Transcript SMALL SURFACE M/NM MINES

FOR PROTECTING MINERS AT
SMALL SURFACE M/NM MINES
(Crushed Stone, Sand & Gravel, etc.)
Rocky Mountain District
Denver, CO
AIR QUALITY
30 CFR § 56.5002
“EXPOSURE MONITORING”
• Dust, gas, mist and fume surveys
shall be conducted as frequently
as necessary to determine the
adequacy of control measures.
• Airborne Contaminants
Airborne Contaminants ?
• What are they at your mine?
– Mineral Dust ?
• Silica/Quartz (Respirable)
• Nuisance Particulate
• ????Fibers
– Fumes?
• Welding
• Solvents
– Gases and Mists?
• CO (shops, enclosed workplaces, cabs, booths)
• Cleaning (atomizing)
– Others………..?
What Are Dusts?
• Solid particles suspended in air
• Generated by blasting, drilling, crushing,
grinding, etc.
The Body Defends Against Dust By:
• Trapping larger particles in the nasal
passages, throat, trachea, larynx
• Trapping particles in mucous and carrying
them up the airways where they are
coughed out or swallowed (mucociliary
escalator)
Silica dust may be a hazard, if
• it is in the respirable
range: small enough to
get into the air sacs
(alveoli) ----basically
less than 10 microns in
size
bronchiole
• it is present in high
enough concentrations
alveoli
How Does Silica Affect The Body?
• Silica particles build
up in the lungs
leading to a type of
dust disease
(pneumoconiosis)
called silicosis
• Makes affected
workers more
susceptible to TB
• Causes cancer
Silicosis : Severity of Disease
Dust Concentration
Percent of free silica
Duration of exposure
Size of particles (respirable??)
Development of Silicosis is:
• More Likely With:
• Inadequate dust control measures
• Inadequate respiratory protection
• Lack of medical screening
• Lack of air monitoring
NUISANCE PARTICULATES
(Total Dust)
• TLV: 10mg/M3
• IRRATANT
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Respiratory system
Sinus membranes
Mucous tract
Skin
Eyes
Some Nuisance Particulate*
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Alundum
Calcium Carbonate
Cellulose (paper fiber)
Portland Cement
Corundum
Emery
Glass, fibrous or dust
Glycerin Mist
Vegetable oil mists
(some exceptions)
• Kaolin
•
*Sio2 less than 1%
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Limestone
Magnesite
Marble
Pentaerythritol
Plaster of Paris
Rouge
Silicon Carbide
Starch
Sucrose
Tin Oxide
Titanium Dioxide
Evaluate Worker Exposures By:
• Doing work area inspections
• Sampling, monitoring workers
• Observing work practices
Monitoring: Personal Exposures
REDUCE Dust Exposures:
• Assess potential for exposure
• Use engineering controls, such as:
Dust Collectors
Environmental cabs and booths
Water Sprays
HEPA Filters and Vacuum (Don’t cleanup
with brooms/shovels)
M 62.110
M Must establish: SYSTEM OF MONITORING
M Performance based.
M System sufficient to determine
compliance with rule.
M Assess miner’s noise exposure over full
work shift.
Noise Monitoring
M Specific requirements for determining miner’s noise
dose.
M Use appropriate integration range:
M 80-130 for AL
M 90-140 for PEL and DHPL
and
M 90 dBA criterion level
M 5 dB exchange rate
M A-weighting & slow response
Cannot adjust for hearing protector worn.
Noise Monitoring
M Notify miner of exposure at or above AL, and above
the PEL and DHPL.
M Must be in writing and given to miner within 15
days of determination.
M Copy must be kept as long as miner exposed at or
above AL, plus 6 months.
M Miners and their representative have right to
observe monitoring. (no pay required)
ADMINISTRATIVE
CONTROLS
ROTATE WORKERS / WORK SCHEDULES
ESTABLISH REGULATED AREAS
PUT UP WARNING SIGNS & BARRICADES
ELIMINATE THE JOB
IMPROVE EDUCATION & TRAINING
CONTROL AT POINT OF
WORKER
JOB ROTATION
 ENCLOSURE
 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
 TRAINING & EDUCATION
 PERSONAL MONITORING
 MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
MINERS:
OBSERVE RULES • work practices, cleanup, hygiene
 NOTIFY SUPERVISORS OF
HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND
PROBLEMS WITH CONTROL
MEASURES
 MAINTENANCE
 USE REQUIRED PPE