PS: Introduction to Psycholinguistics Winter Term 2005/06 Instructor: Daniel Wiechmann Office hours: Mon 2-3 pm Email: [email protected]

Phone: 03641-944534 Web: www.daniel-wiechmann.net

Language production:

from thought to implementation

 Processes of speech production fall into three broad areas:  Conceptualization  Formulation  Encoding

Language production:

conceptualization

 Highest level  Processes of conceptualization involve determining

what to say

(often called

message level processes

)  Speakers conceive an

intention

and select relevant information from memory  Product is a

preverbal message

Language production:

macroplanning vs. microplanning

 Macroplanning involves the elaboration of the

communicative goals

into a

series of subgoals

and the

retrieval of appropriate information

 Microplanning involves assigning the right

propositional shape

to these chunks of information, and deciding on

information structural properties

(i.e., e.g., topic, focus, etc.)

Language production:

formulation

 Processes of formulation involve translating the conceptual representation into a linguistic form  Two major processses: 

lexicalization

(selection of individual words) 

syntactic planning

Language production:

encoding

 Processes of encoding involve detailed phonological and articulatory planning  Phonological encoding involves turning words into sounds  Sounds must be produced in the correct sequence and specify how the muscles of the articulatory system should be moved

Language production:

speech production processes (Levelt 1989) CONCEPTUALIZATION macroplanning & microplanning FORMULATION lexicalization & syntactic planning ARTICULATION phonological encoding & preparing instructions for articulatory system

Language production:

Levelt 1989: Model overview