Transcript 13. Watershed Management for Water, Livelihood and Groundwater

Watershed Management for Water,
Livelihood and Groundwater
Recharge
Presented By: Farkhanda Shamim
Pilot- Objectives
Livelihood Diversification through:
1. Water Management
2. Groundwater Recharge
3. Integrated Land Use
 Aarokas located 35 km
from Islamabad on Murree
Highway at an elevation of
1413 m range
 PARC implemented smallscale project for water
management and
agriculture
 IUCN initiated
interventions related to
off-season vegetables,
water harvesting for fruit
plants, raising of
vegetable seedlings, etc.
Catchment of Rawal Watershed
Baseline
 Questionnaire
developed and pretested for
Household surveys
 Semi structured
interviews
 Sample size - 16%
of population
Social and Demographic Characteristics of Household
Others
9%
Cast sysytem
Earning System
Female
10%
Abbasi
35%
Ewan
56%
Male
90%
Primary Education system
level
22%
Up to
intermedi
ate level
No
4%
educatio
n
38%
Matric
17%
Middle
School
19%
Landholding and Income by Sources
Income Source
Land Ownership
20-50
kanals
13%
5-20
kanals
32%
>50
kanals
9%
from
business
15%
up to 5
kanals
46%
from
employme
nt
44%
from
agriculture
38%
from
livestock
3%
Issues
 Shortage of water
for domestic use
and agriculture
 Rainfall is
inadequate and
erratic in
distribution i.e. at
peak demand of
crops
 Water conveyance
losses
 50% households do
not have access to
safe drinking water
 Small holdings
Off-season Vegetable using Tunnel Farming
 High value for early spring vegetables
 Vegetables fetch high prices in the market
 18 interested
farmers selected
for Vegetable
Tunnel Farming
on cost-sharing
basis
 Tunnels were
installed closer to
the Houses for
ease of females
 Tomatoes and
green pepper had
higher demand in
Tunnel farming
After the end
of winter
season plastic
film is
removed
Small Orchards
using Rainwater
Harvesting

Micro-catchments
along the contours
 Staggered microcatchments to
reduce soil erosion
and loss of water
 Plants of citrus
family used
 March planting face
dry spell in AprilJune
Microcatchments along
the contour
Pictures of Micro
catchments with
ponded water
around the fruit plant
 Use of land with
higher gradient
 Provision of
harvested rainfall
to provide
adequate water
 Control of soil
erosion
Future Interventions
 Low-cost hose-fed irrigation
 Groundwater recharge
 Compost making
 Management of native vegetation
Thank you!