Asia
 Raw materials for battery production in China available
 Cheap production possible
(salaries, production sites, …)
 Expert knowledge
 Critical Materials
 Metals which are used in manufacturing wind turbines,
electric vehicles, solar cells and energy-efficient lighting
 China produces 95% of the world supply
 China cut back the export rate dramatically
 China has an enormous demand
 Growth of the high-tech industry
 World wide: Car industry needs the rare - earth
 Extremely big market of electric cars
 Electric cars are the future!
 Market leader in electric cars and hybrid cars
 Enormous subventions from the government
 Many big researches:
 Electric cars as taxi
 Electric bus
 Testing the batteries for kilometers an load volume
• Wide range of different motor types
• Every big car producer: electric car projects
• discussion about Climate Change and Emissions
spotlight the electric car as a solution for rising needs
for mobility
• Especially fast growing economies and populations !!!
CHINA in the Focus
 global growth of personal wealth
and population
 rise in need for mobility
 environmentally friendly alternatives inevitable !!!
 very good alternative : E-CARS!!!
 in combination with new energy systems and smart
grids (V2G) big potentials!!!
 China’s government initiative promoting electric cars
 spread of e-mobility in China nearly guaranteed
Much higher efficiency compared to combustion
engines (up to 90 % )
Efficiency
just ~ 25 %
No emissions during operation
Possibility for renewable electricity production
Big potential to change energy system!!
Especially in combination with
“Vehicle to Grid”- Systems (V2G)
Higher Prices
Knowledge deficits of mechanics & garage density
Limited Range (only up to 240 km)
Additional weight through batteries
Long recharging time
Outsourcing of negative effects (!!!)
Not (yet) available infrastructure:
specific parking lots for each car needed!