Transcript Presentation: ping and traceroute demonstration

Ping and traceroute demonstration
Skills: Use Ping and Traceroute and Query
the Whois database
IT concepts: network transit time, router
hops, IP registration database, the Internet
as a network of networks, backbone network
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoncommercialShare Alike 3.0 License.
Network connection and display
characteristics
• Internet concepts
– Applications
– Technology (connectivity)
– Implications for
• Individuals
• Organizations
• Society
• Internet skills
– Application development
– Content creation
• Text
• Images
• Audio
• Video
Ping and traceroute
• Ping
– measure the time for a packet to travel to a
remote host and back
– The server sends back an acknowledgment
when the packet arrives
• Traceroute
– list the router hops between the client host
and a remote host.
– The IP address and domain name (if there is
one) of each router is returned to the client
Ping clients
• Windows comes with a Ping client
• It has a command line interface, not a
graphical user interface
• It is run from a DOS command line
window
For more on command line versus graphical user interfaces see:
http://bpastudio.csudh.edu/fac/lpress//471/hout/misc/guivcli.htm
Open a command line window
Start > Run
Command line prompt (>) with a
blinking cursor
The prompt shows the current directory
DOS is ready for an operating system command or execution
of a program – type the command or program name
Ping command line
Program name
Remote host domain name
Ping results
1
2
3
4
1. The command to ping www.pepperdine.edu four times
2. The replies took between 36 and 38 milliseconds
3. No packets were lost
4. The average ping time was 37 milliseconds
Prefixes for small quantities
Prefix
Meaning
Fraction
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
One tenth
One hundredth
One thousandth
One millionth
1/10
1/100
1/1,000
1/1,000,000
Nano
Pico
One billionth
One trillionth
1/1,000,000,000
1/1,000,000,000,000
After these prefixes come femto, atto, zepto, and
yocto, each 1,000 times smaller than the previous.
A windows Ping client
Traceroute command line
Program name
Remote host domain name
Note the abbreviated program name tracert – early DOS
was limited to 8-character file names.
Traceroute results
Hop 1: my home LAN router
Hops 2-7: Verizon (my ISP) network
Hops 8-10: the Yahoo LAN
How do I know the IP address
130.81.17.229 and 130.81.14.98
belong to Verizon?
Query the Whois database for the
owner of 130.81.x.x
http://www.dnstools.com
OrgName: Verizon Internet Services Inc.
OrgID:
VRIS
Address: 1880 Campus Commons Dr
City:
Reston
StateProv: VA
PostalCode: 20191
Country: US
NetRange: 130.81.0.0 - 130.81.255.255
A longer route
Hop 1: my home LAN router
Hops 2-4: Verizon (my ISP) network (a backbone ISP)
Hops 5-6: Alternet (a backbone ISP)
Hops 7-11: Level 3 (a backbone ISP)
Hops 12-14: the Google LAN
Request timed out
This message indicates that the router security
settings keep it from revealing its identity or the
router and connection are slow.