Transcript LOGISTIC ASSESSMENT

Force Projection
Symposium IV
8 May 2003
“Deploying the Objective Force”
LTG Chuck Mahan
United States Army
Deputy Chief of Staff , G-4
Given our current operations,
what force projection challenges did
we face, what lessons did we learn,
and what can we do better?
2 of 16
Transporting soldiers and equipment to and from
Iraq will run $7.1 billion. On any given day, more
than 120 U.S. ships packed with supplies are on the
seas…. The United States has sent more than 145
million pounds of cargo and supplies to the Persian
Gulf by plane since January. An additional 1.1 billion
pounds have arrived by sea.
Renae Merle, “Fighting, In Dollars And Cents”, Washington Post, 12 April 2003
3 of 16
ACCESSIBILITY
CHALLENGE Northern ports (Turkey) lacked depth,
which required smaller, slower, shallower draft ships
CHALLENGE “Anti-access” implied “hostile”
environment, must also consider diplomatic
and bureaucratic “anti-access”
DISCUSSION
 12 LMSRs to move 101st AA Division
with enablers vs. 29 “Cape class” ships
to move 4ID and its enablers
 Change in ports required change in
plan and review of priorities (what
equipment, supplies were needed most)
 Requirement for customs / convoy
clearances and overflight permissionTheater Support Vessel
4 of 16
DEPORD PROCESS – TPFDD* FLOW
CHALLENGE Incremental
approval of deployment
orders and port
accessibility issues
resulted in changes to
TPFDD flow
DISAGGREGATION OF TPFDD
 Movement of personnel through
mobilization sites
Challenge in processing soldiers /
DA civilians / contractors at CONUS
Replacement Center (CRC) and
preparing for onward movement
 Maintenance of unit integrity
(combat loading)
 Enabling units arriving after
combat units
 Challenge in matching arriving
equipment with mobilizing / arriving
soldiers
*TPFDD – Time Phased Force Deployment Document
5 of 16
RELIANCE ON THE
RESERVE COMPONENT
CHALLENGE Over 70% of
all EAD CSS is in Reserve
Component
DISCUSSION
 RC (particularly theater-level
logistics) must be mobilized early
 RC OPTEMPO (what can be
sustained? – emerging policy is one
270-day deployment / 60 months)
USAR
ARNG
UNITS
AC
AUTH
AC
607
51,989
26.5%
ARNG
580
57,594
29%
USAR
1078
87,385
44.5%
TOTAL
2265 196,968 100.0%
SecDef directed “Reserve Component Comprehensive Review”
intended to reduce reliance on RC early in operations (first Major
Combat Operation (MCO) totally active component??)
* Source: SAMAS
AUG 02 Master Force File
6 of 16
“I’m certain that when the
history of this campaign is
written that people will look at
this move that the land forces
have made in this amount of
time as being not only a great
military accomplishment, but
an incredible logistics
accomplishment.”
Richard Lewis, Associated Press
LTG John Abizaid
Deputy Commander (Forward)
Combined Forces Command, CENTCOM
31 March 2003
7 of 16
We had great success in Operation Iraqi
Freedom, but PHYSICS STILL APPLY.
8 of 16
There are five complementary and necessary
strategies for effectively deploying and sustaining
the Objective Force….
 Deployment capabilities
 Forward positioning
 Distribution-based logistics
 Demand reduction
 “Spartan” support
9 of 16
DEPLOYMENT CAPABILITIES
Better Processes, Lift Capacity, and
Infrastructure Improvements Will Increase
Capabilities
Radio Frequency Tag
CONSIDERATIONS
 Deployment process improvement (e.g., TC-AIMS II,
Movement Tracking System, In-transit Visibility,
Logistics Common Operating Picture)
TC-AIMS II
Movement Tracking System
 Increase lift capacity through increased numbers of
legacy lift systems and development of new systems
 Infrastructure improvement (e.g., improved port
throughput)
10 of 16
FORWARD POSITIONING
 Pre-positioning of equipment
 Materiel (composition of stocks)
 Facilities (humidity-controlled
warehouses, vessels)
 Location (adjacent to strategic transportation
nodes)
 Permanent forward basing of units’ equipment (with
rotating units)
 First to Fight equipment
11 of 16
DISTRIBUTION-BASED LOGISTICS
Reduces Footprint, But Introduces New
Sustainment Flow Requirements
 Distribution-based logistics reliant on reach
 Limited days of supply upon initial deployment
 Limited carrying/storage capacity – cargo and fuel trucks
 Bulk water and bulk fuel must immediately come from reach
 Reduced patient holding capacity
 Sustainment flow requirements
 Configured loads
 Must establish immediate sustainment flow, concurrent with
deployment
 Sustainment flow must be frequent and consistent
 Aerial sustainment as required by METT-TC
 Broad, shallow ASL with rapid replenishment
Source: CASCOM Rock Drill
12 of 16
DEMAND REDUCTION
 Platform efficiency
 More efficient platforms through new technologies (e.g., hybrid
electric engines, embedded diagnostics / prognostics)
 More efficient CSS equipment (e.g., organic upload / download
capability, No RTCH outside of APOD / SPOD)
 Force efficiency
 More efficient forces through combat multipliers (e.g.,
throughput without re-configuration)
 More efficient forces through commonality (e.g., one common
chassis)
 Personnel efficiency (e.g., built in diagnostics)
Improved treatment of sustainment in
requirements development and acquisition
13 of 16
SPARTAN SUPPORT
Minimizes Initial and Forward RequirementsOnly What Must Be With a Force Every Day
Will Be Organic to a Force
 Use augmentation or reach for:
Infrequently needed capabilities (e.g., POW evacuation)
Tasks that can be deferred or scheduled outside of
combat periods (e.g., scheduled vehicle services)
Capabilities that can be foregone for short periods of
time (e.g., hot food)
 Accept increased risk to reduce resources (e.g., refuel
every other day instead of topping off each day)
14 of 16
Today’s requirements compared to our force
projection capability….. This will not change
without an integrated approach to our force
projection strategies.
15 of 16
SEND ME YOUR CARDS
AND LETTERS
Return Address
LTG Charles S. Mahan, Jr.
HQDA DCS, G-4
ATTN: DALO-ZA, Suite 1E394
500 Army Pentagon
Washington, DC 20310-0500
Phone: (703) 695- 4102 (DSN 225)
Email: [email protected] or
[email protected]
THE ARMY
AT WAR AND TRANSFORMING
17 of 16