Transcript Энергетическая стратегия России (ЭС

The actual problems of
Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency
in Russia
A.I. Gromov
Deputy General Director
Institute for Energy Strategy
PhD in Economic Geography
Northeast Asia International Conference for Economic Development
1
2009 Niigata, Japan
Energy intensity of GDP (by PPP) in Russia
100,0
95,0
96,7
Results of policy in
energy efficiency:
88,0
85,0
87,8
85,0
%
89,9
92,4
90,0
82,4
80,0
83,3
80,0
78,0
78,4
75,0
75,6
70,0
65,0
70,8
Specific energy intensity - actual
Decrease in
energy intensity
of Russian
economy
by 34%
66,1
Specific energy intensity - forecast by Energy Strategy 2020
60,0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Reasons of decrease in energy intensity between 2000 and 2008:
Structural transformation of Russian economy (rapid growth of services)
Growth of world prices for energy resources
2
Energy intensity of GDP (by PPP) in the world
Reasons of high
energy intensity of
Russian economy
0,6
0,53
0,55
0,5
0,49
0,5
Severe climatic conditions
0,4
Specific allocation of
population and industry;
necessity for extensive
transport communications
0,35
0,3
0,28
0,26
0,25
0,23
0,22
0,21
0,21
0,2
0,16 0,16 0,16
0,15
Prevalence of “heavy”
energy-intensive industries in
national economy
0,16
0,14
0,12
0,1
0,1
0,05
U
K
Ja
pa
n
Fr
an
c
G
er e
m
an
y
U
SA
C
an
ad
a
R
U
SS
IA
N
or
w
a
Sw y
ed
en
Fi
nl
an
B
el
or d
us
si
a
U
kr
K
az ain
e
ak
hs
ta
n
C
hi
na
W
O
R
LD
0
Ita
ly
t o.e./ 1000 USD
0,45
Technological backwardness
of some industries
Underestimated price of
energy resources in home
market, which doesn’t
stimulate energy saving
3
Barriers for energy saving and energy
efficiency in Russia
Lack of motivation
•Budget constraints
•Comparatively low energy tariffs
•Cross-subsidizing
•Shortage of controlling tools in
energy consumption
2
Lack of information
•Weak informational support of
measures in energy saving and
energy efficiency
•Stereotyped energy-wasteful behavior
3
Lack of experience in
financing projects in
energy saving and
energy efficiency
•Exacting requirements for projects in
energy saving and energy efficiency
from investment banks
1
4
Lack of organizational
and coordinating skills
•Increase in energy efficiency is not
perceived as a cure for a wide range
of economic and social problems
4
Potential for energy saving in Russia
Services,
construction
9,6
Agriculture
3,6
Living apartments
18,3
State institutions
5,2
Fuel production
5,3
APG combustion
5,5
Consumption of energy
resources can be reduced by:
20% in heat supply
45% of the
current
consumption
Electroenergetics
15,2
40% in transportation and
industry
Heat supply
9,9
Transportation
13,1
30% in electroenergetics
Industry
14,2
50% in living apartments
Strategic targets in energy saving and energy efficiency in Russia
President D.A. Medvedev: reduction of energy intensity of Russian GDP by 45% by
the year of 2020 (compared with the level of 2007)
Energy Strategy 2030: reduction of energy intensity of Russian GDP by 2.5-3 times
5
by the year of 2030 (compared with the level of 2007)
Key directions of the Russian energy policy for
energy saving and energy efficiency
Housing and
communal services
Rational utilization
of APG, RES
•Wide-scale introduction of
equipment controlling energy
consumption
•Obligatory standards for
energy efficiency for new and
reconstructed buildings
•Modernization of heat and
water supply systems
•Introduction of energy saving
technologies in outdoor lighting,
sanitation and etc.
•Provision state organizations
with legal rights for allocation
funds obtained from energy
saving
•Elimination of infrastructure,
technological and legal barriers
for rational use of APG
(increase in APG-utilization
coefficient up to 95%)
•Wide-scale introduction and
use of RES (5-fold increase in
electricity production on the
basis of RES)
•Top priority of decentralized
heat- and power supply
systems, rational use of local
RES and modern technologies
and equipment in the Siberia
and Far East
Effective use of
energy resources in
industry
•Ban against energy-wasteful
technologies
•Obligatory standards for
energy efficiency
•Development of energy
services
•Modernization of statistical
accounting in the sphere of
energy saving and energy
efficiency
•Energy audit of all the
enterprises on a regularly basis
•Monitoring of energy saving
programs
Rationalization of prices for energy resources in home market
Informational support of arrangements in energy saving and energy
efficiency aimed at alteration of wasteful stereotypes of energy
consumption among population
6
Investment in energy saving
and energy efficiency in Russia
Total investment volume: 320 billion USD*
Effect for:
End users
•Saving of 80*
billion USD
•Payback – 4 years
!
National economy
•Saving of 120-150*
billion USD
•Payback – 2-3 years
The cost of energy saving and improvement of
energy efficiency in Russia is
3 times cheaper
than expansion of energy resources’ extraction
* Official exchange rate, 2007
7
Expected results of energy saving and increase
in energy efficiency in Russia
1
Saving of 240 bln m3 of natural gas, 340 bln kilowatt-hour of
electric power, 90 mln t of coal and 45 mln t of oil and oil products
2
Improvement in competitiveness of national economy under
conditions of growing tariffs for energy resources
3
Increase in revenues from extra export of oil and natural gas:
84 – 112 bln USD
4
5
Decrease in governmental expanses:
3 – 5 bln USD
Reduction in СО2 –emissions: 790 mln t/year
(Volume of emissions in 2030 = 80% of 1990’s level)
Improvement of ecological situation in the country
Rise of national status in resolving global ecological problems
8
Thank you
for your
attention!
9