Transcript Presentation Title Style 1
EPRI Activities in Electric Transportation
November 11, 2009
Don Von Dollen Acher Mosse
Major Automaker Production Plans
Current Status EVs on the road today Market Launch Chevy Volt Market Launch Leaf EV Market Launch PHEV SUV Transit Connect EV Focus EV Production EV for U.S.
Production PHEV Expected Launch PHEV, EV Unconfirmed Plans For EV, PHEV 2009 2010
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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2011
2
2012 2013 2014
Plug-In Vehicles Enter Market in Late 2010 What is the Near-Term Achievable Market Penetration?
Market penetration grows as vehicle production numbers increase, new models are introduced, and economies of scale drive down prices
BEV PHEV Source: Southern California Edison
BEV PHEV
2009
500 150
2010
5,800 250
2011
31,850 25,000
2012
73,967 167,100
2013
97,500 196,700
2014
126,550 238,000
2015
181,800 316,000
Total
517,967 943,200 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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FOA-28 – Emphasis on PHEV and EV Demonstrations
Advanced Vehicle Electrification + Transportation Sector Electrification Electric Transportation Eng. Corp. (ETEC) $99.8
ETEC and its partner Nissan will demonstrate up to 5,000 Nissan electric vehicles with a 100 mile range and deploy up to 12,500 Level 2 and 250 Level 3 chargers.
Chrysler LLC South Coast AQMD (EPRI, Eaton, Altec, Ford, SCE, Utilities) General Motors Ford Motor Company
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$70.0 $45.4 $30.5 $30.0
Develop, validate, and deploy 220 advanced plug-in hybrid electric pickups and minivans. Develop a fully integrated, production plug-in hybrid system for Class 2 – 5 vehicles (8,501 – 19,500 lbs gross vehicle weight). Demonstrate a fleet of 378 trucks and shuttle buses. Develop, analyze, and demonstrate hundreds of Chevrolet Volt Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) --125 Volt PHEVs for electric utilities and 500 Volt PHEVs to consumers. Accelerate the launch and commercialization of PHEVs and EVs by partnering with 15 of America's leading utilities. Deploy up to 150 plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, including 130 Ford Escape PHEVs and 20 Ford E450 Van PHEVs. 4
A Few Comments on FOA-28 Awards
• Emphasis on demonstration over development • Mix of EV and PHEV technologies • Mix of passenger and commercial vehicles © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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PHEV Trouble Truck Program
(Prior to Recovery Act Award) Objective – Migrate PHEV to Medium Duty Vehicles
• $6 million program • Eight prototype vehicles entering utility test fleets • Grid-connected – 15 kWh Li Ion system – Level 1/2 recharge (120/240) – 5 kW export power – Develop ZEV driving capability, electric accessories • Other applications include shuttle vans, work truck, pickup © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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PHEV Medium Duty Demonstration
Program Details
• Expand existing PHEV Trouble Truck Program to 378 vehicles – 50+ fleets – Ford F550 Trouble Truck, pickups, shuttle vans • $45.4M award (SCAQMD), $90M total program – $5M CEC cost share – $30M+ utility cost share • Set up production facilities – Key suppliers are all U.S. companies – Fleet build and delivery by Q2 2011 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project
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Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project
Ministry of Mines and Energy CONSORTIUM
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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The ‘Charging Pyramid’ Every vehicle able to use every charge point
• Residential – majority of units
– Seamless installations for homeowners a primary concern of Auto OEMs – Permits, electricians, inspections – Rates and customer programs
• Workplace • Public Charging – as needed
– Retail, private, public space – Open access
• Interoperable and Intelligent
Workplace Public
Residential
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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EPRI PHEV Distribution System Impacts – Modeling/Simulation Analytical Framework
Regulator Capacitor
300kvar 900kvar 900kvar 900kvar
Substation 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Hour
14 16 18 20 22
Month 900kvar
Residential transformers are the first assets significantly impacted 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
KW
9000-10000 8000-9000 7000-8000 6000-7000 5000-6000 4000-5000 3000-4000 2000-3000 1000-2000 0-1000
900kvar
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Flexibility in Model Development
High-fidelity distribution feeder models Spatial and temporal variation of circuit loads and PHEV Loads Dynamic simulation of full electrical model serving PHEV loads through annual load cycle 13
Role of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on Smart Grid Standards
Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 Title XIII, Section 1305 Smart Grid Interoperability Framework
• In cooperation with the DoE, NEMA, IEEE, GWAC, and other stakeholders,
NIST
has “primary responsibility to
coordinate development of a framework
that includes protocols and model standards for information management
to achieve interoperability of smart grid devices and systems
…”
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© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Standard Gap Assessment - Priority Action Plans
#
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Priority Action Plan
Internet Protocol (IP) for the Smart Grid Wireless Communications for the Smart Grid
Common Pricing Model
Common Scheduling Mechanism Standard Meter Data Profiles Common Semantic Model for Meter Data Tables Electric Storage Interconnection Guidelines
CIM for Distribution Grid Management
Standard Demand Response Signals Standard Energy Usage Information Common Object Models for Electric Transportation
IEC 61850 Objects/DNP3 Mapping
Time Synchronization, IEC 61850 Objects/IEEE C37.118 Harmonization Transmission and Distribution Power Systems Model Mapping
Action Plan Covers Transmission , Distribution, and Consumer Domain
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PEVs in the Smart Grid Ecosystem
Control Center IEC 61850 T&D Automation Network EMS/SCADA Substation Substation Substation Fiber TCP/IP PLC Energy Services Company (ESCO) Aggregator
e.g., ComVerge
Fiber TCP/IP
Internet
PLC CoAx / Fiber TCP/IP HAN Gateway 802.15.4 (ZigBee), IEEE 1901 (HomePlug 1.0) Meter Data Management System TCP/IP CIM IEC 61970 IEC 61968 Head End Backhaul WiMax 802.16 D/E GPRS (LTE) Access Point Subdivision
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900MHz (RF)
Itron (Layer 1-2 802.15.4) SilverSpring IPV6 w/ DP
AMI Meter ANSI C12 802.15.4 (ZigBee) IEEE 1901 (HomePlug 1.0) E V S E Residential Customer Wireless Mesh Network X/HP IEEE 1901 SAE J2836 / J2847
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In the End – Standards Efforts are Critical Infrastructure Working Council – Stakeholder Organization for Collaboration on Standards Infrastructure Working Council - Utility-funded stakeholder group - Identify and address needs for codes and standards - Not a standards body SAE Society of Automotive Engineers - J1772 (Connector) - J2836 (Communications) IEC Intl Electrotechnical Comm - TC69 (Charge Infrastructure) - SC23 (Connectors) EPRI IWC IEEE Inst of Elec and Elect Engineers - 1547 (Interconnecting DR) NEC National Electric Code - NEC625 (EV Charging Systems)
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Others ANSI, UL, etc.