Transcript Jacksonian America

Chapter 9
Guiding Questions

1. How did Andrew Jackson the man and president,
reflect the change in political ideology of the 182030’s?
2. How did political parties meet the needs/wants of
the people?
3. Is the argument for the powers of nullification a
valid democratic argument? Does the constitution
justify such powers implicationally?
The Expanding Electorate

 Jacksonian America saw…
 No growth in economic equality
 No redistribution of wealth
 BUT voter’s rights were expanded
How?
 States had been restricted voting to…
 White, property owning, taxpayers
 Voter suffrage (rights) expanded first in the West
 The number of total voters doubled from 1824-28, then
almost doubled again the next decade.
The Dorr Rebellion

 Thomas Dorr (a local leader in Rhode Island) didn’t
like the voter restrictions so he drafted a new
Constitution for his state.
 It is put to a state wide vote and Dorr’s Constitution
wins popular support.
 2 governments operated at the same time.
 Dorr acting as Governor tries to take the state arsenal
and is arrested and imprisoned.
 Power is restored to the legitimate legislator but they
are forced to expand voter rights.
Legitimization of the Party

 Martin Van Buren starts first established political
party in New York: The Albany Regency
 Party votes for their candidates
 They value party loyalty over all else
 They claim that party loyalty ensures that elected
officials follow the will of the people.
 Party needs permanent opposition to survive
 This is the birth of the Second Party System (1828)
Anti-Jacksonians=Whigs
Pro-Jackson=Democrats
Jacksonian Democracy

 “President for the Common Man”
 “Equal protection and equal benefits.”
 Jackson goes after “entrenched officeholders”
 Puts in its place new elected officials who appoint
supporters to government positions=The Spoils
System (To the victor goes the spoils)
 Party convention replaces the caucus
 Kitchen Cabinet replaces real Cabinet
Did these changes give power to the people?
Our Federal Union

 Jackson weakens the function of the Federal
Government but strengthens the powers of the
president
 He believes in Jefferson’s strong state rights with
strong farmers
 John C. Calhoun is Vice President
 He believes that the Tariff of Abominations has caused
economic turmoil in the South
Nullification

 Calhoun proposes that the state of South Carolina
has the power to Nullify the tariff because it is the
state that gives the federal government power.
 Jackson disagrees with nullification
 Calhoun resigns
 Van Buren is appointed VP
 Webster-Hayne Debate rages in congress arguing
whether the states have the right to ignore a federal
law—NULLIFICATION
Nullification

 In November of 1832 South Carolina votes to nullify
the tariff
 Jackson, fearing an end to the Union, sends in troops
to collect the tariff—Force Act
 Congress trying to avoid civil war passes a bill at the
last minute to gradually lower the tariff over the next
ten years (till 1842) to pre-1816 levels.
 This calms the nullification debate…for now.
 Proves that states can’t go it alone and that secession
is possible.
Our
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Actors-2
Narrator=Mr. Flessa
Director=Misbahul
Henry Clay=Michelle
Tallmadge=Tanvi
Thrift=Alex
Peirce=Jenna
Andrew Jackson=Emma
Newsboy=Eleri
Calhoun=Peter
Webster=Hannah
Hayne=Amartya
Jefferson=Joseph
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Hour
Van Buren=Adrienne
Peggy Eaton=Maria
John Eaton=Nischal
Soldier=Marcella
Black Hawk=Emily
Hamilton=Michella
Scott=Jenna
Taney=Alex
Duane=Deena
Santa Anna=Juliana
Austin=Tanvi
Houston=Jenna
Adams=Michelle
Lawrence=Hemmingway
Swift=Hannah
Our
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Actors-4
Narrator=Mr. Flessa
Director=Mr. Flessa
Henry Clay=Dan g
Tallmadge=Sanket
Thrift=Mike
Peirce=Andrei
Andrew Jackson=Peter
Newsboy=Goutham
Calhoun=Claire
Webster=Angelina
Hayne=Carlie
Jefferson=Connor
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Hour
Van Buren=Noah
Peggy Eaton=Ashley
John Eaton=Cara
Soldier=Michael
Black Hawk=Rachel
Hamilton=Marissa
Scott=Jillian
Taney=Liam
Duane=Victoria
Santa Anna=Yip
Austin=Marissa
Houston=Beany
Adams=Jillian
Lawrence=Justin
Swift=Rachel
Our
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Actors-2
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Narrator=Deena
Director=Misbahul
Henry Clay=Michelle
Tallmadge=Tanvi
Thrift=Peter
Peirce=Jenna
Hour-Act 1
APUSH Short Answer
Questions

 Short-answer questions
will directly address one
or more of the thematic
learning objectives for
the course.
 At least two of the four
questions will have
elements of internal
choice, providing
opportunities for students
to demonstrate what they
know best.
Number of
Questions
Time
Percentage
4
50 Minutes
20%
Thematic Learning Objectives
1
Identify
2
Work, Exchange and Technology
3
Peopling
4
Politics and Power
5
America and the World
6
Environment and geography
7
Ideas, Beliefs, and Culture
Short Answer Question
Example

 1. Answer a, b, and c.
 a) Briefly explain ONE example of how contact
between Native Americans and Europeans
brought changes to Native American societies in
the period 1492-1700.
 b) Briefly explain a SECOND example of how
contact between Native Americans and
Europeans brought changes to Native American
societies in the same period.
 c) Briefly explain ONE example of how Native
American societies resisted change brought by
contact with Europeans in the same period.
Example of an Answer

 C)
 Tribes sometimes worked to preserve their traditional tribal culture,
beliefs, language, and worldviews rather than accept or adapt to
European ways and beliefs.
 Some Native American people responded to European contact with
violence and warfare, as in Metacom’s Rebellion (King Philip’sWar)
and the Pueblo Revolt (Popé’s Rebellion).
 Some Native Americans maintained their traditional religions rather
than converting to Christianity.
 Native Americans sometimes chose to flee rather than accept
enslavement by Europeans.
 Tribes sometimes formed alliances with one another, such as
 Metacom’s alliance of tribes in New England, in order to resist
 encroaching European colonial societies.
 • Some tribes formed alliances with some Europeans to resist and
 wage war on other Europeans (or to play one European nation
Example of an Answer

 A) and B)
 Native American population declined as a result of disease and warfare (leading
to “mourning wars” between Native American tribes).
 Many Native Americans were enslaved and/or subjected to forced labor.
 Traditional tribal economies changed as a result of increased trade with
Europeans.
 Native Americans and Europeans began to intermarry in Spanish and French
colonies, producing racially mixed populations and caste systems.
 Some Native Americans converted to Christianity.
 The introduction of new crops and livestock into Native American societies
changed settlement patterns.
 Domestic animals brought by Europeans changed the environment and
destroyed Native American crops.
 Views on gender roles, family, and property changed as a result of European
influence.
 The introduction of guns, other weapons, and alcohol stimulated cultural and
demographic changes in some Native American societies.
 Alliances with European nations changed politics and policies within and
among tribes.
Oh Yeah…!

 We will be holding our first “OH YEAH!” debate
today based on your Jackson: $20 Projects. Here are
the rules.
 We will start with a random person. That person will stand and
give a reason why President Jackson should be on the $20 Bill.
 When they are finished a historical figure with an OPPOSING
view will stand and say “OH YEAH!...” then give one of their
reasons my Jackson SHOULDN’T be in the $20.
 When they are finish a person with an opposing view of the
second person will stand and say “OH YEAH!...” and give their
reason why Jackson SHOULD be on the $20.
 And so on…
 Pay attention so that you don’t repeat someone else’s reason.