Transcript Slide 1

C: AVA Nigeria Flash Drying Experience
Sanni, L O., A. Marchant, A. Graffham, L. A. Abayomi, B. Siwoku, K. Adebayo, A.
Westby , Mfregene, O. Adewolu, G. Asumugha, E. Alenkhe, T. A. Diallo, C.
Iyangbe, A. Raji, R. Edosio,, E. I. Kwaya, N. Akobundu, A. O. Afowowe, I. C.
Ozumba, O. T. Odunjo, W. B. Asiru, A. Babatunde, E. Obinna, . C. H. Kadurumba,
R. Omolehin, A. C. Iheanacho, S. Bamire, I. Ojiakor, Ojobo, R. Edosio, M., Nkang
Partners:
Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
What is a Flash Dryer?
Flash dryer is a continuous drying plant used for drying
variety of wet cakes by disintegrating wet cake into fine
powder and dried by hot gas to form powder.
Drying is carried out in a short span of time usually 0.5 to
3 seconds.
Flash dryer is versatile. It could be to produce starch,
HQCF, complementary foods from cassava and other root
crops.
Notable organisations in Nigeria that has promoted usage
of FDs are FIIRO, IITA working with Octec, Peak & Nijilucas
improving on the performance of the FDs.
2008 Inefficient Costly Processing
• 156 flash-dryers (FD) in
127 SME’s
• 86% of FD’s poor – 11%
efficiency, Output
103kg/hr 374 litres
diesel/tonne
• 14% FD’s - 32%
efficiency, Output 96kg,
132 litres diesel per
tonne
• International standard:
Efficiency 50%, 200kg/hr
76-80 litres diesel per
tonne
Are all flash dryers the same?
Name of
flash dryer
Output kg
Diesel per
dry product ton dry
/hr
product
Efficiency
%
NX4-CY
202kg
87 litres
49%
NX2-CY
96kg
132 litres
32%
NSD2-CY
105kg
139 litres
30%
NX1-CY
119kg
166 litres
25%
China-FD
99kg
313 litres
13%
NP1-CY
103kg
374 litres
11%
Working with Flash Dryer Manufacturers
and SMEs
• Fabricators:
Niji
Lukas
Limited; NOBEX Limited;
Peak Precision Ltd ready to
retrofit.
• Assessed SMEs: Mic Makin,
Akure;
Peak
Products,
Abeokuta, Godilogo Farms,
Obudu, Cross Rivers, Eagle
Baba SME at Osogbo.
Significant improvements to flash drying
• Old dryers used 199 l diesel per t HQCF
• Newly designed Nobex 4 uses 86 l/t (49%
efficient). Cost reduction ca. $130/t- 50% fuel
cost reduction
• Changes (fans/heat exchangers) to
commercially-produced equipment
consequence of C:AVA assessments.
• Modifications to design: a result of C:AVA
intervention
CAPACITY STRENGTHENING OF LOCAL FABRICATORS:
NOBEX SUCCESS STORY
Assessed October 2009: the Nobex Double Cyclone Dryer had the best overall
performance of 10 dryers tested in Nigeria and Ghana
Assessed October 2009: the Nobex Double Cyclone Dryer had the best overall
performance of 10 dryers tested in Nigeria and Ghana
June 2010: Nobex Four Cyclone Flash Dryer was assessed and adjudged to be the
highest efficiency drier assessed to date
June 2012 2011: To deliver 4-cyclone to Malawian client courtesy C: AVA.
January 2012: Nobex obtained contract to deliver 4 Cyclone Flash Dryer to Lagos
State Government Cassava Development Project.
CTAP-NRCRI-IITA-NARs-C:AVA SME Audit
Average Cassava Roots Cost per HQCF per Zone
60,000
50,000
Cost
40,000
30,000
20,000
52,800
52,000
41,333
39,600
10,000
0
North Contral
South East
South West
South South
Geo-political zone
Average Cost of Fuel for Drying per Zone
16,000
14,000
Cost
12,000
10,000
8,000
12,586
6,000
4,000
7,050
8,200
North Contral
South East
14,024
2,000
CTAP 14 Engineers & 1 Socio – Economists
audited 157 SMEs, Feb –March, 2012
0
South West
Geo-Political Zones
South South
Assessment of the cost
element HQCF FDs
Cost Element Percentage in North Contral
Cost Element Percentages in South West
Cassava Roots
8%
Peeling
6%
Peeling
1%
1%
4%
HQCF Wet Cake
3%
HQCF Wet Cake
3%
8%
5%
Grating
6%
Dewatering bags
2%
Grating
1%
3%
10%
56%
Dewatering bags
50%
3%
16%
0%
2%0%2%
4%0%
0%
1%
1%1% 3%
Pressing (Dewatering)
Pulverization to fuel
flour
Packaging-bags
3%
1%
Cost Element Percentages in South East
(Black oil)
2%
HQCF Wet Cake
0%
Pulverization to
1%
Packaging-bags
50%
Grating
1%
5% 2% 3%
10%
Grating
Transport to
market
Dewatering bags
Fixed Cost
13%
3%1%2%2%
5% 0%
Pressing (DeWater
watering)
(fetching/productio
n)
Electricity
Contingencies (3%
of fixed + var. cost
1%
1%
1%
1%
5%0%
Cassava Roots
Fixed Cost
HQCF Wet Cake
Water
(fetching/production)
Contingencies (3%
of Peeling
fixed + var. cost
3%
Peeling
fuel flour
6% 5%
6%
Transport to market
Fuel for Roots
Drying
Cassava
Generator
3%
Pressing (Dewatering)
Electricity
Fuel for Drying
(Black oil)
Generator
0%
Electricity
Cost Element Percentages in South South
Cassava Roots
Dewatering bags
64%
Pressing (Dewatering)
Electricity
C: AVA Upgrade Strategies
To Upgrade 25 out of 157 FDs in Nigeria ($8,000 for an
SME) – 41% efficiency, Output 138kg/hr, 103 litres diesel
per tonne
Open days for SME’s to promote FD upgrade, present
financials (business plan based) & industry essentials (QA &
markets)
Training and monitoring of QA among SME’s
Strengthening market linkages / end user support
Key Messages
Product from the FD to be price competitive
Reduction of cost of fuel is achievable
Profitability of HQCF depends on cassava root and drying
costs
Quality Assurance is key
North-South Collaboration is very important in equipment
development
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING