Transcript The Progressive Era

p.306-312
The Origins of Progressivism
Objectives
•Explain the four goals of progressivism
•Summarize progressive efforts to clean up
government
•Identify progressive efforts to reform state
government, protect workers, and reform
elections
FOUR GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM
Protecting Social Welfare
Social Gospel Movement continues
Promoting Moral Improvement
Prohibition
• Soften harsh condition of industrialization
• Banning of alcoholic beverages
Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA)
• Libraries
• Classes
• Recreational activities
The Salvation Army
• Soup kitchens
• Nurseries
Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
(WCTU)
• Founded in Cleveland
• Spearhead the prohibition push
• Became the largest women’s group in history
• Expanded the role of women and pushed for
suffrage
FOUR GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM
Creating Economic Reform
Fostering Efficiency
Panic of 1893
Scientific Management
• People began to question the
capitalist economic system
• Workers especially begin to embrace
socialism
“Brandeis brief”
Muckrakers
• Journalist who wrong about the
corrupt side of business
• Focusing on the data of social scientists on
high costs of long working hours
“Taylorism”
• Using time and motion studies to improve
efficiency by breaking manufacturing into
smaller parts
CLEANING UP LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Reforming Local Government
Reform Mayors
Commission
Hazen Pingree: Detroit, MI – 1890-1897
• Galveston, TX – 1900
• 500 cities by 1917
City Council
• Dayton, OH –1913
• ~250 cities by 1925
• Fairer tax structure
• Lower mass transit fares
• Rooted corruption
• Work relief
Converting utilities to publicly owned
enterprises
Held large open forum meetings to
question city officals
REFORM AT THE STATE LEVEL
Reform Governors
Protecting Working Children
“Fighting Bob” La Follette
National Child Labor Committee
• Took on railroad
• Taxed them as any other business
• Commission to regulate rate
Did not want to “smash corporations, but merely
drive them out of politics”
• Organized exhibitions of evidence
gathered of harsh working conditions
• Photographs
• Statistics
Keating-Owen Act – 1916
• Prohibited the transportation across
state lines of good produced by child
labor
REFORM AT THE STATE LEVEL
Efforts to Limit Working Hours
Reforming Elections
Muller v. Oregon – 1908
Initiative
• 10 hour work day for women
• Bill organized by the people rather than law
makers
Bunting v. Oregon – 1917
• 10 hour work day for men
Referendum
• A vote on an initiative
Recall
Worker Compensation
• Enabled voters to remove public officalls by
forcing them face another election
• Maryland – 1902
Primaries
• Allowed voters, not political machines to pick
canidates
REFORM AT THE STATE LEVEL
Direct Elections of Senators
Seventeenth Amendment
• Previously the state legislature
chose its own U.S. Senators
• Gave more power to
• Party bosses
• Big business