Transcript Dodge Hybrid Electric Sprinter - IEEE-USA

Presentation Objectives
• Discuss the Plug in Hybrid (PHEV)
Sprinter Path To Commercial
• Remind us all to the Energy Security
and Environmental Benefits of Electric
Transportation
• Validate that Electric Transportation
through the PHEV - Has Substance
• Establish a Call for Action
2
Copyright © 2004 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
U.S. Map of Air Quality—A Ready Market for
Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEV)
U.S. Counties that do not meet eight-hour ozone standards
3
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Nitrogen Oxide Emissions
2000 Anthropogenic U.S. NOx Emissions
All Fuel Combustion: 38%
Other Non-Road Transport
12%
Biomass Burning
2%
Fuel Combustion Electricity
21%
Non-Road Diesel
11%
Non-Road Gasoline
1%
Fuel Combustion Ind & Other
14%
On-Road Diesel
13%
Fuel Combustion Residential
3%
All Transportation: 56%
4
On-Road Gasoline
19%
Industrial Processes
4%
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South Coast Air Basin Ground-Level Ozone
5
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Estimated Risk (Cancer) Model
• Source: South Coast Air Quality Management District
6
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Million Barrels per Day
Projected Transportation Oil Use
Current Policy
(R&D Only)
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Transportation Oil Use
Plus ANWR
(Ref. EIA SR/O&G/2000-02,
and USGS Report 98-34)
Domestic Production
1970
7
1980
1990
2000
2010
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2020
2030
Electric Drive Technology = Meeting the Need for
Energy Security and Environmental Quality of Life
with Electricity as a Primary Energy Source
Battery Electric
Vehicles
8
Combustion Engine
Hybrid Electric
Vehicles
Plug-in Hybrid
Fuel Cell Vehicles
Plug-In
Hybrid Electric
Vehicles
Fuel Cell Hybrid
Electric Vehicles
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Dodge Plug-In Hybrid Electric Sprinter
Plug-In Hybrid Drive - Train
Vacuum pump
Transmission cross bar and bearing
Cardan shaft
Automatic Transmission)
Internal Combustion Engine
PM Synchronous electric motor
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PHEV vs. Hybrid and Conventional
Gallons of Gasoline Consumed
450,000,000
400,000,000
350,000,000
300,000,000
Gallons
250,000,000
200,000,000
150,000,000
100,000,000
50,000,000
Conventional
Midsize HEV0
1000
100000
Number of Vehicles
10
Midsize HEV20
500000
1000000
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HEV – Hybrid Electric Vehicle
HEV 20 - 20 Miles All Electric Range
PHEV vs. Hybrid and Conventional
Barrels of Oil Consumed
9000000
8000000
7000000
Barrels of Oil
6000000
5000000
4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
Conventional
Midsize HEV0
0
1000
100000
Number of Vehicles
11
Midsize HEV20
500000
1000000
HEV – Hybrid Electric Vehicle
HEV20 – 20 Miles All Electric Range
Copyright © 2004 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
PHEV vs. Hybrid and Conventional
Tons of CO2 Produced
6000000
5000000
Tons of CO2
4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
Conventional
Midsize HEV0
0
1000
100000
Number of Vehicles
12
Midsize HEV20
500000
1000000
HEV – Hybrid Electric Vehicle
HEV20 – 20 Miles All Electric Range
Copyright © 2004 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
,.
.
The Dodge Plug-in Hybrid
Sprinter
13
Copyright © 2004 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
PHEV Sprinter – Path to Commercialization
• Design, build, and field test six prototype PHEV Sprinter Vans
with 20 miles of electric range.
• Leverage multiple sources for financial resources
– EPRI, South Coast AQMD, DOT, LIPA, SCE, CARB, NYPA, &
DaimlerChrysler
• Phase 2 – 30 Vehicle Alliance
– Build and test 30 PHEV Sprinters with next level of
technology
– Capture data validating performance
• Phase 3 – 100 Vehicle Fleet Evaluation
14
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DaimlerChrysler – EPRI PHEV Program
•
•
•
•
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DaimlerChrysler is committed to bring a PHEV Sprinter
Van to market
The following overheads were developed and presented by
DaimlerChrysler’s senior management to utility, transit,
government and military fleet customers
Presentation based on DC’s internal analysis
Confirms level of participation by DC—A path to
commercialization exists
Copyright © 2004 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Dodge Plug-In Hybrid Electric Sprinter
January 2005
previously unpublished
Dodge Plug-In Hybrid Electric Sprinter
DaimlerChrysler is committed to develop the vehicle propulsion systems for the
future

DaimlerChrysler activities are committed to support the development of sustainable mobility, which includes the following issues:
 Continuous optimization of the internal combustion engine (ICE)
 Improvement of fuel quality worldwide
 Introduction of CO2-neutral bio fuels
 Further development of hybrid propulsion systems
(ICE / electric motor)
 Introduction of Fuel Cell technology

There is a trend towards alternative drivetrains: Legal regulations are tightening, emission regulations are getting stronger, entry restriction in
cities are increasing and tax and toll for conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles are rising.

