Transcript Coastal Navigation using GPS

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Using Routes while
performing PATON
Verifications
Use the “View Notes Page”
command to review.
GPS Tips
Periodically verify your GPS
position using other methods.
Use Aids to navigation as waypoints.
Stay alert for GPS malfunctions.
Always validate
satellite
performance before
using your GPS set
for navigation.
A waypoint
(WPT or WP)
is a designated
location with
geographic
coordinates – Latitude
and Longitude.
GPS Tips
Place waypoints
on the exact location of
an Aid to Navigation.
The odds are that it won’t
Actually be there due to its
Watch circle.
GPS Tips
*Use a minimum
number of characters to
define a waypoint.
*Maintain an EXCEL list of
*waypoints for reference.
GPS Tips
• Waypoints do not have to be
located in the water.
• Waypoints can be used to mark
hazards to navigation--areas to
avoid and areas to visit.
Waypoints are used extensively in
GPS navigation or Routes:
• As boundaries between
voyage segments, called LEGS.
• To mark turning points,
destinations, and aids to
navigation.
• To mark hazards to navigation.
Verifying your planned
positions as a waypoint
WPT 4
• Use a simple numbering system.
• Do not finalize your waypoint position on
top of the Aid. Risk of collision!
• Validate every waypoint before
using it as a permanent waypoint
in a route.
WPT 1
WPT 3
WPT 2
Verifying your Waypoint
Press the “Mark” button
Brings up Waypoint
Screen
Waypoint Use
Mark
the
Marks
the to
Marks hazards
boundaries
navigation
turns in aor
between
legs.
obstructions.
channel
WPT 1
Rock
WPT 4
WPT 3
WPT 2
Waypoint Listing
WPT RTE LL No. Description
001
1
Float at Dorchester Yacht Club
003
1
Morrissey Blvd Bridge
004
1
11230 Dor. Bay Lighted Buoy 12
005
1
11210 Dor. Bay Lighted Buoy 5
006
1
11200 Dor. Bay Buoy 3
007
1
11579 Western Way Buoy 9
008
1
Right Pier Long Island Bridge
009
1
11554 Western Way Lighted Buoy 4
010
1
11514 Peddocks Is, Channel Buoy 2P
011
1
11395 Nantasket Rds Lighted Buoy 11
012
1
11370 Nantasket Rds Lighted Buoy 9
013
1
11355 Nantasket Roads Lighted Buoy 3
014
1
00435 Harding Ledge Lighted Bell Buoy 1HL
015
1
00445 Davis Ledge Lighted Gong Buoy 1DL
TRUE
Meas'd
Dist.
GPS
Latitude
Longitude
HDG
HDG
nm
Dist
Deg
Deg
Start
112
069
041
065
126
137
139
073
064
058
086
109
118
0.239
0.704
0.764
0.931
0.392
0.856
0.993
0.580
1.638
0.596
1.298
1.700
4.765
M ins
1
12258 Scituate Approach Lighted Gong Buoy SA
017
1
12490 Farnum Rock Lighted Bell Buoy 6
018
1
13035 Mary Ann Rocks Lighted Whistle Buoy 12
019
1
13065 Cape Cod Canal Entrance Buoy 7
152
148
157
176
4.751
7.656
11.426
8.521
Date
042 18.310 N
071 03.130 W Dock
042 18.220 N
071 02.830 W Outer Bridge Pier - South
10-Jun-01
042 18.470 N
071 01.940 W Lighted Red Buoy
10-Jun-01
042 19.050 N
071 01.267 W Lighted Green Buoy
10-Jun-01
042 19.450 N
071 00.130 W Green Can
10-Jun-01
042 19.220 N
070 59.700 W Green Can
10-Jun-01
042 18.520 N
070 58.820 W Right Pier of Bridge
10-Jun-01
042 17.770 N
070 57.940 W Lighted Red Buoy
10-Jun-01
042 17.940 N
070 57.190 W Red Nun
10-Jun-01
042 18.660 N
070 55.200 W Lighted Green Buoy Fl G 2.5s
10-Jun-01
042 18.980 N
070 54.520 W Green Buoy
10-Jun-01
042 19.080 N
070 52.770 W Green Buoy
10-Jun-01
042 18.520 N
070 50.600 W Lighted Green Buoy Fl G 4s
10-Jun-01
042 16.300 N
070 44.900 W Green Buoy
N
016
Type of Mark
M ins
W
042 12.100 N
070 41.900 W Red and White Stripes
042 05.620 N
070 36.400 W Red Buoy
041 55.100 N
070 30.400 W Red Buoy
041 46.600 N
070 29.600 W Red Buoy
A Use
greata tool
to use
when you
validate your
simple
waypoint
numbering
EXCELtoand
provides
a routes.
more extensive
waypoints
create
system
identify
waypoints
and
media
for
a
waypoint
list
than
your
avoid
clutter
on
your
GPS
screen.
Also use EXCEL to create a list of
GPSroute
set. that your create.
Waypoints
for
each
i.e. 001, 002, 003, 004, etc.
