Transcript CIS 105 Survey of Computer Information Systems

CIS 105
Survey of Computer Information Systems
Essential Concepts and Terminology
Study Unit 9
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Telecommunications.
The process of sending information
of any kind over telephone lines.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Public Switched Telephone
Network (PSTN).
The technology enabling direct and
almost instantaneous connections
between any of nearly one-half
billion telephones world-wide.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Local Exchange Carriers
(LEC).
Telephone services which provide
direct, wired connections between
subscribers without accessing
long-distance carriers. Also known
as local access and transport areas
(LATA).
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Analog Telephone.
A device that transmits a
continuously varying signal
matching the acoustics of the
human voice.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Subscriber Loop Carrier
(SLC).
A telephone system installation that
connects as many as 96 subscribers (a
local loop) to a local exchange. The
SLC may transform local analog signals
to digital signals before transmission to
the local exchange.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Interexchange Carrier
(IXC).
A long-distance telephone
company.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Bandwidth.
The data transmission capacity of
a communications channel. The
bandwidth of a digital signal is
measured in bits per second (bps);
of an analog signal in Hertz.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
T1 Carrier.
Specially conditioned copper wires
capable of transmitting 24 voice
calls or 1.544 Mbps of data
simultaneously.
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Fiber-Optic Cable.
A bundle of thin strands of glass
used to transmit data by means of
pulses of light.
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T3 Carrier.
A fiber-optic cable capable of
transmitting 672 voice calls or 43
Mbps of data simultaneously.
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Microwaves.
An electromagnetic wave with a
frequency of at least 1 gigahertz.
High-frequency radio waves
requiring line-of-sight
transmission.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Wireless Networks.
Networks that use radio or infrared
signals (instead of cables) to
transmit data from one network
device to another.
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Cell Sites.
A network of automatic repeating
transmitters which broadcast a
signal throughout a limited
geographic are (a cell).
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Mobile Telephone
Switching Office (MTSO).
The technology connecting cell
sites and connected to the
standard PSTN telephone system.
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Modem.
A device that transforms digital
signals into analog form and viceversa. Modems send and receive
data to and from computers over
telephone lines.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Modulation.
The process of changing the
characteristics of a signal (for
example, when a modem changes
a digital pulse into an analog
signal).
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Modulation Protocols.
Rules set by international
standards organizations to ensure
that modem made by different
manufacturers can communicate
correctly.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Integrated Services Digital
Network (ISDN).
A telephone company service that
transports data digitally over dialup or dedicated lines.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Basic Rate ISDN (BRI).
Service offering one or two 64
Kbps channels. Two channel ISDN
allows a 128 Mbps data transfer
rate, and one channel of data
transfer during voice calls.
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Primary Rate ISDN (PRI).
Service with 23 channels at 64
Kbps each and one signaliong
channel, requiring a T1 carrier
(1.544 Mbps).
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ISDN Adapter.
The digital connection between a
computer and an ISDN line, also
called a digital modem (a
misnomer).
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Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line (ADSL).
A type of DSL service for Internet
access that enables download
speeds of up to 1.5 Mbps.
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Coaxial Cable.
A type of high-bandwidth
connecting cable with an insulated
center wire surrounded by a
grounded shield of braided wire.
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Cable Modem.
A communications device that
delivers 0.5 to 1.0 Mbps or more of
data, used to connect a computer
to the cable TV infrastructure.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Digitization.
The transformation of media into
digital data.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Broadband.
A term used to refer to
communication channels that
provide high bandwidth using
multiplexing.
CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
End of Study Unit 9.
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CIS 105 Concepts and Terminology Unit 9
Created by James Q. Jacobs