Transcript History of London

Gymnázium J. V. Jirsíka, F. Šrámka 23, 371 46 České Budějovice
PROJEKT GJVJ 2012
Registrační číslo projektu
CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0342
13. History of London
Autor:
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Datum vytvoření:
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Popis:
Mgr. Kateřina Řeřichová
Gymnázium J. V. Jirsíka, Fr. Šrámka 23,
České Budějovice
anglický jazyk
23.2.2013
3. ročník čtyřletého typu studia a
odpovídající ročníky víceletých typů
studia
výklad s procvičením
prezentace o historii Londýna
( Keltové, Římané, „Great fire of
London“, morová rána, Londýn v
současnosti ), procvičení učiva
London in Roman times
• People used to live along the
river Thames during the Stone
Age
• In Bronze and Iron Age Celtic
tribes settled there
• 43 A.D. – Romans invaded
Britain and settled on the
northern coast of the Thames
• Old English word “Llyndum”
probably comes from that
time
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_01_2013_Roman_wall_5335.
JPG
Autor: Mariordo(Mario Roberto Durán Ortiz), BY-SA, 23.02.2013
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/London_01_2013_Ro
man_wall_5323.JPG
Autor: Mariordo(Mario Roberto Durán Ortiz), BY-SA, 23.2.2013
Basic information about London
• Capital city of the UK –
situated in the south-east
• Population of about 8 million
people
• Greater London is divided
into 32 boroughs
• Centre of politics, commerce,
finance and culture
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Southwark,_More_London,_City_Hall,_Sh
ard_London_Bridge,_river_Thames.jpg
Autor: Kadellar, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
• Multicultural city (a lot of
minorities)
• The Mayor of Central London
is Boris Johnson
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:City_of_London_skyline_from_London_City_
Hall_-_Oct_2008.jpg
Autor: David Iliff, CC BY-SA, 23.2.2013
London in Roman times
• The Romans built the first
permanent wooden bridge
over the Thames – attracted
settlers
• Permanent settlement –
Londinium
• 60 A.D. – attacked by Queen
Boadicea and her tribe –
burnt down
• The city was rebuilt again –
built Forum and the temple
of Mithras ( still remains
near the Guildhall )
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Remains_of_the_Temple_of_Mithras__geograph.org.uk_-_526924.jpg
Autor: Oxyman, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
London during the Anlo-Saxons and
the Normans
• In 8th century – London
became the royal residence
for the first time
• Damaged by the Vikings
• Flourished during King Alfred
the Great
• 10th century – London
became the richest and the
biggest city in England
• 11th century – William the
Conqueror – built the White
Tower
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_White_Tower_at_the_Tower_of_London__geograph.org.uk_-_1371573.jpg
Autor: Rod Allday, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
The plague and the Great Fire of
London
• 1665 – epidemic of plague –
68 000 people died
• Sunday 2nd September 1666
– bakery in Pudding Lane
near London Bridge caught
fire
• The fire spread very quickly
( hot summer, wooden
houses ) – burnt for 4 days
• Only one fifth of the City
survived
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Great_Fire_of_London,_with_Lu
dgate_and_Old_St._Paul%27s.JPG
PD, 23.2.2013
Renovation of the City
• Sir Christopher Wren – the
main architect of the new City
• Changed the character of
London forever
• Houses were built from stone
and brick
• Streets were wide and straight
• New St Paul`s Cathedral was
built (completed in 1712)
• The City became more or less
commercial centre ( not many
people lived there any more)
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cathedrale_st_paul_%C3%A0_londres.j
pg
PD, 23.2.2013
Victorian London
• Great construction boom
• Great influence of building the
railway
• Many suburbs built in Victorian
style
• Buckingham Palace became
the seat of the royal family
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Victorian_Terraced_Houses_Nort
h_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_657783.jpg
Autor: Nigel Mykura, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
• Crystal Palace built to host the
Great Exhibition in 1851
• 1863 – first tube station built
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Victorian_Houses,_London_Rd__geograph.org.uk_-_1190252.jpg
Autor: Nigel Chadwick, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
Victorian East End
• Was always behind the rich
West End
• Industrial area – especially dirty
industries
• In Victorian times – things got
worse – many immigrants from
France, Poland etc. overcrowded
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Poverty_map_old_nichol_1889.jpg
PD-US, 1.4.2013
• High criminality rate,
prostitution, drunkenness,
violence
• 1888 - Jack the Ripper`s
murders of prostitutes in this
area
Part of Charles Booth's poverty map
showing Commercial Road in Whitechapel
1889. The red areas are "well-to-do" and
black areas are the "lowest
class...occasional labourers, street sellers,
loafers, criminals and semi-criminals".
London in 20th century
• World War II – London City
badly damaged by bombing
• 1952 - Elizabeth II crowned in
Westminster Abbey
• 60s – decline of London
Docklands
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Docklands,_London.JPG
Autor: Pilgab, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
• 1981 – wedding of Prince
Charles with Lady Diana in St
Paul`s
• 80s – the controversial
reconstruction of the
Docklands started
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_Docklands_in_Fog.jpg
Autor: Nuty 350, BY-SA, 23.2.2013
London in 20th century
• 2012 – celebrations of the
Diamond Jubilee of Queen
Elizabeth II – 60 years on
throne
• Summer 2012 – the Summer
Olympic Games
• London has hosted the
Olympics three times – 1908,
1948 and 2012
• Great involvement of the
public – volunteering
• The team of GB – 65 total
medals – the best result since
1908
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_Olympics.jpg
PD, 1.4.2013
True or false?
• The name “London” probably comes from Roman times
• Ken Livingstone is the present Mayor of London
• London has never been damaged by enemies
• The Tower of London was built in 11th century
• The Great Fire damaged half of the City in 1665
• Christopher Wren designed the new City and cathedral
• West End had the same standard of living as East End in
Victorian times
• Summer Olympics were held in London for the first time
Thank you for your attention.
Seznam pramenů a literatury
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_London
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_London
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_London
• http://www.britannia.com/history/londonhistory/norlon.html
• http://www.britannia.com/history/londonhistory/medlon.html
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics
Seznam pramenů a literatury
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