EXPERIENCES OF RURAL BIO-RESOURCE COMPLEX PROJECT IN INTENSIFICATION OF SMALL FARM HOLDINGS

Dr.K.C.Narayana Swamy Prof. & Project Coordinator Dr.K.Narayana Gowda Principle Investigator & Vice Chancellor University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore – 560 065 Dr.S.V.Suresh

Assoc. Professor Coordinator, Bakery Training Unit Mr. Babu RM Ray Asst. Professor

FACTORS CONTRIBUTED FOR DECLINE IN THE ECONOMY OF THE FARMERS

      

Escalation in cost of production resulting reduced profit margin Inadequate information support system Decline in soil fertility and productivity Inadequate market facility and lack of scientific price for produce Depletion of ground water and environmental degradation Division and fragmentation of land holdings Unorganized farming sector Leading to apathy, loosing interest among farmers particularly present day rural youth in farming and migration to urban areas – in extreme cases suicide

RURAL BIO-RESOURCE COMPLEX PROJECT

Funding Institution Budget outlay Period Project Location Annual rainfall No. of families No. of Villages Geographical Area Cultivable area : DBT, Government of India : Rs. 4.36 Cr (expenditure – 3.86 Cr.) : Apr.2005 to Mar.2010

: Tubagere Hobli, Bangalore Rural District : 768 mm – Eastern Dry Zone : 8340 : 75 : 13,990 ha : 9469 ha (82% dryland)

Mandate

: To increase income and living standard of rural families

Landless Labours 26%

BASELINE SURVEY

Big Farmers 8% Small & Marginal Farmers 66%

Composition of families – Project area

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PROJECT SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PROJECT Profitable and Sustainable Technologies Information Support System Providing Quality Critical Inputs & Custom hire service centre Effective Functional Linkage Marketing Support Establishment of Commodity Based Associations IFSD & END TO END ISSUES

I. PROFITABLE AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES

• • • • • • •

Field crops

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Ragi Cultivation

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Maize cultivation

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Redgram cultivation

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Sunflower cultivation

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Sweet corn cultivation

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Pop corn cultivation

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Baby corn cultivation

Horticultural crops

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Improved cultivation practices in banana

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Drumstick cultivation

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Improved French Beans production

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Open field rose cultivation

Animal Based Enterprises

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Fish culture

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Sheep rearing

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Backyard poultry Natural Resource Conservation and Management

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Biofuels

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Organic Farming

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Water use efficiency

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Integrated farming system Seed Production activities Sericulture and Chawki Rearing Centre Value added products in Ragi, redgram & jackfruit

II.INFORMATION SUPPORT SYSTEM

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Eight young scientists ( RAs, SRFs & JRFs) supported by 30 Sr. scientists.

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356 training programmes covering 13,841 farmers

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Exposure of 4,362 farmers to latest farm technologies in Krishimelas.

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166 video-conferences involving 99,600 farmers.

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Field days, exhibitions, crop campaigns and vanamahotsava

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Weather information to the farmers

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Recognition and award to farmers and farm women

III. CRITICAL INPUTS & CUSTOM HIRE SERVICES

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Seeds, seedlings / tissue culture banana / rose cuttings, mulberry cuttings, saplings of bio-fuel and fruit species.

Bio-fertilizers, earthworms bio-pesticides, bio-control agents and

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Sheep, poultry birds and fish fingerlings

CUSTOM HIRE SERVICE

Tractors,Power tiller, Cultivator, Rotovator, Digger, Land leveler, Harrow(Halube), Disc, MB-Plough, Power weeder, Power sprayer

IV. EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONAL LINKAGE (14)

KVK Bangalore Rural District, Hadonahally Financial Institution Corporation Bank Res. Organizations ISRO, IIHR, CSR & TI RBRC UAS (B) Marketing Agencies KAPPEC, HOPCOMS, SAFAL Input agencies, NGOs, Local Farmers’ Groups Dev. Depts.-6 KSDA, KSDH, KSSD, Vet. & Animal Sciences, KSMB, KSFD

CONTRIBUTIONS OF OTHER AGENCIES

Corporation Bank Department of Horticulture

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Financial assistance for Marketing complex and biofuel extraction unit

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Instituted Corp Prasasthi Awards

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Subsidy for Banana, Mango, Sapota, flower crops and vermicompost pits

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Two projects on Bhendi and Beans seed production

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Financial assistance for national workshop on Jack.

Financial assistance for promotion of organic farming and custom hire centre Department of Agriculture Marketing Board Department of Sericulture Department of Forest ISRO Cold storage facility Financial Assistance for CRC and Drip irrigation in mulberry Rejuvenation of degraded forest land and supply of forest seedlings VRC and Expert centre Grama Panchayat, Hodonahalli Office space free of cost

V. MARKETING SUPPORT

1. Institutional Marketing Linkage

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SAFAL

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APMC HPCOMS Reliance

2. Direct Sale by Producers

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Marketing complex

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Bakery

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Imparting knowledge and skill on

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Grading

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Packing and

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Branding

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Timely marketing information

VI. COMMODITY BASED ASSOCIATIONS

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Rural Biofuel Growers Association

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Jack Growers Association

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Fruits & Vegetables Growers Association

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Organic Farming Farmers Association

