Transcript Slide 1
The Hopi people of the Southwest Region Hopi means “good, peaceful, or wise.” What region is home to the Hopi? Inuits Kwakiutl Nez Perce Hopi Grand Canyon Grand Canyon Where the Hopis settled What is the climate of the Southwest region? Climate of the Southwest Region • It is hot and dry in the summer. Sometimes, the temperature reaches 125 degrees. • At night, it can get below freezing, even in the summer. • The Hopis lived near mountains, so they got more rain in their part of the region. Sometimes, they got snow. • Southern parts of this region may stay hot and dry all year, and get very little rain. How did the environment affect the homes the Hopi built? Pueblos or Adobe Houses •Hopi people lived in adobe houses, which are multi-story house complexes made of adobe (clay and straw baked into hard bricks) and stone. •Each adobe unit was home to one family, like an apartment building •Hopi people used ladders to reach the upstairs apartments. •A Hopi adobe house can contain dozens of units and was often home to an entire extended clan. Unlike most old-fashioned Indian shelters, traditional Hopi houses are still used by some people today. Other Hopi families live in modern houses and apartment buildings, just like you. In fact, some people have been living in the same adobe house complex, such as Sky City, for dozens of generations. How did the environment affect what the Hopi people ate? • They were “dry farmers”. They picked crops that could grow with little rain. Why? • Corn, beans and squash can grow with little rain. Native Americans called them the “Three Sisters.” What meat did they eat? • They raised turkey for their meat. • They also used a bow and arrow to hunt deer, antelope, and rabbits. Did they fish? • Yes, but they did not travel by river. • Originally, they just walked. • There were no horses in North America until colonists brought them over from Europe, so the Hopis used dogs pulling travois (a kind of drag sled) to help them carry heavy loads. Once Europeans brought horses to America, the Hopis could travel more quickly than before. Were they nomads? How did the environment affect the Hopi people’s clothes? Hopi Clothes •Originally, Hopi men didn't wear much clothing– only breechcloths or short kilts (men's skirts). Why? •Hopi women wore knee-length cotton dresses called mantas. •Men and women both wore deerskin moccasins on their feet. Hopi men usually wore cloth headbands tied around their foreheads instead. They did not wear the big feather warbonnet. Kachina Dolls • The Hopi believe in many spirits that they call • Kachina. They may call on spirits for rain or other needs. They make Kachina dolls to represent these spirits. Let’s review • Movie on Hopi