Transcript Document

Mobile Internet Via
Satellite
Presented by
Eng. Amr Ahmed Abbas
Eng. Marwa Mohye_El-din
Supervised by
Dr. Sherif Guinena
7/17/2015
Technical affairs & technology
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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN & BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite licenses in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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Introduction
Background



Inmarsat was established in 1979 as a multi-national
organization under the auspices of the United Nations,
to serve the maritime industry.
Inmarsat LC is an independent private company that
operates a global satellite system used by independent
service providers.
It offers voice and multimedia communications for
customers on the move or in remote locations.
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Introduction




Inmarsat is currently developing its next generation
mobile
satellite
communication
system,
termed
Broadband Global Area Network (BGAN). BGAN
technical characteristics of the system will be compliant
with the GMPCS MoU.
BGAN is intended to be part of the satellites component
of the third generation (3G) IMT-2000/UMTS.
Inmarsat will retain management and operational
control of the space segment and will own and operate
the ground stations.
BGAN provides high-speed packet and circuit-switched
services to land mobile users. Inmarsat is implementing
the system in two phases, starting in late 2002 by the
first phase, Regional BGAN.
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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN and BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite license in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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System Description

I.
II.
III.
IV.
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This system is an integrated
communications
system
that
consists of four segments:
Space Segment.
Ground Segment.
Business Segment.
User Segment.
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System Description (cont.)
User Link
L Band
Feeder Link
C Band
GPRS
Network
Return
Forward
SGSN
HLR
SAS
GGSN
Application
Server
Other
PLMN
ISP
IP
Network
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SP
POP
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System Description (cont.)
I. Space Segment


In R-BGAN, The Space Segment
consists of the satellite recourses leased
by Inmarsat from the Geostationary
(GEO) spacecraft of the Thuraya
regional system.
In BGAN, the Space Segment consists
of satellites owned by Inmarsat(2
satellites +1 ground spare).
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System Description (cont.)
II. Ground Segment




The Ground Segment allows the transport of information
between satellite users and the terrestrial networks providing
these services.
The ground network architecture is an extension of the
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) cellular data
communications system.
B-GAN Ground Segment comprises ground segment
gateways that provide connectivity to and from the external
networks, notably PSTN, ISDN, and IP PDNs and business
support infrastructure.
The ground segment consists of a single Satellite Access
Station (SAS) in the R-BGAN system and 4 SASs in the BGAN
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System Description (cont.)
II. Ground Segment (cont.)
The SAS consists of three main subsystems:

1.
The Packet Base Station Subsystem (PBSS):
•
The PBSS is responsible for providing and managing the transmission
paths (radio interfaces) between the user terminals (UTs) and the SAS
network equipments.
2.
The Data Communications Network (DCN):
•
The DCN provides the IP connectivity to the Regional B-GAN site, in both
the Ground and Business segments.
•
The DCN includes the equipment that supports the access links between
the SAS and POPs.
•
The DCN includes security (firewalls) to protect the Regional B-GAN
network from the external networks to which it is connected.
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System Description
II.
Ground Segment
(cont.)
(cont.)
3. The Network Switching Subsystem (NSS):
• The GPRS cellular data communication system
performs the NSS functions.
• The packet data traffic runs on the following
backbone IP network:



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Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN).
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN).
Home Location Register (HLR).
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System Description
(cont.)
III. Business Segment

The Business Segment consists of the Business Support
System (BSS).

It provides the management functions required to support
products and services: billing, customer care, revenue
collection, fault management, system provisioning,
customer management, and interconnect billing system.

