Transcript Document

Olmec were known for religious
ceremonies, pyramids, plazas and
sculpture.
 Zapotec had urban centers, a written
language and a calendar
 Mayans, Aztecs and Incas had art, special
jobs, written language, government,
science/technology, religion, cities, taxes
and social classes making it a civilization
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Social
pyramid
Invented a calendar 365 days in a year
Worshiped gods (polytheistic)
ruler
Numeral system including a zero
Stone carvings and jade ornaments Priest and leading warriors
Artisans, merchants, warriors
merchants
800 hieroglyphics
peasants
Slash and burn agriculture
Pyramids, temples palaces
Everyone wasn’t equal, ruler-subject/rich-poor
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Polytheistic
Fought wars to gain prisoners for Human sacrifice
Vast human sacrifice
Nobles were warriors; priests came from best families; merchants formed their
own social class; artisans did creative, skilled work; laborers and farmers
Quetzalcoatl, fair skinned god. Aztecs would flourish when he came back,
they thought Cortez was Quetzalcoatl so they let him in, allowing the Spanish
to conquer them
Maize, leather goods, vegetables, pottery, chocolate, gold, silver, jade, and
jaguar skin were sold in markets
Pyramids and pillars
Merchants and artisans
Pictorial language
Tribute made to government
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Raised roads, Chiapas (floating bed for crops), sunstones
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Tenochtitlan 5-15 million, planned cities
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Capitol Cuzco
Economic base was farming
Worshiped sun god
Information kept on the quipu
Everyone was taken care of by the government
Engineering
Oral history, quipu, quechua
Theocracy, rulers were descendants from the sun god
Irrigation systems, terrace farming
Tribute paid in labor
Extended family group
476
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Roman empire
500-1500
renaissance
middle ages
1600
Development of romance languages, French, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese
Latin, educated persons language
Growth in humanism, importance pleased on uniqueness of human beings
Interest in secular themes and religion
Middle class had money to spend on art
Questioning spiritual teachings of the catholic church
Rebirth of the interest of Greece and Rome
Splits in the church
Art and literature
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Medici family, family that supported the arts (patrons)
Donatello, sculpture of David, first free standing nude
Michelangelo, st. peters basilica, David, fostered with a stone mason,
Sistine chapel
Da Vinci, notebooks, inventor, illegitimate, sculpted
Raphael, pictures of may and baby Jesus
Petrarch, wrote poetry about the ideal woman
Boccaccio, wrote with sarcasm Decameron
Machiavelli, diplomat, wrote the prince a political guide book (do
anything to stay in power)
Durer, woodcuts and engraving, landscaping, religious subjects
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Van Eyck, court painter, painted vivid detail and personalities
Bruegel, painted real life events, many colors
Erasmus, praise of folly
Thomas more, tried to reform England, was beheaded because of the
latter, wrote utopia (ideal place)
Rabelais, wrote almanacs, humans should rely on instincts
Shakespeare, wrote stories relating to peoples emotions, comedies,
tragedies and histories, Romeo and Juliet, hamlet
Guttenberg, printing press, he brought movable type to England
Christian Church
1056
Eastern Orthodox
Roman Catholic
1500
Roman Catholic
Protestant
Anglican
Calvinist
Puritan
Congregatio
nalist
reformed
church
Methodist
Presbyterian
Episcopal
Quaker
Baptist
Lutheran
Anabaptist
Amish
Mennonite
1517 Luther posts his 95 theses on
church door
1520
Luther is
excommunicated
1521
Luther declared and outlaw
German peasant
revolt
1524
1555
Peace of Augsburg is
signed
1534
Parliament approves
act of supremacy
1559
Parliament
establishes
Anglican
church
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Protestant reformation
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Causes; roman catholic is too worldly
Humanist want simple religion
Kings who resent power of the pope and church
Luther writes 95 theses
Printing press=people educated=spread of ideas and reformers call
for change
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Effects; peasant revolts
Emperor power declines
Other forms start
Religious wars
Catholic reformation takes place
A rise in inquisition
Jews forced out of Europe
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Jesuits are missionaries who spread Catholicism and stop protestants
Jesuits founded and staffed schools
Council of Trent was dedicated to keep Catholicism
Pope Paul III was responsible for the council of Trent
Pope Paul IV carried out the latter popes ideas
Protestant church grows
Church power declines
King power increases
No united religion in Europe
Calvanism-people are sinful by nature
Presbyterianism- based on Calvinism, community church
Anabaptism- only adults can be baptized, church separate by state, didn’t fight in
wars
John Calvin and Martian Luther Leader of protestant reformation
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Osman founder of the ottomans, started out as a small Muslim stare Anatolia
Murad II, resorted military
Mehmet II (1453), overtook Constantinople and made it Istanbul
Suleiman the grim, defeated safavias, Syria, Palestine, Mecca, Medirna and Cairo
Suleiman
 social achievements; social structure, Law code, Limit taxes Decline in
bureaucracy
 cultural achievements; poetry History, Geography, astronomy, astronomy,
math, architecture
Ismail, a ruler of the safaid empire that helped them rise to power by conquest
Carpets influenced the safaid empire; Persian rug industry
Shite Islam
Continued conflict among Muslims
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Europeans had compass’ astrolabe and caravans to help explore and trade
European exploration increased tension inside Europe
Treaty of tordesillas was an agreement to separate the exploration world; line of demarcation was
the line that separated the world
Columbus found the “new world” opening up a vast exploration age
Only the government was allowed to conduct trade
Trade only available at specific ports
China would only trade with Dutch; to trade with the Chinese you had to accept the restrictions
and apply Japanese customs. British didn’t, the Dutch did.
