Transcript COMPUTER CONCEPTS Vocabulary

COMPUTER CONCEPTS
Vocabulary
Chapter 3
Document. Worksheets, and Databases
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Document production software
Computer programs that assist the user
in composing, editing, designing, and
printing documents.
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Word wrap
A feature of document production
software that automatically moves the
cursor to the beginning of the next line
of text when it reaches the end of the
current line, allowing the user to type
continuously.
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Outline feature
A feature of document production
software that helps the user develop a
document as a hierarchy of headings
and subheadings.
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Text block
In an online document, sections of text
such as a group of words, sentences, or
paragraphs.
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In-line spelling checker
A spelling checker that checks for
misspellings as you type.
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Search and replace
A feature of document production
software that allows the user to
automatically locate all instances of a
particular word or phrase and substitute
another word or phrase for it.
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Search feature
A feature of document production
software that allows the user to
automatically locate all the instances of
a particular word or phrase.
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Spelling checker
A feature of document production
software that checks each word in a
document against an electronic
dictionary of correctly spelled words,
then presents a list of alternatives for
possible misspellings.
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Thesaurus
A feature of documentation software
that provides synonyms.
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Grammar checker
A feature of word processing software
that coaches the user on correct
sentence structure and word usage.
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Document template
A preformatted document into which the
user types text.
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Document wizards
Tools that take the user step-by-step
through the process of entering text in a
wide variety of documents.
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Font
A typeface or style of lettering, such as
Arial, Times New Roman, and Gothic.
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Justification
The alignment of text against the right,
left, or both margins.
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Clip art
Graphics designed to be inserted into
documents, Web pages, and
worksheets, usually available in CDROM or Web-based collections.
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Frame
An outline or boundary, frequently
defining a box. For document
production software, a predefined area
into which text or graphics may be
placed.
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Electronic publishing
The manipulation, storage, and
transmission of electronic documents by
means of electronic media or
telecommunications services.
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HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
A standardized format used to display
Web page documents.
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Concordance
An alphabetized list of words in a
document and the frequency with which
each word appears.
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Footer
Text that appears in the bottom margin
of each page of a document.
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Header
Text that appears in the top margin of
each page of a document, e.g., 'Page
5".
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Mail merge
A feature of document production
software that automates the process of
producing customized documents such
as letters and advertising flyers.
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Spreadsheet
A numerical model or representation of
a real situation, presented in the form of
a table.
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Cell
In spreadsheet terminology, the
intersection of a column and a row; in
cellular communications, a limited
geographical area surrounding a cellular
phone tower.
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Cell reference
The column letter and row number that
designates the location of a worksheet
cell. For example, the cell reference C5
refers to a cell in column C, row 5.
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Formula
In spreadsheet terminology, a
combination of numbers and symbols
that tells the computer how to use the
contents of cells in calculations.
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Number
A symbolic representation of a quantity,
such as a value used in a calculation.
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Text
In spreadsheet terminology, words used
for worksheet titles and for labels that
identify columns and rows.
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Worksheet
A computerized, or electronic,
spreadsheet.
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Function
In worksheets, a built-in formula for
making a calculation. In programming, a
section of code that manipulates data,
but is not included in the main
sequential execution path of a program.
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Auditing
In spreadsheet terminology, the process
of testing a worksheet to make sure that
it produces accurate results.
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Worksheet template
A worksheet form created by
professionals and provided for your use
by your spreadsheet software.
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Absolute reference
In a worksheet formula, cell references
(usually preceded by a $ symbol) that
cannot change as a result of a move or
copy operation.
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Relative reference
In a worksheet, cell references that can
change if cells change position as a
result of a move or copy operation.
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Workbook
A collection of individual worksheets
that are stored together as one file.
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Spreadsheet modeling
Setting up numbers in a worksheet
format, to simulate a real-world
situation.
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What-if analysis
The process of setting up a model in a
spreadsheet and experimenting to see
what happens when different values are
entered.
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Freeform database
A loosely structured collection of
information, usually stored as
documents rather than as records.
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Structured database
A collection of related information
organized into records and fields.
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Data access software
The interface used to search for
information in a database.
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Hypertext index
A screen-based menu that allows the
user to access information in specific
categories by clicking a hypertext link.
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Keyword search engine
A means of accessing data about a
particular subject, by searching for a
significant word or keyword relevant to
that subject.
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Query by example (OBE)
A type of database interface in which
the user fills in a field with an example
of the type of information that she is
seeking.
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Natural language
A language spoken by human beings,
as opposed to an artificially constructed
language such as machine language.
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Query language
A set of command words that the user
uses to direct the computer to create
data-bases, locate information, sort
records, and change the data in those
records.
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Export data
The process by which a program
transforms data into a format suitable
for another program and then transmits
it.
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Import data
The process by which a program reads
and translates data from another
source.
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Productivity paradox
The apparent lack of productivity
increases in the U.S. economy, despite
massive deployment of computers and
other information technology.
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Prepared by James Q. Jacobs
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