Transcript Climate and Meteorology Lesson 01: Water Cycle

States of Water
Solid
Liquid
Gas
When a sample of water changes
from a solid to a liquid, how much
does the mass change?
Mass is greater in the solid state than it is in the liquid
state
B. Mass is great in the liquid state than it is in the solid
state
C. Mass is equal in the solid and liquid states.
A.
Law of Conservation of Mass
 The law of conservation of matter means that matter
is not lost during a change in the state of water.
Therefore, mass is not lost during a change in the
state of water.
Where Can Water be Found?
 Hydrosphere: All
the water on or
beneath Earth's
surface
Where Can Water be Found?
 Biosphere: All the
living things on Earth
and their
environments
Where Can Water be Found?
 Geosphere: The solid
part of Earth including
all rocks and mineral
Where Can Water be Found?
 Water Cycle: the movement and storage of water
between Earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere, and
geosphere
Properties of Water
 Molecule The smallest particle of a substance that
retains the chemical and physical properties of the
substance and is composed of two or more atoms
 Billions and Billions of water molecules come together
to form bodies of water such as rivers and lakes.
Movement of Water
Play video –
http://learn.flvs.net/webdav/educator_ess_v11/climatem
eteorology/mod_flash/3-states-of-water/3-states-ofwater.html
Parts of the Water Cycle
Human Impacts
 What are some ways that humans can have an affect on
the water cycle?
1. Go to the “Assessments” tab:
2. Click on the “S1 Climate and Meteorology 01: Water Cycle ”
3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click
“submit”.
The Atmosphere
 A protective layer of gases that surrounds the Earth
like an envelop
How do you think the atmosphere
protects the biosphere, geosphere,
and water cycle?
Composition of the Atmosphere
Structure of the Atmosphere
 The effects of gravity, solar radiation, and the
properties of the gases cause the atmosphere to be
layered.
These layers are ordered
based on their temperature
and density
Exosphere
Thermosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Atmospheric Pressure
 Air pressure is the force exerted on you by the weight
of tiny particles of air (air molecules).
Why role does gravity play?
How does altitude affect air pressure?
Tools for Measuring Air Pressure
 Barometer - Liquid mercury inside a long
glass tube moves up and down based on the
force of the atmosphere on the liquid.
What happens to the weather and temperature
as the barometric pressure increases or
decreases?
Air Pressure Lab
Earth’s Winds
Wind Energy
 What can wind be used for?
 What are some advantages and disadvantages of wind
energy?
1. Go to the “Assessments” tab:
2. Click on the “S1 Climate and Meteorology 02: The Atmosphere ”
3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click
“submit”.
So What is the Difference?
Collecting Weather Data
Method
Type of Data
Thermometer
Temperature
Barometer
Air Pressure
Hygrometer
Humidity
Anemometer and Wind
Vane
Wind Speed and Direction
Cloud Type and Cover
Types of Clouds and %
coverage
Rain gauge
Amount of Precipitation
Image
Weather Maps
On March 11, 2010, how many of
Florida’s temperature readings
for the daily high temperature
were above average?
Hint: Compare the top numbers in
Map 1 with the climate data for the
mean daily maximum temperatures
for Florida in Map 2.
What can you infer about
the weather on March 11,
2010, compared with
Florida’s expected climate
in March? Was it warmer or
colder than usual?
Hint: Compare the data on
Map 1 with the data on Map 2
and Map 3.
Weather Records
 Weather data can be collected to make climate maps.
 Predicting future climate events, such as droughts, can
be easier.
 Collecting weather records can help scientists see
patterns in the weather.
Climate Zones
 A climate zone is an area on Earth with similar
temperature and precipitation patterns.
 Climate Zones affect the Biosphere
 There are three types of zones
Polar
Temperate
Tropical
Temperate
Polar
Tropical Climate Zones
Type
Annual
Precipitation
Description
Examples of life
Tropical Rain
Forest
High
Lush, dense, high
diversity
Monkeys , tree frogs,
parrots, orchids,
mahogany trees
Deserts
Low
Dry soil conditions
Cactus, small bushes,
lizards, small rodents,
camels
Savanna
Alternating
highs and lows
Wet and dry
seasons
Small shrubs, tall
grasses, lions, giraffes,
elephants
Temperate Climate Zones
Type
Annual
Grasslands
Precipitation
Grasslands
Variable
Description
Wet and dry
Temperate Forests
seasons
Examples of life
Prairie grasses,
wildflowers, small
rodents, bison, foxes
Temperate
Sufficient
Chaparral
Forest
Relatively
consistent amount
of water
Deer, bear, migrating
birds, deciduous trees
Chaparral
Very hot and dry
Thick leaves, small
shrubs, coyotes,
alligators, cattle, large
birds
Low
Polar Climate Zones
Type
Taiga
Tundra
Taiga
Annual
Precipitation
Form of snow
Low
Description
Mild summers,
Tundra
long cold winters
Examples of life
Pine trees, wolves,
moose, and elk
Colder than Taiga, Moss, small flowers,
ground
polar bears, caribou,
permanently frozen arctic foxes
Weathering in the Geosphere
1. Go to the “Assessments” tab:
2. Click on the “S1 Climate and Meteorology 03: Weather vs. Climate ”
3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click
“submit”.