Transcript Lobbying in Brussels
Lobbying in Brussels
Richard Tuffs Director ERRIN [email protected]
www.errin.eu
Tel 0032 2 503 25 30
Contents
Why lobby Who to lobby How to lobby Working in Brussels Discussion
Why lobby
Lobbying is all about influencing decision making either directly or indirectly Decision making Directives, regulations, norms, standards, recommendations, terminology, etc.
Directly or indirectly Open, upfront or behind the scenes Lukes three dimensions of power
Lukes
Democratic voting Electorate, parliament, committees, etc.
Majority wins Agenda setting Who sets the agenda, who decides what is to be voted?
Ideological Setting wider frameworks of thinking Sustainability vs technology Capitalism vs socialism Research vs innovation
Lukes
Voting
Activities Who Where How Timelines Measuring success
Agenda setting Ideological
EU ‘Lobbying’
In the European context, lobbying enables anyone that is working on EU affairs, to get involved with the EU Institutions, participate in the debate, contribute to the EU decision making, by influencing.
Networking: provide the individuals the opportunity to enhance this influencing potential and maximise the impacts, by bringing together individual resources, skills and interests.
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Why lobby
Proactive: to compete for the future, don’t just adapt to the future, make your future Wayne Gretsky “ don’t skate to where the puck is, skate to where it is going to be” Reactive: defend your position – someone else may be lobbying against you – doing nothing is not an option
Lobbying, the good, the bad and the ugly
Getting the right decision at the right time Protecting your interests
The ugly…
The ugly… 2
Why lobby in Brussels
Widening power of EU Estimates from 40% to 80% of EU legislation affects national level Single market 500,000 consumers 27 countries EU budget – ‘juste retour’ getting more out than you put in… EU institutions Commission Parliament More powers of co-decision under the Lisbon Treaty Council Permanent Representations Committee of the Regions Economic and Social Committee
The opportunities: Why Brussels as a Hub ?
The EU budget 2007 13 EU Policy development: 80% of all national legislation directly or indirectly influenced by decisions made at the European level 12
Funds from Europe
Lobbies in Brussels
800 Press Corps (second after Washington) 1500 professional associations CEFIC – 150 people 300 companies 200 regions 150? EU networks Regional networks AER, CEMR, CPMR, CEBR, REGLEG, AlpesRegio, ISLENET, EURADA, ERRIN, Eurocities… 100 management consultancies/law firms APCO, Burson-Marsteller, GPlus, Hill & Knowlton, Weber Shandwick…
Cohesion Policy
44% of EU budget Objective 1 and Objective 2 regions Objective 2 regions get more funding Funding implications Overall EU budget Percentage allocated to cohesion Sub-divide in categories of regions Spending categories – what spent on Shift from cohesion to competitiveness Bridges to brains Matched funding – how much from regions
Research Framework Programme
80+?
60
€ Billion
50
53,3
40 30 20
17,5 13,12 14,96
10
3,27 5,36 6,6
0 1984-1987 1987-1991 1990-1994 1994-1998 1998-2002 2002-2006 2007-2013 2014-2020 16
Future Cohesion Policy
The European Research and Innovation system
•Alzheimer •Agriculture, Food
Security & Climate change
•Health and Diet •Cultural Heritage
ERANET+ ERANET
Ageing (More Years Better Lives) Climate Knowledge (Clik-EU) Seas and Oceans Urban Europe
JTI Artemis Eniac Clean Sky IMI FCH
Art. 169 AAL Bonus EMRP
Eureka!
