Transcript Document

Environmental Assessment of Mining and
Mining Waste - spatial planning and land
management perspective
4th European Congress on Regional Geoscientific
Cartography and Information Systems
Geoscientific information for spatial planning
Bologna, 17-20 June, 2003
Stefan Sommer European Commission
Tsehaie Woldai ITC
Gyozo Jordan European Commission
Introduction: impact assessment and spatial
planning problems specific to mining
PLANNING: DPSIR framework for mining impacts
demand for mineral
resources
DRIVING
RESPONSE
impact/risks reduction
regulations
good management practice
remediation
FORCES
mineral resource
exploitation
waste production
emissions
IMPACTS
source
PRESSURES
pollution
natural resource degradation
life quality degradation
landuse conflicts
pathway
natural background
historical pollution baseline
other landuses
receptor
STATE
Conceptual framework developed by EEA for environmental assessment and
reporting
PLANNING: Life Cycle Analysis
Life cycle of mineral commodity (on-site)
prospecting
treatment
extraction
storage
Life cycle of mine project
exploration
development
production
remediation
closing
PROBLEMS SPECIFIC TO MINING
1. Exploration: the geological environment
Spatial problem: 3D
Kisérleti fedés - 1999. május
D-i nyírószilárdság profil - "0" állapot
II.-3 II.-4 II.-1 II.-2
II.1
II.2
II.3
II.4
FOREGS
II.5
II.6
II.7
II.8
II.9 II.10 II.11
II.12
II.13
II.14
II.15
II.16
129 m
128 m
127 m
126 m
125 m
Underground: high information uncertainity
124 m
123 m
kN/m2
122 m
10 0
54
52
50
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
30
28
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20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
121m
120 m
119 m
118 m
0
Non-renewable natural resources
Natural background
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
2. Exploration:preparing for mining
Long-term exploration
environmental impacts
Investigations during mine
exploration project
collected data useful for environmental protection
3. Development and environmental planning
Mineral deposit  no alternatives for location
Mining:
brings infrastructure and
industry
secondary / indirect impacts
other industries: use
infrastructure
CLOSING !!
Concession right  actual mining: long-term delay
4. Operation
All mining projects are unique
(deposit type:confined vs. disperse, etc; open vs. underground; etc)
 Operation for several decades
pollution
• Natural background
• Baseline
HISTORIC MINING
 Processing in place
 Collected data useful for environmental protection
 Market  change of mineral mined
 Market  by-products
 Long-term suspension
change of
technology
5. Closing and Remediation
Reopening as market prices change
Huge amount of waste
Underground can never be fully restored
Perfect remediation impossible:
 Huge amount of waste
 Underground
 Natural background
Long-term monitoring
Spatial aspects for regional planning
3D problem
 geology, hydrogeology, mineral chemistry
 spatial uncertainty
PRESSURE Emissions
Hazard: local/point
source
RESPONSE Society
 Regional planning: SEIA
 Regional/EU legislation
REGIONAL
ASPECTS
STATE Environment
 Geology of mineral deposit
(natural background)
 Groundwater system
IMPACTS
 smelters (air)
 historic mine regions (soil,
water, society)
Session organisation
Number of
papers:
PLANNING
4
1
Oral
Poster
GIS
Remote Sensing
Environmental modeling
4
MAPPING 1
3
3
2
IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
Session organisation
09:00-09:10
G. Jordan, S. Sommer, T. Woldai Introduction: impact assessment and spatial
planning problems specific to mining
09:10-09:30
T. Hamor, J. Halmai Competing land-uses and the mineral extraction
industries: a legislation review
Tsehaie
09:30-09:50
S. V. Solar Long-term spatial planning and mineral resource management –
case study: aggregates in Slovenia
Woldai
09:50-10:10
S. Veliciu, P. Stratulat Inventory of metal mining wastes in Romania: a
methodological approach
10:10-10:30
S. Sommer, G. Bidoglio, M. D’Alessandro, G. Jordan, E. Puura, A. Vijdea
PECOMINES - linking watershed and regional scale models to the impact
assessment of mining activities
10:30-10:50
Coffee break
Convenor
Convenor
10:50-11:10
R. B. Wanty, B. R. Berger, B. A. Kimball, P. L. Verplanck, M. L. Tuttle Delineation
of environmental tracts in mineralised areas using geological criteria
11:10-11:30
T. Woldai, G. Rukezo Environmental impact study of the area around Rio
Tinto and the surrounding mines, SW Spain
11:30-11:50
M. J. Batista, A. J. Sousa, M. M. Abreu, M. Serrano Pinto Defintion of
anthropogenic and natural anomalies: an exercise in Neves Corvo mining region,
Portugal
11:50-12:10
D. Limpitlaw Mapping mining waste and environmental impacts in Zambia
with LANDSAT
12:10-12.30
S. Chevrel Remote sensing assessment and monitoring of environmental
impact of mining activities in various European vegetated environments…
12:30-12:50
K. Grösel, R. Belocky Mining site environmental assessement and revegetation planning utilizing advanced remote sensing techniques
Stefan
Sommer