Transcript Wetlands of India - India Water Portal

Presentation by Maneka Mirchandaney, Std XII, Mallya Aditi International School, Bangalore
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Design assistance by Thara Thomas
What is a wetland?
Wetlands are
Wetlands are interface between
ecosystems
Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems .
whose formation,
processes and
characteristics are
determined by
water.
It is an area of land whose soil is
Saturated with moisture either
permanently or for a long enough
season every year to support aquatic plants.
Wetlands are not
necessarily "wet"
all year round
They have been called the
'nature's kidneys'
because they cleanse our
environment.
Facts About Wetlands
Wetlands are typically low-lying areas
They can be natural or man-made
They can be coastal or inland
Floodplains, swamps, marshes, mangroves
deltas and lakes are some types of wetlands.
A paddy farm is also a wetland
Wetlands can contain fresh water, salt water,
or brackish (a combination of the two)
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Ashtamudi (Wetland)
Bhitarkanika (Mangroves)
Bhoj (Wetland)
Chandertal (Wetland)
Chilika (Lake)
Deepor Beel
East Calcutta (Wetlands)
Harike (Lake)
Hokera (Wetland)
Kanjli
Keoladeo (National Park)
Kolleru (Lake)
Loktak (Lake)
Point Calimere (Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary)
Pong Dam (Lake)
Renuka (Lake)
Ropar
Rudrasagar (Lake)
Sambhar (Lake)
Some important
wetlands
in India
Sasthamkotta (Lake)
Surinsar – Mansar (Lakes)
Tsomoriri
Vembanad-Kol (Wetland)
Wular (Lake)
Upper Ganga River (Narora to Brijghat stretch)
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Importance of wetlands
Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems in
the world, comparable to rain forests and coral reefs.
They provide rich habitat for
an immense variety of
species of microbes,
Many species of birds and
mammals rely on wetlands for
food, water, and shelter, especially
plants, insects,
amphibians, reptiles,
birds, fish, and
mammals.
during migration and
breeding.
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Uses of wetlands
water management
Think of a wetland as a huge sponge
Wetlands store water when
it is in excess and release
it to the ground during dry
periods
This helps in recharge and
discharge of groundwater
They assist in flood control
They reduce the momentum of water as it flows to
a river or a stream, thereby reducing soil erosion
They are also important to the
nutrient cycle.
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Uses of wetlands
Wetlands plants
and soil store
carbon instead of
releasing it to the
atmosphere as
carbon dioxide.
Thus they help
moderate global
climate
environmental
Wetlands help
retain sediments
and increase soil
fertility
Plants that grow in
wetlands are very
effective in filtering
out water pollution
Many wetlands
remove pollutants
from surface runoff
and small streams.
Mangroves can protect shorelines from strong winds and can
reduce the impact of hurricanes and tsunamis
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Uses of wetlands –
economic
Wetlands provide livelihoods by being a source of (Consumptive use )
•Agricultural produce
•Craft materials
•timber production
•Medicinal plants
•Fishing
•Hunting
They can also be recreation spaces (non-consumptive uses )
Wetlands provide opportunities for humans to enjoy outdoor activities,
such as canoeing, fishing, and bird watching.
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How wetlands work
Contaminants and sediments are filtered.
Provides critical wildlife habitat
Cleaner water outflow
Threats to wetlands
Natural
Natural disasters like hurricanes and floods
Over grazing by wildlife
Drought
Threats to wetlands
Anthropogenic
1.Development
Draining out wetlands for construction
Damming them to form lakes or ponds
Diverting water flow
2.Pollution
3. Sand and gravel mining
4. Global warming
5. Acid rain
Ramsar convention
The Convention on Wetlands -- called the "Ramsar Convention" – was signed
in Ramsar, Iran, in 1971.
An intergovernmental treaty - embodies the commitments of its member
countries to plan for the "wise use", or sustainable use, of all of the wetlands
in their territories.
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What can we do?
DO A PROJECT
SHOW IT TO YOUR CLASS
TALK TO THE OWNER OF A WETLAND
Take an initiative, talk to the owners of a wetland on preserving them.
ORGANIZE A FIELD TRIP
Organize a class field trip to a wetland (preferably a destroyed one)
and explain about the history of the wetland and why it was destroyed.
MAKE SURE YOUR HOUSE ISN’T BUILT ON WETLAND
Hi! I’m the quiz master!
