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EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING AND LEARNING
STYLES: A TOOL FOR SELECTING STUDENTS
FOR GROUP WORK
Gözde DENİZ
TABLE OF CONTENT

Learning Theories
Behaviorism
 Cognitivism
 Constructivism


Experiential Learning

Learning Styles

My Study
LEARNING THEORIES
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attempt to define learning and describe how
people and animals learn
help us understand the complex processes of
learning
Three main categories:
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Behaviorism
Cognitivism
Constructivism
Learning
Theories
Behaviorism
Cognitivism
Constructivism
BEHAVIORISM
What is Behaviorism?
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An attempt to explain all learning in terms of conditioning
Imitation and practice
Feedback on success
Habit formation
Learning as a change in behaviour
Passive learners
In Language Learning
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Imitate the sounds and patterns
Receive positive reinforcement
Continue to imitate
Form habits
BEHAVIORISM & COGNITIVISM
INPUTS
INPUTS
OUTCOMES
Learning
OUTCOMES
So what’s happening inside the box?
COGNITIVISM
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A response to Behaviorism
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The study of mental processes
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The operation of the mind
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Behaviour as the result of mental processes
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Focus on how information is received, organized, stored and
retrieved by the mind
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Learners as information processors
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No importance to the role of social interaction
CONSTRUCTIVISM
 As
learners we construct our own
understanding of the world around us
 Based
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on experience as we live and grow
Selecting information from past and
current knowledge and experience
 Transforming
it into new personal
knowledge and understanding
CONSTRUCTIVISM
Education best put into practice by presenting:
tasks
problem
issuses
concepts
CONSTRUCTIVISM
 Constructivism
widely accepted all around
the world
 New
trend in education
 Curriculums
based on this approach
 The
best learning theory to explain learning
 Led
to emergence of learning models
WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ALL THESE
THEORIES?
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Understanding the process of learning helps you
with your teaching
Your learners are trying to figure out a complex
system. Be patient 
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Window of opportunity – Acquisition / EFL
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Strategies to make learning meaningful
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Vary your teaching techniques
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING BY DAVID
KOLB
One of the learning models emerged
within Constructivism
An alternative to traditional didactic
and behavioral classroom approaches
A holistic perspective that combines
experience, perception, cognition, and
behaviour
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
Learning is a process, not an outcome
All learning is relearning
Learning requires the resolution of conflicts
Learning is a holistic process of adaptation
to the world
Learning results from transactions between
the person and the environment
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
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An example of experiential learning:
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Going to the zoo and learning through observation and
interaction with the zoo environment
As opposed to reading about animals from a book
Making discoveries and experiments with knowledge
firsthand, instead of hearing or reading about others'
experiences
THE CYCLE OF LEARNING
Kolb & Fry
The learning cycle can begin at any one of the four points.
Concrete Experience
(experiencing/feeling)
-Risk taking, testing
-Getting things done
-Influence through
action
- The creation of new
experience
-Observing nonjudgmentally
-Viewing diverse
perspectives
-Looking for meaning
-Logically analyzing
-Systematic Planning
Acting on Intellectual understanding
Abstract Conceptualization
(thinking)
Reflective Observation
(reflecting/watching)
Active
Experimentation
(doing)
-Learning from specific experience
-Relating to people
-Being sensitive to feelings
Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory
 Internally deciding whether wish to do or watch (grasping experience) and at the same time
deciding whether to think or feel (transforming experience)
Concrete Experience - CE (feeling)
OR
Active Experimentation - AE (doing) OR
Abstract Conceptualization - AC (thinking)
Reflective Observation - RO (watching)
The preferred learning style
KOLB’S LEARNING STYLES
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Diverging learners:
 Have CE and RO as dominant learning abilities
 Combine watching with feeling
 Idea generators and risk-takers
 Like to gather information
 Prefer to work in groups
 Tend to be emotional
Assimilating learners:
 Have AC and RO as dominant learning abilities
 Combine thinking with watching
 Put information into logical form
 Interested in ideas and abstract concepts
 Prefer readings, lectures, information gathering
KOLB’S LEARNING STYLES
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Converging learners:
 Have AC and AE as dominant learning abilities
 Combine thinking with doing
 Find practical application of ideas
 Technical tasks and problems
 Problem-solving and decision-making
Accommodating learners:
 Have CE and AE as dominant learning abilities
 Combine feeling with doing
 Carry out plans and involve themselves in new experiences
 Learn from hands-on experience
 Work with others and test out different theories
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
 Is
it possible to use a LSQ as a means of
selecting students for group work in
writing lessons?
 Is
there any significant difference between
groups that are randomly selected and
groups that are selected according to their
learning styles?
METHODOLOGY
 Participants:
 Data
A2 level students
Collection Tool: Felder’s and Soloman’s
Learning Styles Questionnaire
 Procedure: Questionnaire
interview
and a semi-structured
THANKS…