Transcript Document

Benchmarking Business Performance
Best Practice Examples
Omar L. Hassouneh
M.Sc. Environmental Engg.
Future Environment
Objectives
• What is Environmental Benchmarking? Why is it
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Important?
Why to Enhance your Environmental Business
Performance?
What is an Environmental Performance
Indicator?
How to Benchmark your Environmental
Business Performance?
Does it Worth the Effort?
Where does Jordan Stand?
Environment-Related Indices
- Prescott-Allen’s Wellbeing Index
- Consultative Group on Sustainable
Development Indicators (CGSDI)
- Redefining Progress Institute (the
Ecological Footprint index)
- GLTETF/World Economic Forum,
Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI)
ESI-2002
Sixty Eight (68) parameters within Five
(5) components:
– Environmental Systems;
– Environmental Stresses;
– Human Vulnerability;
– Social and Institutional Capacity; and
– Global Stewardship
Total 142 Countries
Finland (1st) ESI 73.9
Jordan (53rd)
ESI 51.7
http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/indicators/ESI
Key Common Parameters
• Significant Positive Correlation with
GDP
• Innovative Responses Development
• Private Sector Responsiveness
Environment-Related Regulations Examples
• Law of Protection of the Environment, Law
No. 12, 1995;
• Clear Air By Law (Under Development)
• Solid Waste Management By Law (U.D.)
• Water Protection By Law (U.D.)
• Greenhouse Emissions By Law (U.D.)
• Regulation for the Limitation of and
Precaution from Noise
Environment-Related Standards Examples
• Pollutants Ambient Air Quality Standard
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JS 1140/1996
Reclaimed Domestic Waste Water JS
893/2002
Industrial Wastewater JS 202/2003
(Under Revision)
Pollutants Maximum Allowable Limits of
Air Pollutants Emitted from the Stationary
Sources JS 1189/1991
How to Measure your
Environmental Performance?
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Analyze your Process
Determine points of pollutants generation
Determine Environmental Performance Indicators
Define normalization factors (relate to production
size)
Determine Pollution Contribution for each of the
Processes
Find Best Available Technology (BAT) values for EPIs
Monitor Performance and Analyze Results
Compare to Competitors Performance
Continually Improve your Performance
Process Analysis
“Determine EPI’s”
Compare to
Competitors
(Benchmark)
Monitor and
Evaluate
Performance
SMART
Set Targets
Implement
Input
Quantity
Units
Price
Units
Wastewater
Quantity/Volume
m3/year
COD
mg/l
BOD5
mg/l
TDS
mg/l
JD/ton
Solid Waste
Hazardous Solid Waste
tons/year
JD/ton
Solid Waste for Landfill
tons/year
JD/ton
Solid Waste for Recycling
tons/year
JD/ton
Product Type 1
tons/year
JD/ton
Product Type 2
tons/year
JD/ton
Product Type 3
tons/year
JD/ton
Product Type 4
tons/year
JD/ton
Production
Data Analysis-Example
Process 1
Quantity
Water
Consumption, m3/ton
COD, mg/l
Energy
Electricity, GJ/ton
Fuel, GJ/ton
Solid Waste
Hazardous SW, ton/ton
Air Emissions
CO2, ton/ton
%of total
Process 2
Quantity
%of total
Total
Quantity
Performance Evaluation
EPI
New Value
Old Value
BAT
Action
Water Cons., m3/ton
Energy Cons., GJ/ton
CO2 Emission, ton/ton
Hazardous SW, ton/ton
Total Water Consumption
200
150
100
50
0
New
Old
BAT
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
COD Emission
250
kg/tonne produced
250
m 3/tonne produced
GJ/tonne produced
Total Energy Consumption
New
Old
BAT
200
150
100
50
0
New
Old
BAT
Economic Value
EPI
Water Cons., m3/ton
COD, mg/l
Electricity Cons., kW/ton
Fuel Cons., GJ/ton
CO2 Emission, kg/ton
NOx Emissions, kg/ton
Hazardous SW, ton/ton
EPI Value, JD EPI Value EPI BAT Potential
Savings
General Tips and Techniques
• Water Conservation
– Proper production management procedures
– Reuse rinsing and cooling water
– Use separate streams for chemicals flow (GHK)
• Water Characterization
– Avoid using chemicals wherever possible
– Use biodegradable chemicals
– Accurately adjust chemicals dosing system
Tips and Techniques
(Cont.)
• Energy Conservation
– Segregate cold and hot water streams for heat
recovery
– Insulate pipes and machinery to minimize heat
losses
– Monitor machines performance
– Optimize tasks scheduling to minimize energy
consumption
– Consider the use of devices of low energy
ration
Tips and Techniques
(Cont.)
• Solid Waste Minimization
– Consult your vendor for using biodegradable
and/or less volume packaging material
– Minimize the use of disposable
materials/containers
– Segregate hazardous solid waste by special
containers
– Separate different types of domestic solid
waste
Case 1: Chemicals Industry
• Large amounts of
particulates emission.
Exceeding the
thresholds of JS
1140/1996.
Problem Analysis
• Company’s Capital Investment: JDM1.5
• Problem: Large amounts of particulates
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emission. Exceeding standards thresholds of air
emissions (JS 1140/1996).
Investigation: Measure particulates (PM10)
concentration in different units to determine
contribution of each unit.
Result: Powder detergent filling unit produces
45% of total particulates emissions.
Solution
• Isolate Powder Filling Unit and install bag
filters at unit ventilation points.
• Install vacuum feeding machine to feed
the filling machine directly from the mixer.
• Contact vendor to provide raw material in
barrels instead of bags.
• Set a preventive maintenance program to
ensure filling machine efficiency.
Results
• A total investment of US$70,000 was
required to install air filtration system.
• Actual investment of US$8,000.
• Reduced particulates emissions by 70%.
• Improved the powder detergents unit
performance by 5% (wasted raw material)
Case 2: Gas Industry-Energy
Conservation
• A monthly electricity
bill that exceeds
JD10,000 (20% of the
plant operating cost).
Problem Analysis
• Company’s Capital Investment: JDM 0.5
• Year of establishment: 1976
• Problem: High electrical energy consumption
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(≈JD10,000) forming 20% of the plant operating
expenses.
Investigation:
– Review the design of the available equipment to
ensure no over-sizing.
– Deliver an energy audit to measure the power
performance of available equipment.
– Determine the high electricity consuming
equipment/facilities and propose modifications.
Findings and Solutions
• Air compressors and refrigeration system are the
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major energy consuming facilities.
Monitored the performance of these equipment
and determined their power factors.
Set procedures for the operation of the
equipment away from the Maximum Demand
Period (reduced penalties).
Used low power ration equipment.
Set a system for plant GHK and internal
management.
Results
• Minor investment required (≈JD6,000)
• First three months bill: JD6,800-JD7,900
(no major change to plant productivity)
Economic Value-Example
“Best Management Practices for Pollution Prevention in the Textile Industry” EPA, 1996.
Economic Value-Example
(Cont.)
Process
Description
Bath
Water Use,
Ration gal/lb
% Change
from Standard
Water saving
gal/lb (wool
washing)
Standard 3-Step
drop/fill
1:8
1.62
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Three Step
drop/fill, Reuse
bath 2
1:8
1.19
-26.5
(0.265*34.1)
9.04
Three Step Reuse 1:8
baths 2 and 3
0.75
-53.7
(0.537*34.1)
18.31
Economic Value-Example
(Cont.)
Fabric Flow
Raw
Water
Water Flow
Estimated Investment: US$50,000
Annual Estimated Savings: US$95,000/yr (Production
dependent)