The BSS supports three external interfaces:
1.
2.
3.
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BSS – Service Provider.
SAS – Billing Operations center: interacts directly with the
Billing Gateway (BGw) and the Service Order Gateway
(SOGw).
BSS – Operation and support system.
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System Description
(cont.)
IV. User Segment

The User Segment carries the function to interface
satellite and terrestrial users to the Regional B-GAN
system. The User Segment consists of :
1.
User Terminal or Mobile Satellite Unit (MSU)
The MSU enables the user to link the satellite modem with its
PC via different wire line and wireless interfaces, such as
Universal Serial Bus (USB), Ethernet, and Bluetooth.
2.
Service Provider Point of Presence (SP POP) :
The SP POP provides access to the terrestrial packet data
(GPRS) network or to Internet Service Provider (ISP)
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R-BGAN Coverage
The R-BGAN services will cover
almost all of Europe, Northern
and parts of Central Africa,
Central Asia, the Middle East,
and the Indian sub-continent.

The Thuraya satellites provide
coverage by overlapping spot
beams.

The footprint consists of 296
spot beams.

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BGAN Coverage
•
BGAN coverage will extends to cover almost 80% of the earth's landmass.
•
The Inmarsat satellite coverage area will be serviced by three types of spot beams:
–
–
–
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200 narrow spot beams .
19 wide spot beams.
1 Global beam.
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Frequency Spectrum



The frequency band of the R-BGAN is divided into sub-bands.
Each sub-band is divided into a number of frequency
channels, and each channel is divided into timeslots according
to a periodic framing pattern.
The number of sub-bands and the frequency of each subband depend on a number of factors such as:
1.
2.
3.

Traffic demands in the particular spot beam.
Frequency reuse considerations.
The effective spectrum available as a result of coordination with
other systems, and the terms of leasing agreement between
Thuraya and Inmarsat.
Frequency Reusing is used at different apart spot beams to
use lesser total bandwidth with minimum interference. The
BGAN system will achieve 20 times frequency reuse at the LBand.
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Data Rate

Effective data rate
•
In RBGAN, each subband, carrying up to 144 Kbps
uplink and downlink, is shared amongst a number of
end users.
•
1.
2.
3.
The
The
The
The
actual or effective data rate depends on:
number of users located in the same spot beam.
type of application used.
number of carriers allocated to each spot beam.
• A predefined sub-band allocation is based on:
1. Traffic forecasts.
2. Sophisticated radio resource management system
allocating capacity on demand.
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Modulation & Coding
• RBGAN terminal characteristics:
Modulation
Pi/4-CQPSK
Coding
Convolutional Coding r = ½, 5/8, 3/4
• BGAN terminal characteristics:
BGAN Product
Types
Modulation (Forward/ Return)
Coding
Briefcase
16QAM/16QAM
TURBO
Notebook
16QAM/16QAM
TURBO
Pocket
16QAM/QPSK
TURBO
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Migration Strategy

With respect to the initial phase, the deployment of
BGAN will include:
• New Space Segment
• Expand ground network
• Evolved User Segment with a multiplicity of terminal types in
addition to those available in the first phase.

To migrate from the Regional B-GAN to the B-GAN
systems the following plan will be followed:
Replacement of the satellite recourses leased by Inmarsat from
Thuraya Space Segment with Inmarsat 4 satellites.
Transitioning of the satellite subscribers from R-BGAN to BGAN
The Regional B-GAN SAS implemented in Fucino, Italy, might be
configured to form a part of the B-GAN system.
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Service access
1. GPRS attach.
2. Location update.
1.
MSU
Power-On
3. Sub data insertion
by the VLR.
4. IP session (also referred to
as PDP text activation).
5. Application start.
2.a.
MSU
Registration
Request
4.
PDP Context
Activation
ISP
2.b.
MSU’s
Location?
HLR
GPRS Network
GGSN
5.
Application
Start
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2.c.
MSU’s
VLR
SGSN
3.
MSU’s
Info.
IP
Network
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SAS
VLR
2.d
MSU
Location
Update?
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System Interfaces

In the R-BGAN communications architecture,
two main types of interfaces are defined:
• Communications interfaces: which support the range of
network and user information capabilities. The
communication interface that interconnect the four
functional segments of the system are the following :




The SAS-to-satellite interface
MSU-to-satellite interface (AI)
The PoP-to-terrestrial network interface
The SAS-to-business support system (BSS) interface
• Management interfaces: which support the provisioning,
operation and management of the regional BGAN
system.
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Numbering Resources