EUROSTARS
ICT-FET (Flag Ships)
ERC
INFRASTRUCTURES PEOPLE SMEs and SME Associations JTI PPP Programmes Instruments New thematic initiatives
Wind Energy 6B€ Solar Energy 16B€ Bioenergy 9 B€ Electricity Grid 2 B€ Sustainable Nuclear Energy 7 B Smart Cities
eHealth eIdentity ICT for TT Energy efficiency PPP Energy Efficient Buildings Future of Factories Green cars eHealth Future Internet TT, mobility & logistics Content Large Scale Demos & trials Deployment Fundamenta l Applied Developme nt Innovatio n
Horizon 2020 consultation 2011
1303 responses via response to questionnaire 775 position papers http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon 2020/index_en.cfm?pg=home
Consultation on Horizon 2020
Lobbying – does it work?
“It is virtually impossible for any single interest or national association to secure exclusive access to the relevant officials or politicians, let alone to exert exclusive influence” “ Lobbying is like advertising, 50% of it works, the problem is which 50%?”
Lobbying how?
The Brussels Maze
– This way to influence!
Understanding Information Intelligence Briefings Strategy Tactics Networking Multi-player platforms Return on investment
Lobbying: some key P’s
Patience Process Professional People Power Expertise Partners Planning Position Policy
Process – the policy cycle
Council and European Parliament MS LRAs
Implementation Decision Preparation • Get on agenda • Stop • Influence scope • Influence start date
Commission
• Green Paper Proposal 2?
Consultation Proposal 1
Commission CoR, ESC, Think Tanks, sectoral associations and networks experts, regions
The lobbying structure: the EU institutional triangle European Commission European Parliament European Council 25
The European Commission Driving Force –draft proposals for EU Law 25,000 staff but one third secretarial/translation Executive Body: implements policies and allocates funds Guardian of the Treaties: ensure that EU legislation is correctly implemented in MS The first port of call to either lobby an issue on its agenda or bring a ‘new issue’ 26
The European Parliament
Elected by the Citizens: the Voice of the People Joint Decision Making Body Approves with the Council the annual EU budget Committee Structure Members sit in Political Groups 27
The Council of the EU : the interest of MS Ministers from each MS with capacity to commit their governments Joint Decision Making Body Political institution of the Union-the Council decides All MS have a Permanent Representation in Brussels Each country retains Presidency of Council for 6 months 28
Know your EU policy
EU 2020
Key strategy 3 priorities smart, sustainable inclusive 5 targets 7 flagships
Europe 2020: 7 flagships
Smart growth Sustainable growth Inclusive growth
Innovation Union Resource efficient Europe New skills for new jobs Mobility – Youth on the move Industrial policy for the globalisation era Digital Agenda European platform against poverty
European Policy
Innovation key driver of EU policy Europe 2020 Innovatio n Union Horizon 2020 and Smart specialisatio n
Innovation Union
Ten key points 1.
Member States must invest more in education, R&D, innovation and ICTs 2.
3.
4.
5.
Better value for money by tackling fragmentation and linked national R&D research and innovation systems Modernise all levels of education Better mobility for researchers and innovators and completion of the European Research Area Simplify EU funding programmes (FP7/FP8) and more European Investment Bank Funding and strengthened European Research Council. Structural funds should be fully exploited to develop research and innovation capacities based on smart specialisation strategies
Innovation Union
6.
7.
8.
9.
Ten key points (part 2) 10.
Get more innovation out of research with better cooperation between the worlds of business and science Reduce barriers for entrepreneurs to bring ideas to market e.g. better access to finance, affordable IPR, smarter regulation, faster standardisation and strategic use of procurement European Innovation Partnerships should be launched to accelerate research, development and market deployment. First EIP is on healthy ageing (future ones on smart cities, water-efficient Europe, smart mobility, agricultural productivity and sustainability) Exploit EU strengths in design and creativity and champion social and public sector innovation Work better with international partners – opening access to EU programmes by getting access to outside programmes too.