Click on the button with
the right answer.
Good luck!
Quiz master
Q. 1
To clean the
environment
Which of these is NOT a use of wetlands?
Sedimentation of
rocks
Swimming and
other sports
Wrong!!!!!!!!!
Sorry!
The right answer is
“Swimming and other
water sports.”
Quiz master
Correct!!!!!!!!!
Woohoo!
That is right!
Congratulations!
Quiz master
Q. 2
Which fact about a wetland is right?
A wetland always
has a pH level
above 9.5
There is always
shellfish in a wetland
A wetland is a low
area where the land
is filled with water
Wrong!!!!!!!!!
Sorry!
The right answer is
“A wetland is a low area where
the land is filled with water.”
Quiz master
Correct!!!!!!!!!
Woohoo!
That is right!
Congratulations!
Quiz master
Q. 3
What is NOT a way to help increase awareness
about wetlands?
Play games on the
computer
Do a project on
wetlands
Organize a field trip
to a wetland
Wrong!!!!!!!!!
Sorry!
That is wrong! The right answer is
“Play games on the computer.”
Quiz master
Correct!!!!!!!!!
Woohoo!
That is right!
Congratulations!
Quiz master
Q. 4
4.0
What is a good pH level for a wetland?
7.5
9.5
Wrong!!!!!!!!!
Sorry!
That is wrong! The right answer is
“7.5”
“7.5”
Quiz master
Correct!!!!!!!!!
Woohoo!
That is right!
Congratulations!
“7.5”
Quiz master
Q. 5
Which one of these is NOT a type of wetland?
Marsh
Reservoir
Swimming pool
Wrong!!!!!!!!!
Sorry!
That is wrong! The right answer is
“Swimming pool”
Quiz master
Correct!!!!!!!!!
Woohoo!
That is right!
Congratulations!
Quiz master
Activities
Here is an activity you can do in class
Step 1
Divide your class into groups of not more than 5 people each.
Step 2
Use the facts on the next page (note : some of them are false) and give
each group a few facts, equal amounts of true and false.
Step 3
Each group in turn says one fact. After they say it, someone from another
group has to say whether the fact is true or false.
If he/she is right, the team gets a point. If he/she is wrong, they lose a point.
The team with the most points wins.
Facts
The water hyacinth is a plant
A wetland is always natural
The water should have a pH level between 6.5 and 8.5
Mangroves are groves of mango trees
.
If the water is acidic then it is hard for animals to live
True
Wetlands always have salty water
False
Wetlands provide a good habitat for animals
4.0 is a good pH level for a wetland
Reeds can be found in wetlands
Building a house on a wetland is good
.
These are just a few facts that you can use, why not try making some more?
A word search on Ramsar sites in India
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Find the following:
Ashtamudi, Bhitarkanika, Bhoj, Chilika, Deepor Beel, East Calcutta, Harike,
Kanjli, Keoladeo, Kolleru, Loktak, Point Calimere, Pong Dam, Ropar, Sambhar,
Sasthamkotta, Tsomoriri, Vembanad-Kol, Wular
Can you name the states where these wetlands are found?
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A word search on Ramsar sites in India answers
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Now that you know about wetlands, take a step forward and do something!
(See slide 13 for ideas)
Watching this slideshow will not only help you, but can help other people,
animals and plants. It can help the environment, but you need to start and
set the trend.
Let other people know about the destruction of wetlands. MAKE A
DIFFERENCE!
Thank you!
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Wetland_restoration_in_Australia.jpg/800pxWetland_restoration_in_Australia.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Wetlands_boardwalk.jpg
http://cdn.wn.com/pd/8a/9b/da2bf7243e0118fed8e1fdd2716d_grande.jpg
http://www.sptimes.com/2006/03/31/images/state-swamp.jpg
http://en.wikivisual.com/images/7/72/Wetland500.JPG
http://www.flickr.com/photos/bobistraveling/3686484594/
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http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2272/2181766735_3f20f3ddb6_b.jpg
http://kids.lovetoknow.com/wiki/Wetlands_for_Kids
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http://earthdimensions.com/mitigation.aspx
http://clintonschoolblog.com/cblog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/wetlands.jpg
http://www.davis-excavating.com/images/lafarge1.jpg
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/147/381634787_f52e84a5af_b.jpg
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