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TRS as Measure of TF: Customs Experience in Asia Pacific Shujie ZHANG WCO Regional Office for Capacity Building (ROCB) May 20–22, 2009 Beijing, China Regional Policy Forum on Trade Facilitation and SMEs in Times of Crisis 20-22 May 2009, Beijing, China Against Crisis: Customs Action • Promotion of risk management and other trade facilitation measures • Customs-Customs cooperation • Consultations with trade policy ministries • Customs-Business partnerships • Coordinated border management • Deferred payment & Flexibility of guarantee (security) Sustain and promote growth of international trade which is in the benefits of the trade including SMEs * WCO Communication on the Global Financial Crisis for G20 Summit Customs Evolving Role Revenue Collection Duty Other Tax Protection Protection Economic Society Domestic DevelopIndustryment Drug Firearm AntiTrade Counter- Dumping Facilitation feit Duty Environ- etc. ment Security Statistic Protection Comp Global Trade Supply Statist Chain WCO Tools for TF Single Window SAFE Framework of Standards (AEO) Guideline on application of ICT WCO Data Model, UCR Time Release Study, Risk Management Guide Integrated Supply Chain Management Guide Revised Kyoto Convention, Mutual Administrative Assistance, Harmonized System, Rules of Origin, WTO Valuation, Istanbul/ATA, Container Convention, etc. Capacity Building World Customs Organization: Sole inter-governmental organization competent in Customs matters with 174 member administrations. Parties Involved in Importation Import License Customs Importer Customs Broker Airlines Border Police Quarantine s Shipping lines Food sanitation Agents Port Authority Immigration Forwarder Warehouse Banks Container Yards Brief Background of TRS Systematic and standard system to measure average time between arrival of goods and its release Two ways: manual (Japan) and automatic (Korea) First TRS by Japan and US (1991) TRS was adopted by WCO (1994) TRS Guideline updated by WCO (2002) TRS Software developed by WCO and the World Bank (2005) Why TRS To Customs & OGAs - Used as Trade Facilitatin Index & Clearance Quality Index - Identify bottlenecks/problems in clearance - Consider solutions to improve - Develop service charter To trade community - Predictability - Reduced time and cost of logistics TRS: Image Consumed Consumed by by Importer, Shipping company Customs broker Shipping agent Container Yard Port Authority, etc. OGAs, etc. Ship Arrival Unloading Consumed by Customs Bank Customs broker Declaration Consumed by Port Authority Container Yard Warehouse, Forwarder, etc. Permission Delivery Link to Other TF Indicators Doing Business Index Cross border Logistics Performan ce Index Time / procedures National competitiven ess Regional Situation of TRS National Level: Japan (Since 1991) Korea (Since 1998) Philippines (2002) Indonesia (2005) China (2006) Thailand (2006) Malaysia (2007) Australia (2008) Regional Level Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines East ASEAN Area (BIMPEAGA) (2009) Great Mekong Subregion (GMS) East West Economic Corridor (EWEC) (2009) Country Case: Japan 1991 47.6 94.5 45.2 84.9 1992 1993 39.4 63.7 13.1 Quantitative Evaluation 1996 35.4 49.5 10.2 (billion 35.1 yen) 1998 46.0 5.6 2001 31.1 37.8 4.9 th 2004 26.0 36.8 4.3 2006 26.84.4 33.7 3.3 26.1 Conduct regularly since 199119.8 Duration: 7 consecutive days (8 TRS: 13-19 March 2006) Geographical All regional 0 50 Scope:100 150 Customs Cargo owner 200 Arrival-Unload Unlord-Declaration Declaration-Permission (At least one sea port). Types of goods: All cargoes. Shipping company and others Choice of Traffic: Sea and Air 35.6 Choice of Customs Office: 22 major sea ports and 4 major air ports. Source: Ministry of Finance, Japan (2004 year basis) 1991 8 .7 1992 8 .6 1993 3 .5 2001 3 .5 2 .6 2 0 0 6 1 .2 0 1 .6 3 4 .6 6 .7 1998 2 .3 4 2 .7 7 .5 1996 2004 4 1 .6 1 .6 3 7 .9 2 7 .3 0 .7 2 1 .6 1 4 .0 1 2 .8 1 .8 0 .6 0 .4 0 .4 10 Arrival- Un load 20 30 Un lord- De c laration 40 50 De c laration - Pe rmis s ion 60 ROCB Support TRS Workshop TRS Workshop TRS Workshop Bank (2009) TRS Workshop TRS Workshop for GMS EWEC (Jun.2009) in Thailand (2006) in China (2006) in Lao PDR, in cooperation with World for BIMP-EGGA (Mar.2009) Developed “Regional Best Practice Compendium on TRS” (2007) Implications on Policy Political commitment and will must be obtained. The purpose must be clearly defined as for what data, by who and through what methodology Close cooperation among relevant governmental agencies and support from private sector is necessary. The results should be used wisely and effectively. Integrate TRS with other Customs modernization initiatives. Shujie ZHANG Technical Attaché WCO ROCB (Bangkok) [email protected] [email protected] http://www.wcoomd.org/home_wco_topics_ pfoverviewboxes_tools_and_instruments_ pftoolstimerelease.htm