Always pre-plot all waypoints on a
nautical chart and measure the
distance and bearing between
waypoints.
• Verify on your chart that the trip
legs are planned in safe water.
• Record the data on a Trip Log.
• Select waypoints that can be
easily verified by other methods-visual fixes, soundings, radar,
etc.
NEVER rely on one
means of navigation.
GPS 76 & Meridian Map Screen
Fields can be changed
and re-sized.
WPT and ATON icons
can be resized.
KISS – Keep it simple.
You can make up your
own screen layout.
DIRECTIONAL SCREEN
Bearing to
Waypoint
Poor selection of a Waypoint ID
Pointer to
Waypoint
Course over
ground
Destination
Waypoint
Distance to
Waypoint
Speed over
ground
User selectable
field
GPS 76 & Meridian Screen
Poor
selection of a
waypoint.
Highway Screen
Bearing to
Waypoint
Distance to Waypoint
Speed over ground
Destination Waypoint
CDI scale
Course over
ground
User selectable field
GPS 76 & Meridian Highway
Screen
GPS Position Page
This is not a
Direction
bar reading!
at
compass
top of screen.
Course and Speed
Mileage and Altitude
Position
Time
NAVIGATING
WITH WAYPOINTS
Using GPS
to Navigate
Identify waypoint locations
or the direction & distance
between them.
Using GPS
to Navigate
• Plan a series of waypoints.
• Check for obstacles between
them—shoals, rocks, islands.
• Check 1/4 mile either side of
your planned course for
obstacles.
GOTO Navigation
• Used by any boat in
open water to navigate
to a single waypoint.
• Useful functions:
– Range and Bearing
– Speed of Approach
– Turn
Range and Bearing
• The distance and direction
to a waypoint.
• Probably the most useful
of all navigation functions.
• Know your units:
true vs. magnetic,
statute vs. nautical
Course To Steer
• Course To Steer gets you back to the
course line at a 45° intercept to try to
keep you out of trouble
Desired Course Line
Third Reef
On your nautical chart,
Determine the
Measure,
plot, labels
stick small
LAT/LON
for
and label
showing
the
Establish
a Waypoint
each
Waypoint
your
course
XTE safety
Number
beside each
and
establish
lines.
zone WPT.
Waypoints
Update
your in
your
GPS.
Trip
Log.
WP 3
WP 2
WP 1
ANIMATION
Plotting GPS Positions
• Check your location periodically
so that you will have a last known
position in the event of GPS
receiver failure.
• Always plot your trips on a
nautical chart. I use MAPTECH.
• Always prepare a Trip Log.
GPS Tips
NEVER rely on any
one means of
navigation.
GPS Tips
• Use hand-held GPS units as backups
to ship-mounted units.
Carry extra batteries
• Always use conventional paper
charts with your GPS.
GPS Tips
• Practice use of GPS during ideal
conditions to ensure familiarity with
controls and procedures.
• Keep the GPS Operation Manual
aboard and read it carefully to master
the essential features of your GPS-there may not be time to do this in an
emergency.
• Be patient but consistent.
• It is important to
check your chart
before establishing
WPTs.
• If the course crosses
an island, the GPS
receiver will direct
you to navigate into
this hazard.
WPT 02
WPT 01
Why create a route?
• Routes are lists of sequential
waypoints.
• GPS can automatically advance
you to the next waypoint.
WP 4
• Routes can be reversed to retrace
your original track.
• Routes keep you from wandering
into danger and shorten distance
traveled
WP 1
WP 3
WP 2
WP 4
Editing Routes
• GPS receivers should allow you to
WPT 3
delete, move, or append
waypoints.
• In this case:
WPT 2 has been deleted.
WPT 2
WPT 3 has been moved.
WPT 4 has been appended.
WPT 2
WPT 1
WPT 3
ROUTE Navigation
• Used by boats under
power when they have to
stay in a channel or follow
an exact course line
• Useful functions:
– Cross Track Error (XTE)
– Course To Steer (CRS)
– Time To Go (TTG)
– Automatic course
change at next
waypoint (WPT)
– Total distance to end of
route (DTG)
– Total time to end of
route.
WPT 2
WPT 1
Danger
Bearings
BEARING with DANGER
TO STARBOARD
Good place for
a waypoint.
BEARING with DANGER
TO THE RIGHT
005
BEARING with DANGER
TO THE RIGHT
BEARING FROM BOAT TO
ATON IS LESS THAN
DANGER BEARING - DANGER
BEARING with DANGER
TO STARBOARD
BEARING FROM BOAT TO
ATON IS MORE THAN
DANGER BEARING - OK
BEARING with DANGER
TO PORT
007
BEARING with DANGER
TO THE LEFT
BEARING with DANGER
TO THE LEFT
BEARING FROM BOAT TO
ATON IS MORE THAN
DANGER BEARING -
DANGER
BEARING with DANGER
TO THE LEFT
BEARING FROM BOAT TO
ATON IS NO MORE THAN
DANGER BEARING -
OK