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Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for MARINE ENGINEERS 4th Semester Essential reading: SPINČIĆ, A., PRITCHARD, B., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers 2., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2009. LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003. Lesson 8 VALVE OPERATING GEAR Lesson 8 Valve Operating Gear KEY WORDS valve operating gear times in the cycle push rod train of gears chain drive keyed on bolted together follower (n.) hinged follower sliding follower - ventilno polužje za pokretanje ventila - momenti kružnog procesa / ciklusa - spojna motka, podizač - niz zupčanika - lančani prijenos - učvršćen / osiguran klinom - spojen vijcima (danas se koriste SKF couplings - spojke na principu smicanja) - vodilica, podizač (usp. 'roller guide') - zglobni podizač brijega, "britvela" - klizni podizač Lesson 8 Valve Operating Gear KEY WORDS lever form folower tappet form follower side thrust fulcrum pin pivot (n.) bronze bushing set screw lifting rod idle gear [aidl] - podizač u obliku poluge - podizač u obliku cilindra - bočna sila / potisak - uporište poluge - os, hvatište, utorište - brončana rupa za osovinicu, bukola - pritezni vijak, podešavajući / regulacijski vijak za zračnost i sl. - podizna motka - međuzupčanik Lesson 8 Valve Operating Gear 1. DEFINITION A mechanism for actuating & controlling the inlet and exhaust valves. It may also open and close air starting valves and fuel pumps. 2. OPERATION OF VALVES Mechanical (valve operating gear) Exhaust valve operating gear 1. DEFINITION A mechanism for actuating & controlling the inlet and exhaust valves. It may also open and close starting air valves and fuel pumps. 2. OPERATION OF VALVES Mechanical (valve operating gear) Hydraulic. There are neither pushrods nor rocker arms but a piston pump. The oil pressure is led by means of a high pressure pipe to a working cylinder and hydraulic piston placed on top of the exhaust valve cage. Hydraulically operated exhaust valve (Sulzer) 3. CAMSHAFT 3.1 CONSTRUCTION Integral camshaft is made in a single piece of forged steel; Separate cams of forged steel or cast iron are: keyed on the shaft; hyraulicaly shrunk on or press fitted; fitted to the shaft by SKF oil injection pressure method. 3.2 CAM DESIGN 3.3 CAMSHAFT ROTATION 4-stroke = ½ speed of the crankshaft 2-stroke = same speed as the crankshaft 3.4 CAMSHAFT DRIVE Train of gears Chain drive 3.5 REVERSING The camshaft slides axially (in 4-stroke engines) thus bringing a different set of cams for reverse direction.