Transcript No Slide Title

First Responder Awareness Level
Training
UNIT 1 - “Preparation”
Capt. Mike Feeley, EMT-BA
Ken Hendricks, Ed.S, NREMTP
March 2008
Unit Objectives
• Identify OSHA and EPA training
requirements
• Identify the role of the Awareness Level
First Responder
Hazardous Materials
• Defined in numerous ways
– U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)
– U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
– U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA)
• Simplified Definition
• Extremely Hazardous Substances
Hazardous Materials Incidents
“Haz-Mat” incidents are unique
incidents. They require specialized
protective measures not normally
available to first responders AND
they demand a different operational
approach!
Mechanisms of Harm
T.E.A.M. C.P.R.
Thermal
Etiological
Asphyxiation
Mechanical
Chemical
Psychological
Radiological
Public Safety “Duty to Act”
• Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.
• Your level of involvement is defined by your
employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).
• The actions you are expected to take should be in
Standard Operating Procedure format.
• NEVER exceed your level of training and
protection!
Awareness Level Response Goals
Recognition
Isolation
Protection
Notification
North American Emergency
Response Guidebook
(NERG)
• Your tool for success.
• Every emergency vehicle should have a copy.
• Purpose:
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An aid for identification of the material involved.
Outlines basic initial actions.
Recommends protective action areas.
Serves as an initial incident safety plan.
Legal Mandates
• Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization
Act of 1986 (SARA 1986).
• SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to
develop safety regulations for responders.
• SARA Title III requires local communities and
facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous
materials emergencies.
Hazardous Waste Operations and
Emergency Response (HazWOpER)
• OSHA and EPA’s safety standard which was
developed in accordance with the mandate
of SARA Title I, Section 126.
• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and
EPA 40 CFR 311.
Five Levels of Training
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First Responder Awareness Level
First Responder Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Technician
Hazardous Materials Specialist
Hazardous Materials Incident Commander
Operational Modes
• Awareness and Operational level responders
take DEFENSIVE actions.
• Technicians and Specialists take
OFFENSIVE actions.
• The Incident Commander coordinates the
response and is ultimately responsible for
safety.
Unit Summary
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Definition and difference
T.E.A.M. C.P.R. lists the potential hazards
Duty to Act
Four roles for awareness responders R.I.P. NOT!
Employer’s Emergency Response Plan
Five levels of training
Two operational modes
First Responder Awareness Level
Training
Unit 2 - “Hazard Identification”
Unit 2 - Hazard Identification
Unit Objectives:
- Identify the six clues to the presence
of hazardous materials.
- Identify the various hazard classes of
hazardous materials.
- Describe ways in which you can
determine the specific identity of a
hazardous material.
Remember your four goals!
Recognition
Isolation
Protection
Notification
Six Basic Clues to Recognition
1 - Occupancy and location
2 - Container shape and size
3 - Placards and labels
4 - Shipping papers/facility
documents
5 - Markings and colors
6 - Human senses
Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location
(where is the situation?)
• Specific occupancy or general
area
• Fixed facilities
• Five modes of hazardous
materials transportation
– Rail, air, marine, highway and
pipeline
• Drug lab considerations
Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size
• Classifications
– Every Good Lady Should Carry Pretty Roses
Carry Out
– Portable, fixed or transportation
• Pressure
– Non-pressurized, low or high pressure
• Vapor Pressure and Storage
– The higher the pressure, the greater the
potential for catastrophic failure
– BLEVE
Clue # 3 - Placards and Labels
• Placards and their limitations
– Not always required
– The 1000 pound rule
• Placards and labels used for transport
are based upon DOT Hazard Class
• Nine Hazard Classes
– Every good lady should order pretty
roses carry out
– Subdivided into divisions
– Refer to page 11 or 14 of 1996 ERG
Hazard Classes
Every Good Lady Should Order Pretty Roses
Carry Out
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Class 1 – Explosive
Class 2 – Gases
Class 3 – Liquid
Class 4 – Solids
Class 5 – Oxidizer
Class 6 _ Poisons
Class 7 _ Radioactive
Class 8 _ Corrosives
Class 9 _ ORM (other regulated materials)
Hazard Class 1 - Explosives
• Subdivided into 6 divisions
1.1 - Mass explosion hazard
1.2 - Projectile hazard
1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile
1.4 - Minor explosion
1.5 - Very insensitive explosives
1.6 - Extremely insensitive
Hazard Class 2 - Gases
• Pressurized or liquified
– Compressed nitrogen and liquified petroleum
gases (LPG) are examples
• Product and container present hazards
• Three Subdivisions
– 2.1 - Flammable gases
– 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous
– 2.3 - Poisonous Gases
Hazard Class 3 Flammable/Combustible Liquids
• Flammable Liquids can be
ignited at room temperature
• Combustible Liquids require
some degree of pre-heating to
ignite
• Number 1 rule - eliminate
ignition sources
Hazard Class 4 - Flammable
Solids
• Three subdivisions
4.1 - Flammable Solids
4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible
4.3 - Dangerous when wet
Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and
Organic Peroxides
• Oxidizers release oxygen to
enhance or intensify burn
• With strong fuels, oxidizers can
create conditions which which
can lead to violent combustion
• Many Organic Peroxides are
very unstable
Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and
Infectious Substances
• Poisonous to human
– Can include severely irritating
substances
– “Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid,
Carbon Tetrachloride
• Infectious Substances
– Potential to cause diseases in
humans
– Anthrax, human blood and many
body fluids
Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive
Materials
• Ionizing radiation hazard
• Exposure does not always
result in contamination
• Safety Rules:
– Time, Distance and Shielding
• Shipped in specialized
containers
Hazard Class 8 - Corrosives
Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous
Hazardous Materials
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ORM A - Dry Ice
ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury
ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts
ORM D - Consumer commodities
ORM E - Hazardous substances and
hazardous wastes
Pesticide Labels
• Product name
• Active ingredients
• Signal word
– Caution
– Warning
– Danger (Poison)
• Precautionary statements
Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and
Facility Documents
MODE
CALLED
LOCATION
Rail
Waybill and
Cosist
With crew
Highway
Bill of Ladding
Driver / on seat
or door pocket
Air
Airbill
Pilot
Pipeline
Marker
At cross with
other mode of
transport
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
• Required to be maintained by the Federal
Hazard Communication Standard and The
Florida Right-to-Know Law
• Found at fixed facilities
• Provides a variety of information
• Emergency Response Plans (ERP)
• Emergency Action Plans (EAP)
Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors
• Container colors are not always
standardized
• UN/NA identification numbers
• NFPA 704 Diamond
• Military markings
Clue # 6 - Human Senses
High
RISK
LEVEL
Low
TASTE
TOUCH
SMELL
SIGHT
SOUND
Methods of Identification
• Once you recognize, try to identify
• Location of material name
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Shipping papers
MSDSs (fixed facilities)
Facility Pre-Plans
Employees and bystanders
• If you cannot safely identify, try to classify
the material into a hazard class
Unit Summary
• Goals of recognition and identification
– Recognize, Classify, Identify
• Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials
– Occupancy and location, container shape and size,
placards and labels, shipping papers and facility
documents, markings and colors, the human senses
• There are nine general classes of hazardous
materials
First Responder Awareness Level
Training
Unit 3 - “Taking Control”
Objectives
• Identify the procedures for
initiating your Emergency
Response Plan.
• Identify the proper procedures for
implementing protective action
distances.
• Take actions necessary to properly
isolate the incident.
Steps for Proper Use of the NERG
• Recognize & Identify Hazardous Materials
– Name
– Four digit ID number
– Placard description
• Look up the guide page number
• Take basic protective actions according to the
guide page
• Initiate isolation and evacuation according to
protective action distances
Colors & Section of the NERG
Yellow Border - - - ID Number Index of the
Material
Blue Border - - - Name of the Material Index
Orange - - - Number Guide of Potential
Hazards
Green - - - Table of Evacuation Distances
Special Cautions of the NERG
• If the guide number is supplemented with the letter
“P”, it indicates that the material may undergo violent
polymerization if subjected to heat or contamination.
• If the index entry is highlighted (in either yellow or
blue), it is a TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) material,
a chemical warfare agent or a Dangerous Water
Reactive Material (produces toxic gas upon contact
with water).
Page 1
Special
Cautions
of the
NERG
Basic Protective Actions
• Your approach
• Your main objectives
– Isolate
– Protect by preventing
contamination
– Initiate your Emergency
Response Plan (Notify)
Proper Guide Page Use
Table of Protective Action Distances
Protective Action Options
• Shelter in-place
– Short duration incidents
– Greater hazard to attempt to
move
– Impractical to evacuate
• Evacuation
– Potential for massive fire or
explosion
– Long duration incidents
Emergency Response Information
• Firefighting
– Definition of “Haz-Mat Fire”
– Defensive Vs. Offensive
– Role of the awareness responder
• Spill / Leak Control
– Not an awareness level role
• First Aid
– Remember to prevent secondary contamination
Summary
• ERG provides Guidelines
• You can find a guide page by:
– Name, ID number or Placard comparison
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Basic instructions - page 1
Two indexes
Orange guide pages
Green protective action pages
First Responder Awareness Level
Training
Unit 4 - “Termination”
Objectives
• Identify the three actions necessary
for proper termination
• Identify the information that should
be received by responders during
on-scene debriefing
Reasons for Termination
• Required by OSHA
• Relates important
information to the
responders
• Insures exposures are
documented
• Insures that we improve
our future responses
Steps to Proper Termination
• On-scene debriefing
• Incident critique
• After action analysis
Mike’s Summary
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Know what it means to be awareness/Ops level
Know what resources you have for hazmat incidents – local, federal, shipper etc
Knowledge of: containers and material involved, able to know how to collect hazmat
info from multiple resources, predict behavior of material, estimate potential harm
Understand how to plan a response, protect yourself, and control to your level of
training
Planned response
– Seen control measures, (hot- warm- cold zones) Decon is set up on the warm zone
– Establish IC system for scene control/Mgmnt
– Only act to your level of training
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Evaluate progress- are you helping or hindering
Identify container types
– Drums, trailer types, placards, un #s
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Identify and know the hazard classes – Every good lady should order pretty roses
carry out
Identify terrorist and criminal incident
Utilize the ICS command system to maintain control
Wind
5-10 mph
Friday afternoon 2:30 car cut
Off a semi going north causing
Semi to flip on its side. Local Truck
Driver is unconscious and
Old man in car is having chest
Pain & passenger is OK. You are first in unit,,
How would you manage this scene
scenario
1203
bystandard
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Identify product
What are your considerations
Where do you set up IC/MIC
What resources do you use
Where is Dcon set up
Copyright AMG 2008