During the Ming there was exploration in the 1st half, 2nd half closed country
Japan went into isolationism under tokugawa shogunate. Nothing was imported or exported
Portuguese, once let to explore introduced many items, including firearms influencing the samurai
Japan let Christian missionaries in then once they went back into a closed country policy if the
missionaries from Europe didn’t get out they were prosecuted
A map
created in
1587
1400
1500
1600
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Started because of the demand for Africans to do manual labor, they had immunity
to some disease and they could farm
1500-1600 , 300,000 Africans were brought to work on Spanish plantations
Slave trade became huge when slaves were brought to the Americas
England dominated the slave trade (1.7 million)and presence in America
African rulers and merchants played an active role, they captured other Africans to
sell to Europeans..
Africans brought to America were part of the triangular trade.
 One trade route manufactured goods went from Europe to west Africa, then
from Africa came slaves that went to the west indies. There sugar, coffee and
tobacco and sailed to Europe
 Another trade route rum went form new England colonies to west Africa.
Traders brought Africans to the west indies and sold them for sugar. Then the
sugar was sold to the rum producers in new England.
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1500-1600
1700
1690-1806
Arable; capable of growing and sustaining crops
Artisan; a skilled worker, who makes goods by hands
Bureaucracy; a system of departments and agencies formed to carry out the work of governments
City-state; a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit
Civilization; a form of culture characterized by cities. Specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping
and advances technology
Continent; one of the main landmasses of the globe, usually reckoned as seven in number
Cultural diffusion; the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another
Culture; a peoples unique way of life
Democracy; a government controlled by its citizens
Domestication; taming of animals for human use
Dynasty; a series of rulers from a single family
Empire; a political unit in which a number of peoples are controlled by a single ruler
Ethnocentrism; one culture thinking that their culture is the best
Golden age; a time of peace and prosperity with little to no wars and advances in literature, since, technology
and art
Interdependence; the quality or condition of being interdependent, or mutually reliant on each other
Latitude; the angular distance north or south from the equator
Longitude; the angular distance east or west from the prime meridian
Mandate of heaven; the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority
Migration; the act of moving from one place to settle in another
Monarchy; the government in which the power is in the hands of a single person
Monotheism; the religious belief in only one god
Philosophers; a thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society and
morality
Polytheism; the religious belief in more than one god
Specialization; a development of skills in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping
Subcontinent; a large landmass that forms a distinct part of a continent
Technology; the ways in which people apply knowledge tools and inventions to meet their needs
Theocracy; a government in which the ruler is viewed as divine figure
Traditional economy; a government system based on the needs of a civilization
Absolute monarch; a king or queen who has unlimited power
Annul; to cancel or set aside
Cabinet; a group of advisors chosen by the head of a country to help make government
decisions
Capitalism; an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of
money in business ventures to make a profit
Colony; a land controlled by another nation
Conquistador; Spanish soldiers
Constitutional monarchy; a system of governing in which the rulers power is limited by law
Creoles; colonist born in Latin America but to Spanish parents
Divine right; the idea that monarchs are gods representatives on earth and are therefore
answerable only to god
Encomienda; a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas
favorable balance of trade; an economic situation I which a country sells more goods
abroad than it buys
Ghazi; a warrior or Islam
Glorious revolution; the bloodless overthrow of English king James II
Glyph; a symbolic picture used as part of writing
Mestizo; a person of mixed Spanish and native American ancestry
Middle passage; the voyage that brought captured Africans to the west indies and later to
north and south America to be sold as slaves
Mulatto; persons of mixed European and African ancestry
Patron; a person who supports artist
Peninsulares; Spanish colonial society, colonist born in Spain
Hunted big game
b) Domesticated animals
c) Had simple societies
a)
Had irrigation systems
b) had art
c) Had the Nazca lines
a)
Were a complex society
b) Were a nomadic society
c) Was famous for domestication
a)
Tenochtitlan
b) Jamestown
c) Cuzco
a)
39 provinces
b) 38 provinces
c) 52 province
a)
Chiampas
b) Calendar
c) Number system
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Republic
b) Dictatorship
c) theocracy
a)
a)
b)
c)
Was a caste system
Was defined but you were able to move
positions
Extended family group
Near a river
b) Near and on mountains
c) On a plateau
a)
The time in Europe during the crusades
b) A time of prosperity with many wars
c) A time of peace and prosperity
a)
Fantasies
b) Love stories
c) Things that reflected what was going on
a)
Peasants
b) Genius's
c) philosophers
a)
They were great artist
b) they patronized artist
c) They wrote books
a)
Florence
b) Spain
c) Portugal
a)
Latin
b) Spanish
c) English
a)
French, roman, Italian, English
b) Latin, French, Gaelic, Albanian
c) French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
a)
Middle ages
b) Renaissance
c) Roman empire
a)
The crusades
b) Questioning ideas and religions
c) Education decreasing
a)
Anglican, eastern orthodox, roman
catholic
b) Anglican, Calvinist, Lutheran, Anabaptist
c) Methodist, Anglican, roman, eastern
a)
To support the church
b) To reform the church
c) To convert people to Muslim
a)
The presents revolted due to the
protestant reformation
b) The Jews were welcomed into Europe
after the protestant reformation
c) There were religious wars as an effect of
the reformation
a)
End of the crusades
b) The pope making new laws
c) A new ruler
a)
Indulgences
b) That people were sinners
c) predestination
a)
Luther
b) Suleiman
c) Stalin
a)
a)
b)
c)
Potatoes industry
Stone carved art
Persian rugs
a)
b)
c)
To have a fresh start in life
To work on farms and do manual labor
To take care of European children
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A
B
A
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B
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C
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B
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B