Transcript Neue Bibliotheken in der Kulturhauptstadt Ruhr

EBLIDA and copyright
Challenges on libraries
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen ©Harald Müller, mpil
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
„From Brussels with love“
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
The mission of the Expert
Group on Information Law
(EGIL) is to:
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Maintain a good awareness of legal issues that
affect the provision and circulation of
information, especially where libraries and
archives are concerned
Address the European institutions by making
suggestions regarding laws, or changes to laws
that would improve the legal position of libraries
and archives
Cooperate and work with other organizations
and institutions for these purposes.
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Copyright activities
in Europe
1. Green paper on copyright in the knowledge economy
2. Manuel Medina Ortega Report on copyright
3. Proposals to extend the term of copyright protection for sound
recordings
4. Google Book US Settlement Agreement information hearing,
Brussels
5. Orphan works
6. Copyright infringement
7. ACTA
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Copyright challenges
in Europe
1. Green paper on copyright in the knowledge economy
2. Manuel Medina Ortega Report on copyright
3. Proposals to extend the term of copyright protection for sound
recordings
4. Google Book US Settlement Agreement information hearing,
Brussels
5. Orphan works
6. Copyright infringement
7. ACTA
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
25 questions
Libraries are sometimes directly mentioned
 Sometimes questions are putative innocent, only
for experts understandable
 Choice & formulation of questions defines a
topic
 Responsible: Not EU Commission, but DG
internal market and services, unit D1 = Tilman
Lüder
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Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Samples:
(1) Should there be encouragement or guidelines for contractual
arrangements between right holders and users for the implementation of
copyright exceptions?
(4) Should certain categories of exceptions be made mandatory to ensure
more legal certainty and better protection of beneficiaries of exceptions?
(6) Should the exception for libraries and archives remain unchanged
because publishers themselves will develop online access to their
catalogues?
(9) Should the law be clarified with respect to whether the scanning of works
held in libraries for the purpose of making their content searchable on the
Internet goes beyond the scope of current exceptions to copyright?
(10) Is a further Community statutory instrument required to deal with the
problem of orphan works, which goes beyond the Commission
Recommendation 2006/585/EC of 24 August 2006?
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
More samples:
(19) Should the scientific and research community enter into
licensing schemes with publishers in order to increase access
to works for teaching or research purposes? Are there examples
of successful licensing schemes enabling online use of works
for teaching or research purposes?
(20) Should the teaching and research exception be clarified so as
to accommodate modern forms of distance learning?
(21) Should there be a clarification that the teaching and research
exception covers not only material used in class-rooms or
educational facilities, but also use of works at home for study?
(22) Should there be mandatory minimum rules as to the length of
the excerpts from works which can be reproduced or made
available for teaching and research purposes?
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Green paper
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several preliminary versions
media industry influence on questions
which EU clerk wrote the text?
contacting the person by EBLIDA-EGIL
insider information most helpfull for answering the questions
fine tuning with national library organisations
answer: www.eblida.org/uploads/eblida/10/1228208920.pdf
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Major defects of
Directive 2001/29/EC
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absolute monopoly power of the right holder
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list of exceptions is exhaustive
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only one of 21 exceptions is obligatory
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exceptions are not all implemented in Member States,
and if implemented they are implemented differently
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= no copyright harmonization in Europe
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Ortega report
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Manuel Medina Ortega (EP Socialist Group)
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http://www.europarl.europa.eu/members/archive/term6/view.do?language=EN&id=1337
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Member European Parliament
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31.01.2007 / 13.07.2009 : Committee on Legal Affairs
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rapporteur for copyright
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meeting 8./9. Sept. 2008
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Mr. Ortega and copyright
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16. Oct. 2008: meeting EBLIDA with Mr. Ortega
14. Jan. 2009: Ortega report published
Draft report on the Commission report on the application
of Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonisation of certain
aspects of copyright and related rights in the information
society (2008/2121(INI))
Directive 2001/29/EC is “satisfying”
ignores “orphan works”
objects “limitations”
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
EBLIDA letter to all EP
members 28. Jan. 2009
We ask you to reject the submission.
