Transcript East Asia and Russia - iMater Charter Middle/High School

East Asia and Russia
S
Japanese Reunification
S Hideyoshi
- successful warlord
- Invaded mainland Asia
- Invasion of Korea briefly successful but Japanese
military leaders leave after Hideyoshi’s death
S Effects of Hideyoshi
- Korean nobles receive more power
- Weakens Ming China
S Tokugawa Ieyasu takes control in 1543= Tokugawa
Shogunate
Tokugawa Shogunate
S Political unity (somewhat)
S Economic integration
S Daimyo required to visit Edo frequently
S Rice as a form of currency
S Edo one of the largest cities in the world
S Merchants gain power
S Samurai become accustomed to the finer things in life and lose
some of their status
Contact with Europe
S Firearms= very quick to adapt
S Little commercial interaction and closely regulated
S Catholic missionaries
S Jesuits= well received by daimyos intially
S Government suspicious/threatened
S Complete eradication of the religion
S Lack of European trade “the price to pay” for being rid
of Christian influence
Tokugawa Troubles
S Rapid population growth
S Rapid Economic growth
S Inability to stabilize rice prices
S Economic woes of the Samurai
S Struggle b/w new and traditional
The Later Ming Dynasty
S Assembly-line production of blue and white porcelain, silk
for SILVER
S Urban centers of cultural and commercial development
S Merit based system of government
S Industry and food production flourished
Ming Decline
S
Hon Wu
S
Rapid Urban Growth
S
Economic Expansion
S
Corruption
S Inefficiency
S
Labor uprisings and strikes
S
Insecure boarders
S Fighting with the Mongols of
the north and west
S
Manchus called in to help expel
the Japanese…. And stay
S Manchu start the Qing
dynasty
Trade and Missonaries
S Trade w/ China important (2nd to spices)
S Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch were the first to develop
trade
S Dutch East India Company- boots out the Portuguese
S Missionaries followed:
- Jesuits successful= adapt Christianity to culture
- brought science and tech
- eventually expelled
Kangxi
S Cancelled taxes 4 times-
royal coffers were SO FULL!
S Conquered Mongolia
S Very open to European ideas and tech
China’s Influence
Europe
S
S
S
Luxury goods- wallpaper, tea,
porcelain, and decorative items
China
S
Trade closely regulated (Canton)
S
Rarely bought foreign goods
S
England= wanted more trade
and China refused. East India
Company in trouble
Inoculation
Chinese rulers were the ideal
Qing Decline
S Pop. Explosion= environmental problems
- deforestation
- poor maintenance grand canal
S Rebellions grew
S 2x larger than Ming w/ same size gov= not capable of
handling problems
Russia Rising
S Muscovy gained independence from Golden Horde
S Prince Ivan IV greatly expanded territory
S Slavic and Christian Orthodox= 3rd Rome=rulers were tsars
(caesar)
S Poor, backward, and land locked= need for warm water port
S Siberia- path to the East, furs, penal colony= revenue and
Euro. tech
Society and Politics
S Expansion leads to new identities:
- Cossacks
S Religious quarrels:
- West Christian
- East Islam
S Rise in central power= fall in peasant freedom
- peasants to serfs (almost slaves) ½ pop.
Peter the Great
S
1689-1725
S
Controlled the church
S
Reduced isolation & increased
size/power
S
Trade and toleration= money
and innovation
S
St. Petersburg= window to the
west
S
Increased power of the tsar
S
Russia becomes a world power
S
Policies continued
- Catherine the Great= improved
farming and industry
S
Social reform:
- elite mimic Europeans dress
- women unveiled
Comparative Review
S
S
S
Russia and China grew rapidly.
Japan was decentralized and
colonies failed
Russian and Japanese armies
underwent radical changes.
China lagged behind.
S
China and Russia: diverse new
people
S
Japan and China: suspicious of
Christianity
S
Social hierarchy and forced labor
were common in Russian and
China
S
Russia sought trade while China
and Japan tried to control it.
Russia developed a navy. China
and Japan did not.