Transcript SNMA Overview - Latino Dayton

Latinos in Medicine
9 April 2010
AGENDA
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Health Care for the Latino Community
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Latinos in Medicine
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Inside Perspective into Medical School
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Ven y Explora La Medicina con Nosotros
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Current Health Needs of the Latinos in Dayton
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Resources available for Latinos
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Latino Health Connection project
The Evolution of Medicine
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In 2001 The Institute of Medicine reported that about 18, 314
Americans between the age of 25-64 die EACH year due to lack of
health insurance¹
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The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination III, (NHANES
III) evaluated relationship between insurance and mortality, conclusion
lack of insurance is associated with mortality
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Today, 10 November 2009, 45.5% of Mexican Americans do NOT
have insurance²
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The lack of health insurance among a growing number of Latinos has
been seen as a barrier to health-care access
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The health of Latinos is directly related to access to health care
providers and services
¹Franks et al. Health Insurance and Mortality, JAMA
²Andrew et al. Health Insurance, American Journal, Public Health
Health of Latinos
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Among Hispanics/Latinos, diabetes prevalence rates are 8.2 percent for
Cubans, 11.9 percent for Mexican Americans, and 12.6 percent for
Puerto Rican ¹
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Latino women lag behind White and African American women in
mammogram and pap testing
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Death rate for HIV was 32.7 per 100,000 for Puerto Ricans living on the
mainland U.S., higher than any other racial or ethnic group ²
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US Department of Health and Human Services initiative of 2007 aims
to improve the health and quality of life for Hispanic elders since they
are more vulnerable to illnesses such as the flu, cardiovascular disease
and smoking related diseases.
¹NIH, Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases 2007 ²CDC, OMHD Health Disparities Affecting Minorities
Latinos in Medicine
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Latinos are the fastest growing minority group in the US. Expected
to be 25% of the population by 2050
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According to AMA Minority Affairs Consortium, only 5% of
practicing physicians are Latino
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The probability of graduating from medical school is extremely
high, higher than any other professional school, within 4 years of
starting medical school 84%, within 5 years 91%, within 7 years
94% graduate, and by 10 years 96%
Why Do We Need More
Latino Physicians?
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The Sullivan Commission found more Latinos as physicians
improve health for Latinos and for the entire population and thus
“increased diversity will improve the overall health of the nation”.
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Increasing Latinos in medicine will decrease health disparities in
the US¹
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Increased diversity is linked “with improved access and quality of
health care for the growing numbers of racial and ethnic minority
patients, greater patient choice and satisfaction, and better
educational experiences and benefits for all medical school students.”¹
¹National Hispanic Medical Association and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health
What defines an Underrepresented
minority in medicine?
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The AAMC definition of underrepresented in medicine is:
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"Underrepresented in medicine means those racial and ethnic populations
that are underrepresented in the medical profession relative to their
numbers in the general population."
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Four historically underrepresented racial/ethnic groups:
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Mexican-Americans
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Mainland Puerto Ricans
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Blacks
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Native Americans (that is, American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native
Hawaiians)
Education Disparities:
From Primary to Postsecondary
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In 2007 the U.S. Department of Education reported Hispanics as being the
highest group for High School drop outs
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3x as likely than their counterparts of other races/ethnicities
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In 2007 21.4% of all drop outs where of Hispanic/Latino background
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First generation drop out 14.6%
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Second generation or higher drop out 15.9%
According to an Alliance for Excellent Education study:
“If Latino and African American students graduated from high school at the same
rate as their white peers, approximately 310,000 additional minority students would
graduate every year.”
Education Disparities:
From Primary to Postsecondary
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WHY ARE LATINOS LACKING IN THE HEALTH PROFESSION?
 Business and Social Sciences (Psychology, Sociology, Education) were the two most popular
undergraduate fields for Latinos
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Weak academic preparation as a whole deters Latino students from choosing higher-skill fields,
such as Mathematics and Sciences
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WHO’S APPLYING?
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2007-2008 applicant pool 42,315
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Underrepresented Applicant pool was comprised 15.2% of all applicants
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Latinos comprising 7.1%
 Whites comprising 57.1%
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Biology sciences take the lead representing more than 55% of all medical school applicants
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WHO’S GETTING IN?
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Given its highly competitive nature approximately 50% acceptance rate
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On average, matriculates were 60% White, 20% Asian, 7% Latino, 6% Black, 6% else
How is WSU Boonshoft
SOM making their selection?
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It’s not a number game
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It’s “The Whole-Person Approach”
The Rigors of Medical School
Admissions
From MCAT to Matriculation
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GPA average of 3.5 or higher to be considered competitive
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MCAT – 4 part test
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Physical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Verbal Reasoning, and Writing Sample
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Verbal Being Highly Scrutinized - what about ESL students?
AMCAS – M.D. schools, AACOMAS – D.O. schools
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Primary applications - You’re letting a school know you are interested in them.
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Lists: Personal Demographics, Courses, Grades, Extracurricular activities, Workrelated experiences, Letters of recommendation
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Notifications to complete Secondary applications - The school acknowledges your interest in them
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NOW YOU PLAY THE WAITING GAME…
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If you are on liked on “paper”  You Get Invited To Be Interviewed
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After, you’ll wait some more and either get accepted, wait listed, or rejected
If you get rejected it means having to start from scratch: MCAT and onwards…
Medical School:
A Longitudinal Process
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Undergraduate-4years
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Medical School-4 years
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2 years clinical rotations
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GRADUATION!!! Now you are an M.D.
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Residency usually 3-7 years (Training)
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Fellowships 1-3 years (Sub-Specialized Training)
Initiatives
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Ven y Explora La Medicina con Nosotros
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Reaching out to Latino WSU students
Latino Medical Student Association – in the making!
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Goal: To provide our knowledge and experience as Underrepresented Medical
students and to serve as educational pipelines for disadvantaged students as
early as possible.
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Exposure to students as early as primary school and beyond is essential and
of vital importance to instill the idea of medicine as an attainable as any
other career.
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“The presence of mentors and strong, positive role models, for instance, may
help ensure the success of racial and ethnic minority medical students,
physicians, and physician—scientists.” - Diversity in Medical Education: Facts & Figures 2008
Current Health Needs of
the Latinos in Dayton
Primary Concerns of Latino Families
Served at East End Community services
Health care
9%
6%
30%
14%
Legal help
Job & Family Services
Employment
19%
22%
Family violence
Public education
Latinos
Health Needs
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Results from research analysis indicate that the most salient
barriers for Latinos to access and receive services are:
(1) Provider barriers (i.e., discrimination issues).
(2) Barriers in the service system (i.e., lack of health insurance and
language barriers).
(3) Community-level barriers (i.e., lack of information in where to
seek services).
(4) Barriers in the social networks of people within the Latino
community (i.e., fears of deportation)
Alegria, et. al., 2002; Guarnaccia & Martinez, 2002; Rios, 2002).
Resources Available for
Spanish-speaking Population
SALUD Clinic
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Allen Health Partners; Federally Qualified Health Center
Mission
“… to reduce or eliminate disparities in health outcomes for the underserved
members of our community, by providing and facilitating quality primary
and preventive health care without financial barriers…”
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The clinic is for uninsured or underinsured residents of the area, and fees
are on a sliding scale based on income.
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Target population: Migrant workers, the uninsured, and the
underinsured.
Our Contact Information
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Lorena Rodriguez [email protected]
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Erendira Garcia-Lopez [email protected]
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Tony Ortiz [email protected]
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Patricia Cole-Walden [email protected]
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Telisha Ortiz [email protected]