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Report‘s fate
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Committee on Legal Affairs approves 16.02.09
EBLIDA contact with other lobbying groups
 alternative version Ortega report
 23. Feb. 2009: Ortega report had been
withdrawn
from European Parliament agenda
 Big success of lobbying activties
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Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Term extension
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Term of protection:
from 50 to 95 years
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sound recordings
in favour of musicians (studio, concert)
supply of twilight years (age of retirement)
initiative of music industry
BUT: EU study „Recasting of Copyright and Related
Rights for the Knowledge Economy“ came 2006 to
contrary results
also: Gowers Report UK 2006
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
EBLIDA-EGIL letters July 2008
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EU commissioners:
Ján Figel (Education, Training, Culture & Youth)
Neelie Kroes (Competition)
Meglena Kuneva (Consumer Protection)
Charlie McCreevy (Internal Market and Services)
Janez Potocnik (Science and Research)
Viviane Reding (InfoSoc)
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Arguments against term
extension:
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Sound recordings in
libraries & archives
Cultural heritage, oral
history
Public domain
Orphan works
>>>> Intensive
lobbying activities
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Google Books Library Project
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Libraries
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Columbia University
Cornell University Library
Harvard University
Princeton University
Stanford University
University of California
University of Michigan
New York Public Library
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Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
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Universiteitsbibliotheek Gent
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Keio University Library
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Bibliothèque Municipale de Lyon
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Biblioteca de Catalunya
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Oxford University Library
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Universitas Complutense Madrid
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Bibliothèque Universitaire - Lausanne
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
All books
Out of copyright books
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Google Book Settlement
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
YES to Google Book Project
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IFLA
EBLIDA
LIBER
National lib.ass.
Objections
• digital divide
• monopoly of Google
• long term preservation
• data protection
• contracts vs. Statutory
exceptions and limitations
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Orphan works legal options
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1. No action
The assumption is that there are not orphan works. If you continue searching, you will eventually find the right
holders.
2. Statutory exception
After a diligent search, if the right holders are not found, it could be possible to use the orphan work, without
being exposed to liability. Two cases are possible:
2.1 without compensation. Remuneration is done only if the right holder
appears.
2.2 compensation to a collecting society.
3. Extensive collective licenses (Nordic model)
Based on the legal authorisation that the collecting societies have the rights to represent all the right owners.
One of the problems is that, if collecting societies, they get paid any way, they do not have a real interest to
search for the right owner.
4. Canadian model:
After a diligent search, the government gives a licence.
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Orphan works
EBLIDA‘s suggestion
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For addition to Article 5 (3) of the copyright Directive, draft for
discussion offered to indicate the kind of exception that libraries are looking
for:
Member States may provide for exceptions or limitations to the rights
provided for in Articles 2 and 3 in the following cases:
(p) uses by publicly accessible libraries, educational establishments,
museums or archives of a work whose author cannot be identified or
located after
reasonable
investigation
conducted for the purpose by the
after
reasonable
investigation
institution concerned; provided that the author’s moral rights are as far as
possible respected and that the use shall cease on the request of a
legitimate rightholder should he subsequently become known.
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Copyright infringement
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Copyright infringement
• illegal downloads (music, films etc.)
• plagiarism
• illegal publication / making available
• legal term: 3rd party infringement
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
ACTA ???
Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement
is a proposed plurilateral trade agreement for establishing international
standards on intellectual property rights enforcement throughout the
participating countries
quite secret negotiations
EU Parliament demands restrictions
Publication and transparency of the actual draft
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Conclusion
Copyright is
a permanent challenge for libraries.
Lobbying is:
Important
Successful
EBLIDA-EGIL „will return“
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010
Thank you very much for
your attention!!!
[email protected]
www.eblida.org; www.eblida.org/index.php?page=egil
.
http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/copyrightforlibrarians/
Klaus-Peter Böttger, Stadtbibliothek Essen
Goethe-Institut Istanbul 31.03.2010