Transcript Slide 0

Hybrid GIS Technology for Groundwater Resource
Management in India
Prabir Kumar Mukherjee
July 17, 2015
Agenda
Introduction
Need for Groundwater Resource Management
GIS in Groundwater Resource Management
Improved Technology - GIT
Business Benefits
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CONFIDENTIAL
Introduction
• Fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource,
essential to sustain life, development and the
environment
• Water development and management should be
based on a participatory approach, involving
users, planners and policymakers at all levels
• Women play a central part in the provision,
management and safeguarding of water
• Water has an economic value in all its competing
uses and should be recognized as an economic
good
‘pragmatic but principled approach that
respects the concepts of economic efficiency, social equity and environmental sustainability but
recognizes that management can be
intensely political and that reform requires prioritised, sequenced, practical and patient
interventions’.
Reference: GWMate Briefing Note
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CONFIDENTIAL
Need for Groundwater Resource Management
• 2000 million people, innumerable farmers and many industrial premises depend on groundwater
• Accelerated development has resulted in great social and economic benefits, providing low-cost,
drought-reliable high-quality water supplies
• Management and protection of groundwater has been seriously neglected, potentially endangering the
resource
• The sustainability of groundwater is linked to policy issues influencing water and land use, and
represents one of the major global challenges in natural resource management
• There is a need to integrate groundwater and surface water management to ensure better overall
water management and allocation
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CONFIDENTIAL
Need for Groundwater Resource Management
 Millions of m3 pumped every year
• Monitored? Why? Who? How? Use? quantity / quality
 100’s of thousands of users
• Controlled? Registered?
 10’s of thousands of wells / boreholes
• Registered? Maintained? Monitored?
• Have the information Stored on location, abstraction, water levels, water quality, formation etc.?
 1000’s of sources of pollution
• Location, nature & quantity of pollutants? aquifer vulnerability?
 100’s of drillers / consultants
• Registered? Development & drilling data recorded & submitted?
 Many governing departments /institutions
• Joint management ? Coordination / cooperation?
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CONFIDENTIAL
Source (AGW)
Approaches of Groundwater Resource Management
Artificial Recharge
(irrigation losses,
wastewater returns)
Natural Recharge
Indirect Recharge
(excess rainfall,
surface water
seepage)
(aquitard leakage,
cross-formational
flow)
Aquifer Storage
(groundwater resource)
SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT
Environmental Benefits
Water for development
Water for the
Environment
Groundwater abstraction
Groundwater discharge
(agriculture & Industry)
(Springs, surface water,
wetlands, coastal zone)
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Human Benefits
Water for People
Groundwater supply
(drinking water &
Sanitation and
livelihood)
Hiscock, 2002
Economic Benefits
CONFIDENTIAL
Approaches of Groundwater Resource Management
With IWRM
Without IWRM
Management
function
Increasing demand + Contaminant Load
Aquifer
system/
groundwater
resources
impacted
Quality and
quantity
deteriorated
Unrestricted
Demand
+
Unregulated
Resources
Enabling
Environment
Acceptable demand + contaminant load
Water and
land-use
behaviour
worsen
Aquifer
system/
groundwater
resources
protected
Dissatisfacti
on of waterusers
increases
Quality and
quantity
stabilize
Reliable supply reducing with increasing cost
Policy
framework
Regulatory
Framework
Definition of
Water
Rights
Decentralised
Administrative
setup
Monitoring
Resource
Evaluation
Resource
Allocation
Pollution
control
Economic
valuation
Stakeholder
Participation
Water and
land use
efficient
Water-users
Satisfied
Secure supply at reasonable cost
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CONFIDENTIAL
Evolution of GIS in Groundwater Study
In 1970 - Computer Mapping
During this period most GIS analysis were limited to Manual Processing of spatial data. This period saw computer mapping
automate map drafting. The points, lines and areas defining geographic features on a map are represented as an organized
set of X, Y coordinates.
In 1980 – Spatial Database Management
Spatial database management systems were developed that linked computer mapping capabilities
with traditional database management capabilities. Increasing demands for mapped data
focused attention on data availability, accuracy and standards, as well as data structure issues.
4D GIS (XYZ and Time)
--Future Perception
Multimedia Mapping
--2000 ‘s
Map Analysis/Modeling In 1990 - Map Analysis / Modeling
During this period the bulk of descriptive query operations were available in most GIS
--1990’s
systems and attention turned to a comprehensive theory of map analysis. The spatial
Spatial Database Management
--1980’s
Computer Mapping
--1970’s
information used to represented numerically, rather than in analog way as inked
lines on a map. The GIS applications were now centering towards two forms
spatial statistics and spatial analysis in groundwater study.
