Transcript Slide 1

The Economic Crisis and Safety and
Health at Work - Global and
European Trends
3-5 November 2009
Düsseldorf, Germany
Jukka Takala
Director
Summary
 Safety and Health Trends and Facts in Europe and in the
World
 Pan-European Opinion Poll on Safety and Health at Work
 Economic Crisis and it’s impact on working conditions
 Better data, attributable fractions, national surveys and
studies on all work-related safety and health issues
required
 Economic factors
 Good practices and campaigns, Risk Assessment, Napo for
Chemical labelling and other future issues
2
Protecting worker health in a globalised
but increasingly fragmented world…
3
… needs better integrated OSH
prevention and information systems
4
Safety and Health Trends in Europe
and
in the World
5
Work-related Annual Deaths – World
Deaths attributed to work, 2.3 million/year
0.4%
1%
1%
18%
17%
32%
23%
8%
Communicable diseases
Respiratory Diseases
Mental Disorders
Genitourinary system
Cancer
Circulatory diseases
Digestive systems diseases
Accidents and violence
Sources: Hämäläinen P, Takala J,
6
Saarela KL; TUT, ILO, EU-OSHA, 2008
Work-related Annual Deaths – EU-27
Deaths attributed to work, 167 000/year
1%
4%
0.4%
5%
3%
23%
6%
Communicable diseases
Respiratory Diseases
Mental Disorders
Genitourinary system
57%
Cancers
Circulatory diseases
Digestive systems diseases
Accidents and violence
Sources: Hämäläinen P, Takala
7 J,
Saarela KL; TUT, ILO, EU-OSHA
ILO Estimates
Country
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Total EU 27
World
Fatal
Total
accidents
employment
reported
(econom ically
active for World)
(ILO 2003)
3,798,400
4,070,400
2,834,000
327,100
4,733,000
2,692,500
594,300
2,385,000
24,630,900
36,172,000
4,103,900
3,921,900
1,836,000
22,133,000
1,006,900
1,438,000
293,400
147,042
7,935,000
13,617,000
5,127,700
9,222,500
2,164,600
896,000
17,295,900
4,234,000
27,820,800
205,431,242
2,916,352,037
103
114
8
199
31
43
661
133
65
916
41
117
16
12
515
418
94
40
722
174
4,422
18,067
Fatal
accidents,
estimate
ILO 2003
227
84
288
10
245
51
38
49
782
901
68
164
80
991
50
144
7
15
104
633
346
1,016
116
49
722
56
224
7,460
357,948
Accidents
causing 3+
days' absence
Estimate 2003
213,419
78,974
270,674
9,251
230,128
47,949
35,849
46,068
735,214
847,094
63,932
153,804
75,167
931,709
47,413
135,301
6,581
13,877
97,778
595,557
325,299
955,493
108,704
46,257
678,803
52,650
210,598
7,013,545
336,532,471
ILO Estimate
Work-related
diseases
2,820
2,893
2,006
242
3,648
2,026
683
1,862
19,279
28,568
3,203
4,507
1,333
16,987
1,157
1,652
139
113
5,949
10,357
3,888
6,059
1,607
681
13,887
3,163
20,778
159,485
1,945,115
Deaths
ILO Estimate caused by
Work-related dangerous
mortality
substances
3,047
1,318
2,977
1,353
2,294
898
252
113
3,893
1,706
2,077
947
721
309
1,911
871
20,061
9,014
29,469
13,358
3,271
1,498
4,670
1,950
1,413
623
17,978
7,943
1,207
527
1,796
769
146
65
128
53
6,053
2,782
10,990
4,637
4,234
1,818
7,075
2,712
1,722
719
730
318
14,609
6,493
3,219
1,479
21,002
9,716
166,945
9 73,989
2,303,063
651,279
EU Accident Fatality Rate
Standardised* Incidence Rate of fatal accidents at work /100,000 workers in
Europe by member state, 2006 (source:EUROSTAT)
http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/european/fatal.htm
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U.K. Data – Model for others?
www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/history/index.htm
Key facts 2006 – Key Facts 2007
• 2.0 million people were suffering from an illness they believe was caused or
made worse by their current or past work. 2.1 million in 2007
• Musculoskeletal disorders were by far the most common with 1 020 000
people suffering – 1 144 000, followed by stress, depression or anxiety
with 420 000 people - 530 000.
• 523 000 were new (incidence) cases of work-related illness 646 000. In
terms of people working in the last 12 months, this equates to a rate of 1600
per 100 000 people – 2100/ 100 000.
• Stress, depression or anxiety and musculoskeletal disorders accounted
for a large proportion of new cases, 195 000 and 190 000 respectively –
247 000 and 245 000.
• 299 000 non-fatal reportable injuries occurred – 274 000, a rate of 1100
per 100 000 workers – 1 000/ 100 000.
• 30 million working days were lost overall - 36 million (1.3 days per worker
1.5/ worker), 24 million due to work-related illness – 30 million and 11
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million due to workplace injury – 6 million.
