Transcript Feasibility, Operating Agreement Development, and Business

Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Update of Interim Safety Improvement Planning
Presentation to Board of Airport Commissioners
Michael D. Feldman
Deputy Executive Director
Facilities Management Group
November 16, 2009
1
LAWA’s Airfield Safety Goals
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Overall: Continue to be proactive in enhancing safety on
the airfield while maintaining efficient movement of aircraft
• Interim: Reduce risk levels as much as possible while
maintaining airfield operational efficiency pending ultimate
North Airfield configuration decisions
• Long-Term Improvements: Eliminate and/or substantially
reduce levels of risk while maintaining airfield operational
efficiency
2
Background of IRSIP Study
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• North Airfield Technical Studies – Independent Airfield
Safety Assessments
• 2007 North Airfield Safety Risk Assessment Report
• Independent North Airfield Safety Study (NASA, Academic
Panel) - ongoing
• BOAC Direction to LAWA to Identify Further Safety
Enhancements During Interim Period
• IRSIP Study
• Status Update Presentation to BOAC on April 6, 2009
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Airfield Safety Improvements Implemented
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• South Airfield Improvement Project - completed
• Enhanced Marking and Lighting System – completed
• Runway Status Light System – pilot program
completed
• ASDE-X system installation – completed
• Pilot and Controller Awareness Program – on-going
4
Safety/Risk Terminology
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard: condition that is necessary to lead to an incident
or accident.
• Likelihood: Probable frequency of hazard occurrence (i.e.
once per week/month/year/10 years/100 years).
• Severity: A measure of the end result (i.e. increased pilot
and FAA workload, extreme pilot measures to avoid
collision, loss of life and property).
• Risk: a predicted result of an event and the probability of
the event occurring.
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FAA Engineering Recommendations
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• FAA places priority on runway separation and proper airfield
geometry
• Pending resolution of the final airfield geometry, the FAA
prefers the following:
“. . .. The preference is for aircraft to cross in the last third
of the runway whenever possible, since within the middle
third of the runway the arriving/ departing aircraft is
usually on the ground and traveling at a high rate of
speed.”1/
FAA Engineering Brief No. 75: Incorporation of Runway Incursion Prevention into Taxiway and Apron
Design, November 19, 2007.
1/
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Existing North Airfield System
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
7
North Airfield Current Configuration – Risk
Matrix
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Severity
Likelihood
No Safety
Effect
Minor
Major
Hazardous
Catastrophic
5
4
3
2
1
Frequent – A
More than once
per week
Probable – B
Once every
month
LAX 005
Remote – C
Once every
year
Extremely
Remote – D
Once every 10100 years
LAX 008
LAX 009
LAX 001
LAX 003
LAX 004
LAX 006
LAX 010
Extremely
Improbable – E
Less than once
every 100
years
LAX 002
LAX 007
*
High Risk
Medium Risk
Source: LAX-WCG, Inc. Safety Risk Management Panel, May 2007
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* Unacceptable with Single Point and Common Cause Failures
Low Risk
Safety Risk Assessment Panel
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• FAA Subject Matter Experts
• Air Traffic Control
• Runway Safety
• LAWA Subject Matter Experts
• Airfield Operations
• Planning
• Safety Risk Assessment Expert
• Panel Focus
• Review Hazards LAX001 and LAX002 to confirm that the
hazards still exist based on current operations and the
implementation of short-term enhancements
• Review the Preferred Alternative and determine if it would
reduce the severity and/or likelihood of the hazards occurring
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• Evaluate the potential of the Preferred Alternative causing
additional hazards and/or worsening other existing hazards
IRSIP – Taxiway Relocations
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
10
Interim Improvements (IRSIP) – Initial Safety
Panel Findings Risk Matrix
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Severity
Likelihood
No Safety
Effect
Minor
Major
Hazardous
Catastrophic
5
4
3
2
1
Frequent – A
More than once
per week
Probable – B
Once every
month
LAX 005
Remote – C
Once every
year
Extremely
Remote – D
Once every 10100 years
LAX 008
LAX 009
LAX 003
LAX 004
LAX 010
Extremely
Improbable – E
Less than once
every 100
years
LAX 001
LAX 006
LAX 001
LAX 002
LAX 007
LAX 002
*
High Risk
Medium Risk
Source: LAX Safety Risk Management Panel, September 2009
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* Unacceptable with Single Point and Common Cause Failures
Low Risk
Runway Status Light Locations
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
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Next Steps
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• December Board Meeting: Staff will request authority to
initiate IRSIP design and environmental review
• Provide results of this work to NORSAC Committee and
the Academic Panel.
• On-going collaboration with the FAA regarding additional
Runway Status Light Installations and IRSIP
• Finalize Safety Risk Management Panel Report
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Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
Discussions/Questions
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North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Y
• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for
Arrivals and Runway 24L for Non-Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Non-Heavy aircraft is cleared
for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on
Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Y, approaches to
hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R
inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Y and
crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Non-Heavy begins
its departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both
pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential
collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe
operational error.”
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North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard
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LAX001 – Taxiway Y
North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Z
• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for Arrivals and
Runway 24L for Non-Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Non-Heavy aircraft is cleared for
departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L,
instructed to hold on Taxiway Z, approaches to hold line at the same
time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R
inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Z and crosses
Runway 24L at the same time a Non-Heavy begins its departure roll
down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots
conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which
would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”
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North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
•
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Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Z
North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Y
• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for
Arrivals and Runway 24L for Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Heavy aircraft is cleared for
departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on
Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Y, approaches to
hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R
inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Y and
crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Heavy begins its
departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both
pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential
collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe
operational error.”
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North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Y
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North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Z
• What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for
Arrivals and Runway 24L for Heavy Departures
• What may occur: The departing Heavy aircraft is cleared for
departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on
Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Z, approaches to
hold line at the same time.
• What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R
inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Z and
crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Heavy begins its
departure roll down Runway 24L.
• What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both
pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential
collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe
operational error.”
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North Airfield Hazards
Los Angeles World Airports | LAX Interim Runway Safety Improvement Project
• Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Z
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