Radical Revolution and Reaction
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Transcript Radical Revolution and Reaction
Radical Revolution and
Reaction
11-2
Move to Radicalism
Unrest
Food shortages
Military setbacks
Rumors of royalist conspiracies
Aug 1792—monarchy over
Minster of justice, George Danton, rallied sans-culottes
attacked palace
King and family had to seek refuge with the Legislative
Assembly
Radicalism
Panic and fear
Imprisoned nobles and traitors suspected to be conspiring
to defeat the revolution
Violence in Sept left thousands dead
The First Republic
New elected National Convention members (Sept 1792)
Draft new constitution
They are the ruling body of France
Comprised of lawyers, professionals, and property owners
2/3 are under 45
Abolished monarchy and established a republic French
Republic
The Fate of the King
Political Clubs
Girondins
Outside Paris
Feared radical mobs
Wanted to keep king alive
Jacobins The Mountain (radical faction)
Wanted to execute king (might rally opponents)
Inside Paris
The Fate of the King
Factions tried to influence independents
1793 Convention convinced to behead king
Jan 21, 1793 Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
beheaded by guillotine
Creates new enemies home and abroad
This is a continuation of the trend towards radicalism
Crises and Responses
Girondins and The Mountain (Jacobins) have many
disputes which prevents a new constitutions from being
writen
Paris Commune wanted Nation Convention to be more
radical
Price controls on food
Universal male suffrage
Crises and Responses
(con’t)
Peasants in west France and inhabitants of major
provincial cities refused to accept authroity of the
Convention
Uprisings
Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain, and Dutch
Republic took up arms vs. France
Looked bad for rebels
Crises and Responses
(con’t)
Domestic uprising and external threats led the National
Convention to give the Committee of Public Safety
broad powers
Georges Danton
Then, Maximilien Robespierre (a Jacobin)