In 2000 - Multimedia Mapping
In this period, GIS systems and applications saw new trends like Data Exchange &
Interoperability Standards, Development of Web Services, Enhanced Display
Capabilities, 3D visualization, Integration of Global Positioning System and Remote
Sensing Imagery with GIS in groundwater study.
Future Perceptions
4D GIS (XYZ and time), Tomorrow’s data structures will accommodate time as
a stored dimension and completely change the conventional mapping paradigm.
The future also will build on the cognitive basis, as well as the databases, of
GIS technology. Information systems are at a threshold that is pushing well
beyond mapping, management, modeling, and multimedia to spatial reasoning
and dialogue.
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CONFIDENTIAL
Concept - GIS+IT=GIT in Groundwater Resource Management
Sustainability of Planet Earth:
Connections between and achieving
balance among social, economic and
environmental pieces of a community.
SMART Governance means:
Process of decision making
in a simple, moral, accountable,
responsive, and transparent manner
Hybrid Technology/Geospatial Information
Technology (GIT) :
An integration of geo-spatial information
science and technology into a geographic
information system (GIS) which has
incredible role in SMART Governance
In groundwater management
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CONFIDENTIAL
Concept – Target Area in Groundwater Resource Management
Government Management Issues
Legislation and Regulation
Economic Instruments
Policy Instruments
TARGET of GIT
Human Resources Management Issues
Abstraction Rights
Allocation
Stakeholder Participation
Capacity Building
Natural Resource Management Issues
Aquifer Characterization
Recharge
Water Quality
Environmental Services
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CONFIDENTIAL
GIS Maturity Model
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GIS Technology Improvement in Groundwater Resource Management
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Desktop GIS products offer many advantages including:
Advanced capabilities and powerful functionality “out of the box“
Internet connectivity is not required
Performance is not dependent on bandwidth
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The disadvantages of traditional desktop applications include:
Licensing costs are high on a per user basis compared to web-based GIS
PCs with higher specifications are required
More advanced user training is required
 Distributed GIS have all of the system components in the different physical locations. This could be the
processing, the database, the rendering or the user interface. Examples of distributed systems are
 Web-based GIS,
 Mobile GIS,
 Enterprise GIS
 An Enterprise Geographical Information System satisfies the spatial information needs of an organization as
a whole in an integrated manner. Enterprise GIS consists of four technological elements which are data,
standards, information technology and personnel with expertise.
 It is a coordinated approach that moves away from fragmented desktop GIS.
 The design of an enterprise GIS includes the construction of a centralized enterprise database that is
designed to be the principle resource for an entire organization.
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CONFIDENTIAL
GIS Technology Improvement Migration from Desktop to Web GIS
 The traditional, ground water management methods are mainly focused on engineering measures. With the
rapid development of information technology, database and GIS technology, the non-engineering measures
based on scientific and logical management techniques lead to sustainable development of ground water
resources.
 This improves the ground water management level and increase work efficiency. Network is a good medium
for sharing and spreading information. Using network technology in ground water management not only
decrease constructive investment, but also predigest the operation and make it easy to use.
 Using the centralized repository based on database and Web GIS technology, different business units can
use the Mobile GIS and web GIS application to exchange information and data on network.
 Efficient management of groundwater resources relies on a comprehensive database that represents the
characteristics of the natural groundwater system as well as analysis and modeling tools to describe the
impacts of decision alternatives .
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Web Enabled Groundwater Information System in India
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Maturing Groundwater Analysis using Mobile GIS Technology
The method of data collection from field is time consuming and susceptible to errors. The recent development in mobile
technology has enabled GIS information to be collected from field and update the modification directly to spatial repository in
central database. This enables to add real time data to enterprise database and stakeholders can use the latest and more accurate
data for analysis and decision making. Wireless connectivity, geo-services, and Web mapping applications allow field-based
personnel to complete database transactions in near real time.
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CONFIDENTIAL
Spatial Data Sharing in Groundwater Information System using High Bandwidth 3G Network
Internet Web
Clients
Field Mobile Users
Internet Web
Clients
3G
Network
Enterprise
Database
Other
System
GIS
Department A
3G
Network
Intranet Web
Clients
Department B
Desktop Clients
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CONFIDENTIAL
Business Benefits
Many Gaps Have Been Bridged with the Help of this Technology
Hybrid Technology
GIS & IT
In Groundwater
Management System
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CONFIDENTIAL
Thank You