Magnitude of non-fatal
work-related illnesses
Source:
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/product_details/publication?p_product_code=KS-SF-09-063
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Magnitude of non-fatal
work-related illnesses and
accidents
Expected 678,803,
reported 872, 610
accidents in Spain,
ILO 2003
680 000
accidents
in Spain,
LFS 2007
More than
1.1 million
in Spain,
LFS 2007
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8,6% of workers in the EU-27 experienced
a work-related health problem
15
Outcomes of main work-related health problems
EU-27, percent of those who
reported problems
Limitations in everyday activities
Sickness absence > 1 month
16
OSH exposure trends – Europe,
Established Market Economies
 Exposures and attributable fractions (AF) for workrelated mortality
o Work-related cancer AF=8.4% (13.8 male, 2.2% female)
o Asbestos, Europe: first up -2015 then down; lung cancer
and mesothelioma AF=15% (Australia), 12.2% (Finland)
o External tobacco (passive) smoke, lung cancer and
circulatory diseases, many countries up, some others
down, AF lung cancer = 2.0-4.0%
o Fatal accidents, stable or slight decrease
o All accidents, down (target 25%), but baseline unclear for
many countries
o Circulatory diseases, AF=12.4% (14.4% m, 6.7% f)
o Absenteeism, depending on criteria, trend up, ca. 5%
o Work disability pensions, up increase, in particular, caused
by psychosocial factors and MSDs
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Pan-European opinion poll on
occupational safety and health
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Decisive factors when looking for
a new job – EU27
 If you were deciding whether to take a new job, which of the
following aspects would most influence your decision
• Safe and healthy working conditions
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Work as a cause of ill health – EU27
 In general, to what extent do you think that ill
health is caused by the job people have?
a great deal
4
1
4
2
2
6
2
2
9
2
3
8
1
5
9
2
3
11
to some extent
2
5
3
2
9
13
5
4
11
2
4
16
2
5
15
6
2
14
not really
8
2
3
12
13
9
40
44
not at all
4
6
15
6
4
16
3
5
don´t know / no answer
6
8
18
15
5
7
5
18
11
8
2
13
17
2
4
2
8
2
6
2
9
2
11
9
1
25
21
23
22
21
6
9
27
24
36
46
32
57
56
58
53
55
52
54
49
47
55
41
41
42
42
42
49
55
59
40
58
51
49
47
28
26
29
25
27
24
29
28
33
31
22
14
LT
SI
CY
IT
EL
46
45
16
16
43
41
30
53
EE NL
LU SE FR BE SK AT DE EU LV
27
FI
30
17
29
27
28
21
14
12
RO DK PT BG CZ UK ES
IE
PL 20
HU MT
Development of safety and
health risks – EU27
 Do you think that over the last 5 years health and safety at work in
your country has got…?
Pan-European opinion poll on occupational safety and health – June 2009
Percent
Difference to 100 percent: worse / much worse / don´t know / no answer; Universe: population aged 18+
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Better data, attributable fractions, national
surveys and studies on all work-related
safety and health issues required
22
Adapting to a changing
target group
 Economic structure
o Tertiarisation: usually implies fewer accidents but more
psychosocial factors and MSDs
 Employment structure
o Part-time, seasonal, temporary agency work,
subcontracting, self-employment, tele-work
 Legislation and best practice
o e.g., to encourage the integration of people with disabilities
at work
o requires more attention to workers’ health status
(including chronic diseases)
…about 50% of the reduction in non-fatal injury rate since
1986 is due to changes in occupations…
Globalisation leads to structural change that automatically
improves accident statistics – in the EU and other EME
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countries
Major causes of death by age
group, EU-25, 2001
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Work-related cancer
Self-reported work-related illness and
workplace injuries in 2006/07:
Results from the Labour Force Survey
http://osha.europa.eu/en/OSH_world_day/occupational_cancer
25
Attributable Fractions, 2008, lung cancer
1.
ETS (passive smoking) at work:
RR (relative risk)= 1.24 (CI 1.18- 1.29, meta-analysis 22 studies,
Stayner & others AJPH Jan 2007), for both m/f
Exposed in EU = 24.9% of male workers, 14.1 female workers
(EUROFOUND Dublin 2007)
AF = (1.24-1)/1.24 x 0.249 = 4.8% for males, (used 3 %)
AF = (1.24-1)/1.24 x 0.141 = 2.7% for females, (used 2 %)
2.
Asbestos and tobacco smoke (active smoking):
Asbestos alone RR = 2 - 5, smoking alone RR = 8-10,
Combined RR = 50-80
AF = 50-1/50 x exposed, used AF = 14.0% men, AF = 0.6% women
Combined low fiber exposure, low ETS exposure, huge group of
exposed AF=?
