Transcript Labor Unions Fight Back!

Labor Unions Fight Back!
Tuesday Warm-Up
Begin completing your vocabulary and
essential question from your Unit 5
syllabus.
You have 10 minutes
If you are finished, begin reviewing your
old syllabus for your mid-term
Conditions of the Worker
Working conditions—
unsanitary, dangerous
Wages—too low
Hours—too long, 14 hour
days
Child Labor—no school,
cruelty (low pay, long
hours)
The Changing American
Labor Force
Child Labor
- Early 1800s: ages 7-12 made up 1/3 of
workforce in US factories
- 1848: Pennsylvania establishes age of 12
to work in silk, cotton, wool mills
- 1853: Many states adopt 10 hr. workday for
children
- 1900: 1/5 of all American children were
employed
- 1924: Congress prohibits labor under 18
Child Labor
“Galley Labor”
Rise of Labor Unions
It was under these conditions that labor
unions arose.
Unions are organizations of workers
formed to protect their rights
Trade Unions vs. Craft Unions
Craft Unions- open to people with a
particular skill like carpentry or masonry
Trade Union- open to less skilled workers.
The Knights of Labor
A Giant union that
organized trade and
craft unions into one
powerful force.
They were the first
integrated union and
they included African
Americans
American Federation of Labor
(AFL)
Union led by Samuel Gompers
Used strikes to force companies to give
better wages, hours, and working
conditions
Bosses Respond to Unions
Yellow-Dog Contracts: Employers require that
workers sign a contract promising not to strike to
get hired
Blacklist: Bosses would prevent workers who
went on strike from getting another job
Scabs: Workers who were hired to take the
place of striking workers
STRIKES!!!
With your group read about your strike
and right down what happened and a
once sentence significance.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Be ready to share this with the class.
Homestead Strike: Pg. 453
The Great Strike: Pg. 453
The Haymarket Affair: Pg. 453
The Pullman Strike: Pg. 454
The Socialists
Socialists believe that the means of
production should be owned by the
workers, not the rich minority
Eugene V. Debs
Organized American
Railway Union
He was a Socialist
Ran for President
many times
Ran for President
from prison and
received millions of
votes.
International Workers of the
World (“Wobblies”)
“Big Bill” Haywood of the
IWW
 Violence was justified to
overthrow capitalism.
The Hand That Will Rule the
World One Big Union
Mother Jones:
“The Miner’s Angel”
 Mary Harris.
 Organizer for the
United Mine
Workers.
 Founded the Social
Democratic Party
in 1898.
 1903, led 80 mill
children to home of
T. Roosevelt
demanding child
labor laws.