The SIM cards will have an IIN identifier,
based on ITU-T recommendation E.118,
from the DTI/RA organization.
The SIM will also carry, via the UK
administration, an international mobile
subscriber
identification
(IMSI)
in
accordance with ITU-T recommendation
E.212.
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Emergency Calls Handling


R-BGAN will be characterized by the provision of data-only
services, no issues about emergency calls handling are
expected to arise.
BGAN system will provide a much wider range of services
including voice. This gives rise to a requirement for
emergency call handling. This can be achieved as follows:
 The satellite service providers will be given a single international
format telephone number to which emergency calls may be
directed from the BGAN land mobile terminals.
 The emergency calls will be forwarded to an emergency callhandling centre, where calls are processed through a human
interface.
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Fraud Management


There are three main methods used in the BGAN system to
handle frauding:
For countries where the commercial provision of a BGAN service has not
been duly authorized:
 BGAN access attempts from these countries are denied in the system’s network
layer.

For unauthorized service providers:
 Inmarsat terminates the provision of unlicensed service by deactivation of the
SIM card to users on basis of the subscriber's identity information provided by
the country's National Authority Agent and/or the Law Enforcement Agency.

For persons that access the system without being customers to the BGAN:
 BSS Fraud management subsystem dealt with this by using authentication
methods and public key encryption.
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MSUs Conformity Standards


All user terminals types should be type approved that
leads to have the permission to carry the CE marking
on the terminals.
In order to obtain CE approval, the MSUs will comply
with following 3 types of essential requirements:
1.
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), ETSI EN 301
681 v1.2.1 & ITU-R M.1480.
2.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), ETSI EN 301
489-1 &301 489-20, EMC & Radio Spectrum
Matters(ERM).
3.
Safety, CENELEC EN 60950 & IEEE c95.1-1991.
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Interconnection &
Interoperability




The private Inmarsat GPRS network, located in Fucino, can
support inbound roaming.
The system allows the utilisation by the user of other GSM
and GPRS operators’ SIM cards with the Regional BGAN
terminal.
The implementation of inbound roaming is subject to prior
conclusion of the required commercial roaming agreements
between Inmarsat and other GSM/GPRS operators.
In BGAN, when data-only service inter-working will be
supported as well as PSTN access for telephony and for
data, ISDN access for telephony and for data (including
corporate network access), PDN, other PLMNs (i.e., GPRS
networks), in line with third generation (3G) IMT2000/UMTS developments
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Legal interception of
Communications in
BGAN



Interception of communications is generally
defined as the simultaneous gathering of data
and information as they are created during a
communication.
Data will be collected at the Network
operation center (NOC) that is located in UK.
Remote Provisioning Unit (RPU) will be located
in each country (if required), to manage
interception locally.
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Billing

Users will be charged for packet
data services based upon the
amount of information sent and
received rather than the time for
which they are connected.
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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN & BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite license in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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R-BGAN Vs BGAN (cont.)
Characteristic
R-BGAN
BGAN
Orbit
GEO
GEO
Orbit location
44East
65(IOR), 54West(AOR-West)
Satellite Launch date
Late-2000
Planned end 2003
Service launch date
Q4 – 2002 / Q1 - 2003
2005
Type of coverage
Spot beam
Global, wide & narrow spot
beam
Total bandwidth per
channel
Data Rate
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Up to 156.25 KHz.
 Able to support
multiple UTs and
multiple call sessions
on the same channel

Up to 144 Kbps
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Up to 190 KHz .
Able to support multiple UTs
and multiple call sessions on
the same channel

Up to 432 Kbps
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R-BGAN Vs BGAN (cont.)
Characteristic
R-BGAN
BGAN
Mobile Link
Frequency Band
L band
L band
L-Band
Polarization
Left - Handed Circular
Polarization (LHCP)
Right - Handed Circular
Polarization (RHCP)
Forward Link
Feeder link: 6475 – 6725
MHz.
User link: 1525 – 1559
MHz.
Feeder link: 6424 – 6575 MHz.
User link: 1525 – 1559 MHz
Return Link
Feeder link: 3400 – 3625
MHz.
User link:1626.5– 1660.5
MHz.
Feeder link: 3550 – 3700 MHz.
User link: 1626.5 – 1660.5
MHz.
Cross links
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
C – C band: Cross Link
for timing and
synchronization
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C – C band: Cross Link
for timing and synchronization.
UT – UT: Transponder CrossLink.