Innovation Union: actions
34 actions backed up by the European Council. The European Parliament is invited to give priority to Innovation Union proposals with an annual major policy debate. Member States (and their regions) should ensure appropriate governance structures and review Structural Funds to reflect Europe 2020 priorities. Annual Innovation Convention to discuss the state of the Innovation Union Innovation Convention took place December 5th/6th 2011 – 1200 participants…
Policy drivers
Smart Sustainable Competitiveness Environment Innovation SMEs Single market Eco…5Rs Climate change Inclusive Skills Education
Planning: the importance of early warning
political policy Draft legislation
Time
Decision of the Commission Council and EP readings 36
Start early
politics
Go strong and aim high Use door openers Negotiation… If… then… Go low and go early Use ideas
policy
Understand timing
Commission Annual Work Programme Published November before the year Presidency priorities We want a decision on this before… Community patent Budget negotiations Flagship roadmaps Actions and dates Contacts with Commission staff
Proposal / Consultation
For big policy ideas, Commission will do a consultation Questionnaire Position papers Common Strategic Framework X responses Concrete is still wet at this stage Still time to influence Develop position Involve other relevant stakeholders
Position: do we know what we know?
We know What we know
Answered questions
We know that we know
What we don’t know
Unanswered questions
We know that we don’t know
We don’t know
Unquestioned answers
We don’t know that we know
Unquestioned questions
We don’t know that we don’t know
Position: what do we want?
Must
Minimum that we can accept
Example
It could be worse!
Like
We would not say no
Example
Put back timing Narrow scope
Intend
Success!
Example
Stop a proposal Get direct wording in text
Power
Low influence Low interest
Monitoring
High interest
Seek partners and lobbyists
High influence
Support partners but low intensity Follow debate Lead debate and actions
Position
Influence ideas Seminars Expert round tables Academic papers Think tank papers (EPC, Brueghel…) Position papers Case study
Position: bring solutions
Situation As you know*…EU/European consumers want(s) higher welfare standards for chickens New battery cages for chickens Problem Not all MS farmers have complied yet Unfair competition Solution Ban export of eggs from non-compliant farmers Evaluation of solution Encourages speedy adoption of EU legislation *
Eurobarometer – useful for surveys
“Friends” MEPs Other Regions Other Representations Commission DG Other Networks/ Contacts Other DG Other DG Council Perm Reps CoR & ECOSOC The Right Message In The Right Format To The Right People At The Right Time ?
?
?
Develop alliances
Look for other networks who support your position 80:20 rule Exchange position papers Joint meetings Cross-border alliances always stronger Look for the EU added value Ask not what the EU can do for you but what you can do the for the EU
Patience and professionalism
EU policy is slow Big policy changes take 5 years The junior officer/intern/MEPs assistant you started talking to in 2011 may be well placed to decide in 2016 or 2021… Being professional is key, your reputation is your calling card
Professional
Know the dossier inside out Develop a strong narrative Good presentation skills in English and all other languages an advantage especially French, German and Spanish Look professional Business cards on hand Dress – more smart than casual Personality – you are the message…
Expertise
Aware of processes Aware of planning (timetable) Actively involved in the policy Aware of the people and how to contact Networking Intelligence Able to articulate a position Convince , Clear, Concise, Continual but adapting to… Context
Bibliography “Networking in Brussels , A practical guide to navigating EU networks”, Pascal Goergen, 2009 “The new practical guide to the EU labyrinth”,Daniel Gueguen, edition 2009 “iLobby.eu, Survival Guide to EU Lobbying”, Caroline De Cock, 2010 “ European Lobbying’ Daniel Gueguen, 2008 “Machiavelli in Brussels, The Art of Lobbying the EU”, Rinus van Schendelen, 2003 (recently updated) “Bursting the Brussels Bubble” www.alter.eu
“Lobbying in the European Union – current rules and practices” European Parliament Working Paper AFCO 104EN 04/2003 “Brussels the EU quarter” Lobby Planet, 2005 “Lobbying in Brussels” Friends of the Earth Europe 50
Richard Tuffs
Director
3 rue du Luxembourg B-1000 Brussels Tel +32 2 503 3554 [email protected]
The views expressed in this presentation do not reflect an official ERRIN position