Hybrid drivetrains represent a mid-term usable alternative. This enables the development of electric motors, power management systems and
batteries which will help facilitates the long-term introduction of fuel cell drivetrains.
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Dodge Plug-In Hybrid Electric Sprinter
DaimlerChrysler and EPRI-Project

Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA ( EPRI see, at www.epri.com)

Phase I – Technical and market feasibility study – currently under way


Other key project partners

Kansas City Area Transportation Authority (KCATA, see at www.kcata.org)

Metropolitan Energy Center (see www.kcenergy.org)

Southern California Edison (SCE, see www.sce.com)

South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD, see www.aqmd.gov)
Phase II – Extension up to 30 more field evaluation vehicles in the US – planned after completion of Phase I until end of 2006

Customers (among others):

Large Fleets

Utility Companies

Transit Authorities
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Dodge Plug-In Hybrid Electric Sprinter
Technical and Market Feasibility Study
3rd vehicle
6th vehicle
•
•
•
•
• Cargo Van with
bus body Braun
• 8,550 lbs
• 158 inches
• Diesel
Cargo Van
8,550 lbs
158 inches
Diesel
Los Angeles
Kansas City
•
•
•
•
Cargo Van
8,550 lbs
140 inches
Gasoline
• Testing
• 3.5t/3550 mm
• Diesel
Hannover
4th vehicle
•
•
•
•
5th vehicle
1st IAA
Cargo Van
8,550 lbs
140 inches
Gasoline
Schweinfurt
(ZF Sachs)
2nd vehicle
•
•
•
•
KaWa
3.5t
3550mm
Diesel
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Dodge Plug-In Hybrid Electric Sprinter
First Study: The Plug-In Hybrid Sprinter
On-board charger
ICE
Charge port
Clutch and E-motor 70 kW
Transmission
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Commercialization – Critical Actions
– Certification – the vehicle must be certified by the
federal agencies permitting credit for the miles
traveled as an electric vehicle form emission
perspective;
– EPAct (Energy Policy Act) qualification as a dual-fuel
vehicle. A PHEV meets the intent of EPAct, the
information must be provided to the U.S.
Department of Energy for a formal ruling;
– Emission testing – the emission profile and
advantages of a PHEV operating in urban areas
must be carefully documented and reported,
including recommendations on test protocols for
the accurate characterization of PHEV operation.
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Commercialization – Critical Actions
– Data Collection – On board data collection that
validates the modeling that been done for the past 4
years.
– Data Analysis – Applying the lessons learned from
the initial testing to make the 30 then 100 the best
they can be.
– Confidence Building – Providing the data in easily
understood but totally credible manner to
commercial fleet operators
– Business Case to Drive a Mass Production Program
– use the data to justify the development of PHEV
drive systems in consumer products in order to
achieve component volume and lower costs.
22
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Plug in Hybrids are Drawing Significant Attention
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USA Today
Slate.com
Forbes.com
Christian Science Monitor
Motor Trend (twice)
CBSNews.com
Newsweek
The Economist
National Public Radio
IEEE Spectrum
• Regional news papers including: L.A. Times, Sacramento Bee,
San Jose Mercury News, Minnesota Star Tribune, Albuquerque
Journal, Austin Business Journal, Dallas Morning News
• Independent Studies think highly of PHEVs
– National Commission on Energy Policy
– California Air Resources Board AB1493 staff report
– Institute for Life Cycle Environmental Assessment
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Copyright © 2004 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Transportation Energy Resources – Three Options
for Sustainability, Low Greenhouse Gas
1. Bio and other synthetic fuels that avoid or sequester GHG
• Quantities may be too limited
2. Hydrogen
• End-use technologies are long-term
• Storage is difficult
• National infrastructure is extremely expensive
3. Electricity
•
•
•
Supplies adequate, especially off-peak
Energy efficiency is extremely high
PHEV rollout does NOT require utility
investment in charging infrastructure
PLUG-IN HYBRIDS THE LOGICAL CHOICE
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