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OSH exposure trends – Europe and other
Established Market Economies
 Exposures and attributable fractions (AF) for
work- related mortality
o Work-related mortality
AF = 6.7% of all deaths are attributed to work
AF = 10.2 % male
AF = 2.1 % female
27
Magnitude
of problem
Work disability pensions in Finland
11% of those employed, main
diagnosis:
- mental disorders: 42.1 % of males, 46.1
of females
- musculoskeletal disorders: 21.6 % of
males, 26.8 of females:
42.3 % of males, 46.3 of
female disability pensions
21.7 of male , and 27.0 of
female disability pensions
All retired of ages 16-64 years: 17.7% of those employed
Absenteeism: ca. 5%
Unemployment: 6.4 % of work force (today some 8%)
Out of work: some 25% , this figure can be radically reduced by
targeted action to improve work and working conditions
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Work-related
cancer
Work-related
circulatory
Accidents
diseases
Asbestos
Lack of company
policy, man.system,
worker/employer
collaborative
Shift and night mechanism, poor
Poor quality
work, overwork safety culture
drinking water
Heavy lifting,
loads, shapes of
materials
Lack of control
Carcinogenic
substances,
processes, silica
and other dusts
Strain by high
demands, low Lack of knowledge, Poor sanitation
decision
solutions and good and sewage
making latitude practices
system
Repetitive
movements
Poor work-life
balance
Lack of guidance or
poor gvt policies,
Ionizing
poor legislation and
High injury risk
radiation,
poor enforcement
radioactive
and tripartite
materials
collaboration
Lack of incentivebased
UV-radiation
Chemicals
compensation
system
ETS (passive
ETS (passive
smoking at
Lack of or poor OH
smoking at work) work)
services
Diesel engine
Poor recording and
exhaust
nofification systems
Infectious and
parasitic
diseases
Musculoskeletal
disorders
Poor design of
Poor hygiene,
seats, tables,
lack of knowledge tools, processes
Protection against Low
animals, insects, temparatures,
snakes
vibration
Psychosocial
disorders
Poor
organisational
culture
Role ambiguity or
conflict, unclear
or changing
priorities
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Economic Factors and Impact of the
Crisis on Safety and Health
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Impact of the Economic
Crisis – UE27
 Do you expect or not that safety and health conditions at work
in your country might deteriorate due to the economic crisis?
a great deal
5
2
10
1
4
14
1
7
12
7
2
2
9
4
7
to some extent
3
7
1
7
3
2
7
not really
2
10
12
10
16
5
4
1
6
13
1
5
13
11
4
11
not at all
don't know / no answer
3
14
24
16
2
16
2
17
13
4
14
18
20
16
23
22
28
10
14
20
17
18
7
32
23
11
2
7
7
18
1
3
22
26
14
37
23
2
24
27
27
29
27
30
38
31
38
48
56
50
43
26
39
43
52
47
39
44
32
42
52
40
39
48
45
38
39
43
47
46
37
38
35
32
7
7
9
42
33
33
32
23
26
21
26
20
29
27
23
20
14
LT
43
SI
EL
EE SE PT
CY FR IT
BE LV
NL
21
21
15
13
RO HU ES
EU SK
27
IE
19
12
15
9
7
BG DE CZ FI
LU
AT
12
UK PL
DK MT
31
Impact of the Economic
Crisis
EFFECT
Trend
Accidents, overall number
Accident frequency, (less new/young workers)
Temporary work, contract work, part time work, selfemployment, fragmentation
Negative effects on health of restructuring
Female workers employment
Migrant workers, employment
Psychosocial disorders
Cardiovascular disorders, deaths
Risk of long-term disability, if more than 6m out
Working and OSH-Culture
32
Cost of injury and
illness, Australia,
March 2009
5.9% of the GDP
in Australia
Calculation by Australian
Government, source:
http://www.ascc.gov.au/
http://www.ascc.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/6F97309C-9A36-43DD-975C-B476A1752AB3/0/CostsofWorkRelatedInjuryAndDisease_Mar2009.pdf
33
Good practices and Campaigns,
Risk Assessment, NAPO for Chemical Safety,
and Other Future Issues
34
European Campaign on Risk
Assessment
 Risk assessment is the
cornerstone of managing health
and safety in the workplace
 We need to demystify it
 We need to show people how to
do it
 We need to remind people that
there is a legal obligation to
carry it out
 We need to emphasize that it is
an ongoing process
35
“Reduce burden on business” - Stoiber Group:
no written RA report –
exemption for SME’s
36
Healthy Workplace Initiative –
Campaign
Available in 14 languages:
English + 12 new Member
States + Croatian
http://hwi.osha.europa.eu/about/material/rat2007
37
Online RA tool consist of
Free interactive software;
Sector-specific;
Checklist with additional information;
Automatic generation of “to do” lists and plans of measures;
Automatic action plan could include: hazards, actions,
sorting on priority, person in charge, deadlines, updateable
status, …;
 An option to include additional risks to the
assessment on issues/hazards not covered
by the questions.
 Mobile component





38
Online RA tool consist of
Mobile component
39
Thank you
More information at:
Website
http://osha.europa.eu/
Risk assessment campaign website
http://hw.osha.europa.eu/
[email protected]
http://osha.europa.eu/en/blog
40