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Flower Growers Association

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Corn Growers Association

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Federation of Women SHGs

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Fish Farmers Association

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Agro Processors Association

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Chawki Rearing Centres

Intervention-wise Achievements

Improved cultivation of Finger millet Average Yield (Q/ac): 14 Net income(Rs./ac): 11,000 B:C Ratio: 1.83 Yield improvement: 38% Seed production Net income (Rs./ac):25,000 B:C Ratio: 2.67

Incremental income : 120% Improved cultivation of corn crops Average Yield (Q/ac):25 Net income(Rs./ac): 15,000 B:C Ratio: 2.5

Yield improvement : 15% Open field Rose cultivation Average Yield (Q/ac): 210 Net income(Rs./ac): 5,85,000 B:C Ratio: 3.9

Newly introduced crop Improved cultivation of Sunflower Average yield (Q/ac.): 8 Net income(Rs./ac): 16,000 B:C Ratio: 2.0

Yield improvement : 18% Improved Red Gram cultivation Average Yield (Q/ac.): 7 Net income(Rs./ac): 15500 B:C Ratio: 2.75

Yield improvement : 45%

Apiculture 70 units Average yield (kg/hive): 3.50

Net Income(Rs./box) : 200 B:C ratio: 2.5

Tissue culture Banana cultivation Average Yield (tons/ac.): 32 Net income (Rs./ac): 1,94,000 B:C Ratio: 6.46

Yield improvement : 12% Value added products from finger millet Agro processing centre No. of families: 100 Total Production (Qtls): 45 Net income(Rs./kg): 30 B:C Ratio: 0.66

Promotin of Biofuel Species: Pongamia,Neem, Mahua, Castor Seedlings planted: 65000 Oil expelling unit: 100tons/year Drum stick cultivation No. of Families: 200 Net income (Rs/ac.):40,000 BC Ratio : 1.69

Yield improvement: 23% Organic farming Vermicompost units-60 Earth worms-60 kgs Green manure : 400 kgs Neem care: 60 litre Biofertilizers: 250 kgs Japanese compost unit: 10

Sheep rearing Number of units : 838 Net income (Rs./unit): 5715 B:C Ratio: 4.7

Back yard poultry Number of units : 3720 No. of Families :524 Avg. weight :3.5 kg Net income (Rs./unit): 600 Sericulture Average yield (kg/ac/year): 1080 Net income (Rs./ac/year): 1,34,400 B:C Ratio: 2.24

Yield improvement : 75% Fish rearing in irrigation ponds Average Yield (kg/ pond): 37.50

Net income(Rs./pond): 1375 B:C Ratio: 2.75

Newly introduced

INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES CREATED

• • • • • • • •

Automatic Weather Station in the KVK premises Marketing Complex for Sale of VAPs Marketing Complex for the sale of Agri.-Hort. Produce Chawki Rearing Centre.

Poultry Demonstration Unit Fish Demonstration units Two Agro-Processing Units Biofuel Extraction unit

PROJECT ACHIEVEMENTS

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Significant improvement on knowledge, skill and attitude Optimum utilization of resources Shift in cropping pattern from low to high value dryland crops Increase in crop productivity Improved access to direct market and remunerative price Generation of additional employment Inclusive growth Improvement in social and nutritional status Retaining majority of farm youth in agriculture Three fold increase in income 11 % agricultural growth rate Shared labour concept, community harmony Minimized social conflicts

VISITORS

The project attracted variety of visitors – from within and outside the state as well as across the countries (22)

Visitors Category Outside the country Outside the state Within the state Total VIPs Scientists Farmers Students Total 113 23

136

15 240 180 36

471

50 56 10230 850

10786 65 409 10410 909 11,993

IMPORTANT VISITORS TO THE PROJECT AREA

Dr. A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Dr.M.Mahadevappa

Dr.S.A.Patil

Dr.V.L.Chopra

Dr.Joseph Modayal Dr.Suresh Kumar Dr. S. Ayyappan, DG, ICAR & Secretary, DARE

Dr. Hans Raj Bharadhwaj, His Excellency The Governor of Karnataka

Sri. H.D. Devegowdaji, Former Prime Minister of India Dr.V.V. Sadamate.

Sri.Bharat lal meena.

SPREAD OF TECHNOLOGY / REPLICATION OF THE MODEL

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DBT has replicated this model in North Eastern States Litchi Growers Associations have been established in Bihar on the lines of Commodity Based Associations

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Karnataka Government has earmarked Rs.75 crores for replication of RBRC model in all 29 KVKs in Karnataka covering 1.25 lakh ha during 2011-12 to 2013-14

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Govt. of Meghalaya and Andhra Pradesh have approached the University to provide technical know-how to replicate this model in their states.

STRATEGIES Promotion of Appropriate Interventions Effective Information Support System Effective Functional Linkage Marketing support Providing Critical Inputs Commodity Based Associations

RBRC MODEL

LONGTERM BENEFITS INITIAL BENEFITS Increased Productivity Increased Income Employment Generation Nutritional Intake Better Education Improved Housing Leadership Social Status Social Mobility Communication Skills Improved Standard of Living

CONCLUSION

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The model has the special feature of intensification of small farmers through IFSD approach and ensures end-to-end approach without leaving any issues for chance factor.

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The chances of success of improving productivity and income are certain in the process of sustainable development of small farmers .

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Hence the RBRC model evolved and tested could be replicated or scaled up across the country with some modifications or refinements to suit different agro-ecological situations with varied resource base of the farmers.