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Learning Services
The Digital Researcher:
Trends in Open Access Publishing
Zoe Clarke and Yvonne Smith
edgehill.ac.uk/ls
Context
‘Open Access literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free from
most copyright and licensing restrictions. What makes it possible is the
internet and the consent of the author or copyright holder’. Peter Suber
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/brief.htm
The key question for universities is how to deliver the benefits of open
access, but minimise the risks? The other key players in the debate are
funders, researchers and publishers.
edgehill.ac.uk/ls
Definitions
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Open access: online availability of published academic research with no
access fees and free of most licensing restrictions.
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Green open access: publishing in a subscription journal, but making the final
version available in a repository. Some articles may be embargoed for a time.
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Repository: An institutional or disciplinary online store for published research
articles, which is searchable and freely accessible.
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Gold open access: publishing in an open access journal usually with the author
paying an article publishing charge.
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Article publishing charge (APC): a charge to the author (or their
funder/institution) for publishing their work in an open access journal.
edgehill.ac.uk/ls
The Finch Report 2012
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‘Accessibility, sustainability, excellence: how to expand access to
research publications’
http://www.researchinfonet.org/publish/finch/ for full report and executive
summary.
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UK Govt. tasked the Finch working group with ‘recommending how to develop
a model, which would be both effective and sustainable over time, for
expanding access to the published findings of research’.
Finch report found ‘the principle that the results of publicly funded research
should be freely accessible in the public domain is a compelling one’.
The Finch report recommended the Gold model of open access publishing.
UK Govt adopted all the Finch recommendations as its Open Access policy,
except removal of VAT on ejournals.
edgehill.ac.uk/ls
BIS Open Access Enquiry
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The Business, Innovation and Skills Committee then conducted an enquiry into
Govt Open Access policy looking at:
The Govt’s acceptance of the recommendations of the Finch Group Report,
including its preference for the ‘gold’ over the ‘green’ open access model;
Rights of use and re-use in relation to open access research publications,
including the implications of Creative Commons ‘CC-BY’ licences;
The costs of article processing charges (APCs) and the implications for
research funding and for the taxpayer; and
The level of ‘gold’ open access uptake in the rest of the world versus the UK,
and the ability of UK higher education institutions to remain competitive.
http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commonsselect/business-innovation-and-skills/inquiries/parliament-2010/open-access/
Enquiry found that whilst gold OA is the ultimate goal, the mechanism of
transition should be green OA.
edgehill.ac.uk/ls
Repositories
Repositories showcase institutional research by making it searchable and
freely accessible.
Edge Hill has two repositories:
• Edge Hill Research Archive (EHRA) (http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/)
• eShare –teaching materials- (http://www.eshare.edgehill.ac.uk/)
The Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR) lists repositories
worldwide. (http://roar.eprints.org/)
Cross-search repository engines include:
• Institutional Repository Search (http://irs.mimas.ac.uk/)
• OpenDOAR (http://www.opendoar.org/)
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Identifying items in repositories
Many items listed
in Google Scholar
come from
institutional
repositories
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Types of open access journals
Some scholarly open access journals do not charge
Generally these tend to be the smaller society or specialised publications. To find
a suitable free OA journal to publish in your subject area you could consult the
Directory of Open Access Journals. (http://www.doaj.org)
Some traditional subscription journals make their content open access after
an embargo period that is short enough to comply with many research
funders’ mandates, with no publication fee.
An example of this kind of journal would be the British Medical Journal.
Some offer low or discounted fees.
The RoMEO database to find out what specific publishers' copyright policies are
(http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/)
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Open Access Books
Open Access
publishing is
changing the
way books are
published and
how to access
them
e.g. Open Access Publishers – academics from Cambridge University
Publish books available to purchase or download for free
http://www.openbookpublishers.com/
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Open Access Publishers
Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) (http://oaspa.org/)
Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC®)
(http://www.sparc.arl.org/about)
Public Library of Science (PLOS) (http://www.plos.org/)
For a guide to Open Access produced by these three publishers take a look at the
guide: HowOpenIsIt? (http://www.plos.org/about/open-access/howopenisit/)
edgehill.ac.uk/ls
HEFCE OA policy post 2014 REF
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In 2014 HEFCE will announce their policy decisions on implementing an OA
requirement for the next REF.
The funding bodies propose the following criteria for open access:
Outputs should be accessible through a UK HEI repository, immediately upon
either acceptance or publication, but also respects agreed embargo periods.
Outputs should be made available as the final peer-reviewed text, though not
necessarily identical to the publisher’s edited and formatted version.
Outputs should be presented in a form allowing for search and re-use of
content. Re-use is subject to proper attribution under appropriate licensing.
Outputs fulfilling the following definition must meet above criteria:
The output is a journal article or conference proceeding.
The output is published after a two-year notice period (from 2016 onwards).
The output lists a UK HEI in the ‘address’ field.
The consultation document can be accessed at
http://www.hefce.ac.uk/pubs/year/2013/201316/
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