Transcript Requirements for experiments

The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
European XFEL Project:
Status and Research
Applications
Moscow, Jun 17, 2008
Serguei L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, Hamburg, Germany
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
June 5, 2007: Official Launch of the Project!
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
The European XFEL Limited Liability Company
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
XFEL International Contributions
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
XFEL, Committees, Collaborating Institutes
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Peak Brilliance of X-Ray Sources vs. Time
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
European XFEL in the International Context
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
European XFEL User Facility Parameters
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
First Undulators and Beamlines
Concentrate on SASE radiation
SASE 2
-
e
tunable, planar
~0.15 – 0.4 nm
electrons
17.5 GeV
SASE 1
planar
0.1 nm
SASE 3
-
e
Experiments
● provide as large as possible photon energy range
● for soft X-rays start with linear polarization
● enable use of harm./spont. emission in SASE beamlines
tunable, planar
0.4 – 1.6 nm
1.2 – 4.9 nm (10 GeV)
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Photon Energy Ranges of Applications
SASE 2
SASE 1
SASE 3
spont. radiation U 1, U 2
0.1
1.0
10
1.0
Spectroscopy on
Small Quantum Systems
Generate HED samples
Magnetism by
PCS & CDI
10.0
0.1
Wavelength [nm]
Structure determination
by diffraction
Imaging nanosystems
Dynamics of nanoscale
systems by PCS
Absorption spectroscopy
S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
100 Energy [keV]
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The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Soft
X-rays
Hard X-rays
Selection of First Instruments
Instrument
Brief description of the instrument
SPB
Ultrafast Coherent Diffraction Imaging of Single Particles, Clusters,
and Biomolecules – Structure determination of single particles: atomic
clusters, bio-molecules, virus particles, cells.
MID
Materials Imaging & Dynamics –Structure determination of nanodevices and dynamics at the nanoscale.
FDE
Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments – Time-resolved investigations
of the dynamics of solids, liquids, gases
HED
High Energy Density Matter – Investigation of matter under extreme
conditions using hard x-ray FEL radiation, e.g. probing dense plasmas.
SQS
Small Quantum Systems – Investigation of atoms, ions, molecules and
clusters in intense fields and non-linear phenomena.
SCS
Soft x-ray Coherent Scattering –Structure and dynamics of nanosystems and of non-reproducible biological objects using soft X-rays.
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
SASE 1, SASE 2, SASE 3 beamlines
SASE 1 (12.4 keV)
SPB & MID instruments
● emphasis on coherent x-ray beam
● coherent diffraction and XPCS application
SASE 2 (3.1 – 12.4 keV)
FDE & HED instruments
● emphasis on pump-probe applications : X-ray/X-ray & opt./X-ray
SASE 3 (600 – 3000 eV)
SQS instrument
● emphasis on high intensity; X-ray/X-ray & opt./X-ray pump-probe
SCS instrument
● emphasis on coherent x-ray beam; coherent diffraction & XPCS
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Femtochemistry
Capturing chemical reactions on film
"Filming" chemical reactions using
ultra-fast lasers.
A chemical reaction is triggered by a laser
flash. A second laser pulse is then sent at
varying intervals after the first one to take
instantaneous snapshots.
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Structural Biology
Shedding light on biomolecules
Protein DNA complexes are often
very large and difficult to crystallize.
The X-ray laser opens up
possibilities to unravel their structure
and function in the living organism
without the need for crystallization.
Biomolecules are destroyed by intense Xray radiation. In order to obtain a usable
image of the biomolecule, the image must
be recorded very quickly.
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Material Reserach
Developing new materials
Various models explaining
stick-slip friction.This
phenomenon arises when a
sliding film alternately melts
(due to shear force) and
freezes. A better
understanding of the sliding
phase (c) and how to
prevent freezing (d) could
help reduce frictional losses.
Using intense X-ray radiation
physicists investigate friction
on an atomic level.
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Cluster Physics
When less is more
Model calculation of a copper particle
with 17000 atoms - a cluster which
plays a role in catalytic processes.
When matter is irradiated with very
intense light, unusual processes occur
which do not happen after irradiation
with less intense light.
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
Plasma Physics
A different state of matter
With an X-ray laser, plasmas
can be created that are as
hot as the interiors of giant
stars. At the same time, it will
be possible to investigate the
plasmas so created at
varying intervals with another
part of the laser beam and
thus to conduct research into
the plasma state.
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08
The European
X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Project
XFEL
You are very welcome to plan
your experiments at the European XFEL
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S.L. Molodtsov
European XFEL Project, 17-Jun-08