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R-BGAN Vs BGAN (cont.)
Characteristic
R-BGAN
BGAN
Number of satellite
access nodes
1 ( in Fucino – Italy)
4 Nodes (locations to
decided)
Number of
connections to other
networks (SPs POPs)
20, initially at regional
gateway
Initially up to 30 from
each of the 4 logical SAS
Services
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E-mail and messaging
Data file transfer
Internet access
Intranet access

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E-mail and messaging
Data file transfer
Internet access
Intranet access
Remote LAN access
Remote database
access
Video conferencing
Telephony

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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN & BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite license in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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R- BGAN Products
• Costs about $1100.
• Receives and Transmits at
144 kbps.
• End-user airtime charge
around $10/MByte.
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BGAN Products

Pocket User
Terminal
• 800 grams 22 x 14 x 3
cm
• Receives at 216 kbps
• Transmits at 72 kbps
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
Notebook User
Terminal
• With detachable Remote
Antenna
• Recieves at 432 kbps
• Transmits at 144 kbps
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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN & BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite license in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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R-BGAN Business Model

RBGAN business model consist of 3
layers:
1. Inmarsat.
2. Distribution partners.
3. Customers.



Inmarsat operates RBGAN system.
Distribution partners are connected to
Inmarsat systems.
Customers deals with distribution
partners only.
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R-BGAN Business Model
(cont.)




Inmarsat offers different scenarios to enable
DPs to provide the full set of features and
connectivity service.
One of this
infrastructure.
scenarios
is
the
shared
This scenario is chosen by ESC.
It provides minimal involvement with the
technical aspects of providing RBGAN services.
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R-BGAN Business Model
(cont.)

Shared infrastructure
The main features of this solution:
• No capital investment required.
• No IP PoP interconnect expertise is required.
• Inmarsat maintains and operates the endto-end service
• Additional connectivity services can be
added and managed on their behalf.
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R-BGAN Business Model
(cont.)

Shared infrastructure (cont.)
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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN & BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite licenses in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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Satellite licenses in Egypt

Satellite license in Egypt is divided into
two licenses:
1. VSAT license.
2. GMPCS license.


RBGAN can be considered as a service of
both VSAT and GMPCS services.
RBGAN classification is under study now
by Policy and license department.
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Content
Introduction.
 Technical aspects of the system.
 RBGAN Vs BGAN.
 RBGAN & BGAN products.
 Business model.
 Satellite license in Egypt.
 Conclusion.

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Conclusion

Here are some points that should be taken into
considerations when issuing the license:
• Identifying the business model that the Distribution
Partner (DP) will choose.
• Identifying the security method that will be used by DP.
• Determining the ability of providing roaming with other
mobile network operators.
• Identifying MSUs providers in Egypt.
• Determining the minimum data rate that will be acquired
by customers.
• Identifying Signal power levels in
both uplink and
downlink.
• Identifying the billing system used and the cost of each
service.
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Conclusion (cont.)
• The authority can use Inmarsat fraud management
system to block any unlicensed operators or to limit
the access of some users.
• The authority can use legal interception functionality
to intercept any communications in B-GAN system.
• Ensuring the provision of emergency call handling
system.
• Identifying numbering technique used and reserved
numbers for provision of service in Egypt.
• Identifying multiple access technique used in
transmission.
• Identifying different classes of service according to
provided bit rates, identifying modulation and coding
used.
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Thank You
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