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Construction Industry of Thailand

By Tapanawat R.

SCI Plant Services Siam Cement Group SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 1

Petrol Chemical Paper and Packaging

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Distribution and Retailing Cement

SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group

Building Product

2

Index

• • • • • •

Thailand Economy Overview Construction Industry of Thailand Construction Employment and Statistic Safety in Construction Work Law and Regulation Conclusion

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Thailand Economic Overview

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Thailand Economy Overview

Currency Fiscal year Trade organisations GDP ranking GDP GDP growth GDP per capita GDP by sector Inflation Pop below poverty line Labour force Labour force by occupation Unemployment Main industries Economy of Thailand

Thai baht (THB) 1 October 30 September WTO and APEC

Statistics

20th [1] $524.8 billion ( 2004 est .) 6.1% ( 2004 est .) $8,100 ( 2004 est .) agriculture ( 9% ) , industry ( 44.3% ) , services ( 46.7% ) ( 2004 est .) 2.8% ( 2004 est .) 10% ( 2004 est .) 36.43 million ( Nov . 2004 est .) agriculture ( 49% ) , industry ( 14% ) , services ( 37% ) ( 2000 est .) 1.5% ( Nov . 2004 est .) tourism , textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages , tobacco , cement , light manufacturing , appliances , computers and parts, furniture, plastics

Trading Partners

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GDP of Thailand

TomyamKung Crisis

GDP -10% Construction -38% GDP 6% in 2004

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Construction Industry

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Construction Industry in 2005

Thailand's Economy Main Exports

Tin Textiles Fish Products Rice Tapioca Jewellery Electrical Appliances Furniture Plastics Integrated Circuits 4/23/2020

GDP Construction 7% Agriculture 13% Service 48%

SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group

Other Industries 32%

8

Growth Rate of Thai Economy and Construction Industry 40

(%)

30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40

1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 GDP of Thailand GDP of Construction 1999 2001 2003 2005 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 9

Construction Value Investment

(Million Bath)

300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0

1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

+14.1

% +15.

+12.5

%

2005 4/23/2020 Total Investment Private Investment SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group Public Investment 10

100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0

Construction Investment by Segment Building and Factory Investment Trend significantly increased Housing is saturated 2005

2004 2005

2005

Facility Work Building Work Factory Chain Store Housing 4/23/2020

2005

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Construction Employment and Statistic

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Construction Industry

Employment 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 13

Accident Rate in Each Business

Metal Business Construction Business 9%

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Death and Permanent Disability

Construction work

• accounts for

(almost 1 in 6) of deaths at work

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14%

•

24% of permanent total disability.

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Death and Permanent Disability (Cont.)

•

Construction workers are to face occupational death 2 .7 times as likely per million.

as otheroccupations – 57 per million versus 21

•

Construction workers are suffer permanent total million.

5 times disability as likely to as other workers – 2.1 per million versus 0.4 per

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Rate of Accident and Death

Accident Rate/1,000 is Constant Death Rate/100,000 is increase 10-15% SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 17

Safety in Construction Work

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SHE PLAN

• • • • • • • • • • • • Organization and Responsibility Discipline and Planning (work permit) Risk Assessment and Pre-Job Safety Analysis Standardization (Prevention and Control) Site Inspection and Audit Reporting and Accident Investigation Safety Training Safety Promotion First aid Emergency Plan 5S (Cleaning and House Keeping) Waste Management 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 19

Pre-Construction Period

• • • • • •

Boundary or Fence/Area Separation Safety Sign Facility (Water, Waste…) Construction Equipment ( Interlock) People : Training Method Statement

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Construction Period

• • • • • • • •

Risk Assessment and Pre-Job Safety Analysis Safety Control Safety Inspection Safety Audit Safety Talk Training Reporting Emergency Plan

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Causes of Accident in Construction Work

• • External Environment Human • • From Statistic In the beginning of construction period, there were accident 3 times/day.

In case of high rise building, there was one death. 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 22

Types of accident in Construction Site

• • • • • • • High Falling Electric Vibration and Noise Fire Machinery Land Sliding Scaffolding and Structure Falling 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 23

Accident Rate in Each Causes

All Industry • • • • • • • Hand Accident 25% Materials impact 18% Eyes Accident 16% Material Falling 13% High Falling 4% Slippery Falling 3% Electric 2% 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 24

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Law and Regulation

Design Period Construction Period

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Design Period

• Code of Design of Building and Factory – Set Back Distance : Fire Protection, Airflow, Light..

– Live Load : Depend on function of building. Ex Housing 150kg/m2, Super Store 500 kg/m2, Walk way 300kg/m2, Library 600-800 kg/m2 – Fire Protection System, : Fire Coating for steel structure (3 hrs), Fire Exit ( 2 Positions for 4 Stories upward) (Fire Wall 2 hrs), Air Pressure System, Fire Alarm 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 26

• • •

Air Flow

: Factory use 4 times of Volume/hr.

Office use 7 time of Volume/hr

Lighting

: Factory use 500 Flux, Office use 300 Flux

Air Condition

: 1 tons/ 20m2 ( Height=2.7 m.) 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 27

Construction Period

• Construction Area : Restriction area, Sign, Prohibit unconcern people 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 28

• Safety of Mobile Crane & Crane : Capability of crane, Crane Inspection Erection Procedure 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 29

• Safety of Piling Work Limit Area, Follow Instruction, Inspect Equipment and Sling 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 30

• Safety of Lift 9 meters height onward designed by civil engineer 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 31

• Safety of Scaffolding Work 2 meters height onward need scaffolding, in case of super structure, it is needed to design by civil engineer 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 32

• Safety High, Material and Structure Falling Fence, Safety line, net , belt 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 33

• Safety, Health, and Environment Management Control about airflow in construction area, Training, If we have to work in low airflow area we have to work with other people at least 3 people, Entrance must be convenience and safety.

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Dia 25 m. , H= 70 m.

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Conclusion

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Conclusion

• •

Construction Industry of Thailand in 2006 still slightly increase. It’s not housing but building, factory of private sector. Moreover public sector invest more in infrastructure especially in Bangkok and East area such as mass transit, hospital, university. It may contribute around 7-9% of GDP

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Conclusion

•

2003-2005 Rate of accident was constant while rate of death per 100,000 people increased because of accident from housing segment, In next 3 years building ,factory and infrastructure work will increase.

•

Construction employment is round 6% of total workforce. Construction work have 14% of total death(1 of 6) and 24% of total permanent disability

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Conclusion

•

Construction worker have more risk 2.7 times to face occupational death and 5 times to face permanent disability

•

Even though Thailand have the law about safety but in reality we still lack of safety supervisor. Safety management and control have only in the large company

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Conclusion

• • • Safety in Engineering Work Should start on Engineering Design Philosophy.

Designer should concern about all of period of Engineering Work – Construction or Erection period (Implement) – Operating Period – Maintenance Period Designer should concern about Law, Environment, New Construction Technology, New Material Technology 4/23/2020 SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group 39

Example

• • • It design to against earth quake It use simulation to evaluate effect of all force, wind tunnel testing Design concern about every stage :construction and operating and maintenance 4/23/2020

The Akashi Bridge The Oakland Bay Bridge

SCI Plant Services/Siam Cement Group the longest spanning

suspension bridge

in the world

Petronas Tower

40

Thank You For Your Attention

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