Transcript From MDE (model driven engineering) to CT and back

From MDE (model driven
engineering) to CT and back
Zinovy Diskin
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My experience
• ….. Algebraic logic
• 1993-97 --- Database design for a private
company in Latvia
• 98-2004 –- Business analyst in US
• 05-present --- Several academia/industry
projects on MDE in Canada (funded 50/50)
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Vancouver, CT'2011
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CT for SE, why?
• CT’s applications for Physics, Comp. Science,
Linguistics… are well known, so what?
• Size
• Quality
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Modeling of modeling
modeling
Model
World

reasonin
interpretation
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Modeling of modeling: Comp.Sci
deep
reasoning
deep
abstraction
Model
World

interpretation
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Modeling of modeling: Engineering
shallow
abstraction
World
shallow
reasoning
Model

interpretation
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Modeling in Science vs. in Engineering
Ordinary math structures:
few sorts, few relations, few operations
simple carrier structures but complex formulas
Difficult theorems from simple axioms
SE structures:
hundreds of sorts, rels, operations
complex carrier structures but simple formulas
Simple theorems from difficult axioms
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Modeling of modeling: Engineering
1001
shallow
shallow
abstractions
abstraction
1001 shallow
reasoning
Model
World

interpretation
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Content
•
•
•
•
What MDE is
Models as generalized sketches
Towers of models: metamodeling vs. logic
Three dimensions of the model universe:
– typing, model matching, updates
• Observations and speculations
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Building software with MDE
Requirements --> Analysis --> Design --> Codin
World
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Models Code
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UML offers 13 types of diagrams
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Structural problems of MDE
Code
World

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MDE in Canada: the NECSIS project
• Total budget is CAD….. for 5 years
• 7 Universities across Canada (McMaster,
Waterloo, UofT, UBC, McGill…)
• 20 professors,
• Funded by GM, IBM, NSERC
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A UML class diagram and its instance
Model M
Person
name: string [1]
tel: integer [1..3]
driver
1..2
drives
Car
num: string [1]
Instance I of M
P1: Person
1:driver
2:drives
C1:Car
num=100
name = John
tel = {11,22}
4:drives
P2: Person
name = Mary
tel = {11,33}
3:driver
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Models as generalized sketches
Model M
Person
name: Str [1]
tel: Int [1..3]
driver
drives
1..2
Persons with names A*
drive 2 cars
drives
A*-Person
Person
tel [1..3]
name [1]
num: Str [1]
2
Car
num [1]
[Str]
[Int]
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[inverse]
driver [1..2]
Car
[A*-Str]
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Semantics of constraints
A gen. sketch is given by the following data:
• A signature of diagram predicates
ar: Pred --> Graph (= cat. of graphs)
Given P in Pred, its semantics is
[[P]] \subset Graph(_,ar(P))
• An ar-sketch is S=(GS, CS) with GS the carrier graph
and CS a set of constraints
{(P,d): P in Pred, d: ar(P)--> GS }
• Given an “instance” I, tI: GI --> GS, and a constraint
c=(P,d) in CS, we define
I|= c iff PBd(tI) in [[P]]
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Metamodeling sketches
Metamod Mske
P in Pred
….
P-diagrams
2
12
1
23
2
3
12
23
13
ar(P)
1
13
Mske
Mgra
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Arrows
Nodes
3
tS
GS+
sketch S
GI+
|= ?
GS
GI
tI
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Logics as a model tower
Logic
Grammar
MetaMetamodel
modeling
Metamod
Object ref
attribute
Value
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Theory
Model
Model
Instance
Person:Obj
drives:ref
name
:attr
Car:Obj
num:
Str:Val attr
Int: Val
Vancouver, CT'2011
Inst.
P1:Obj 2:ref
1:attr
C1:Obj
John:Val
3:num
001:Val
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Inter-model relationships
(O=E)
R
(Object)
MM
(Person)
(Ana)
I
M
(P=E)
MN
NR
MR
IMN
I
(Entity)
NN
(A=A)
IJ
JMN
//
(EmploN yee)
(Ann)
J
J
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Typing
Everything changes
Src-Trg
//
MM
NN
Updates
M
I
//
//
M’
I’
N
J
N’
//
//
J’
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Observations/Speculations
• “shallow modeling” needs special structuring
mechanisms (SSMs): classification, nesting,
AND-OR operations
• Inter-model relationships are complex
structures that needs SSMs too: comma cats,
profunctors, …
• It is easier to talk to a software engineer than
to a computer scientist
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Typing
Src-Trg
r
A
u
tA
tB
Updates
S
r: r
r
A
v
B
B
a
A
B
b
r':r
B
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UML state machine diagrams
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UML sequence diagrams
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UML class diagram
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