Transcript Data collection on organic agriculture worldwide:

Research Institute of Organic Agriculture
Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau
Institut de recherche de l’agriculture biologique
Data collection on organic
agriculture worldwide
Helga Willer, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL)
IFOAM Organic World Congress, September 28 - October 2, 2011, Presentation at the
Workshop on data collection in organic agriculture on September 29, 2011
Countries and territories covered by the global
survey on organic agriculture 2009
Countries with
data on organic
agriculture
Countries per
region
Share of
countries
that provided
data (%)
67%
Africa
38
57
Asia
37
49
76%
Europe
45
46
98%
South & Central
America,
Caribbean
North America
29
45
64%
2
5
40%
Oceania
9
13
69%
160
214
75%
World
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
2
Organic agricultural land and other organic
areas 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Distribution of organic agricultural land by
region 2009
7.1%
2.8%
Oceania
32.6%
9.6%
Europe
Latin America
Asia
Northern America
23.0%
Africa
24.9%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
The ten countries/areas with the highest shares
of organic agricultural land 2009
Falklands (Malvinas)
35.7%
Liechtenstein
26.9%
Austria
18.5%
Sweden
12.6%
French Guiana
11.7%
Switzerland
10.8%
Estonia
10.5%
Czech Republic
9.4%
Latvia
9.0%
Italy
8.9%
0%
www.fibl.org
10%
20%
30%
Share of total agricultural land
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
organic sector organisations and certifiers.
40%
World: The ten countries with the most organic
agricultural land 2009/2010
Australia
Argentina
USA (2008)
China (2008)
Brazil (2007)
Spain
India
Italy
Germany
Uruguay (2006)
2010
0
2
4
6
8
10
2009
12
Million Hectares
Argentina, US and Uruguay: Only fully converted areas
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private organic
sector and certifiers.
14
Distribution of organic shares of the total
agricultural areas 2009 (total countries 160)
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2011
Shares of some key crops of the respective total area
(2009)
(not for all countries with data on organic farming land use data were available)
Coffee
5.6%
Olives
4.7%
Cocoa
3.1%
Grapes
2.4%
Nuts
2.0%
Tea
1.7%
0%
www.fibl.org
2%
4%
Share of total agricultural land
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
organic sector organisations and certifiers.
6%
World: Development of organic agricultural land
1999-2009
10
5
37.2
32.4
30.1
25.6
19.8
17.5
15
14.9
20
11.0
Million hectares
25
29.0
30
29.8
35
35.2
40
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM and SOEL 2000-2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
by region 1999-2009
40
Oceania
In Million hectares
35
Northern America
30
Latin America
25
Europe
Asia
20
Africa
15
10
5
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM and SOEL 2000-2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
2007 to 2009 by geographical region
2009
8.6
9.3
8.1
6
6.4
7.6
8
8.2
10
12.2
2008
12.1
2007
0
Africa
www.fibl.org
Asia
Europe
Latin
America
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Surveys 2009-2011
2.7
2.5
2.2
3.6
3.3
2.9
2
0.9
1.0
4
0.9
Million hectares
12
12.1
14
Northern
America
Oceania
World: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 37.2 million hectares)
Distritbution of main agricultural land
use types 2008
12.7%
14.8%
The main arable crops 2009
Cereals
Green fodder
Oilseeds
Vegetables
Protein crops
1.1%
2'438
1'843
446
222
204
0
3.1%
1'000
2'000
3'000
Thousands of hectares
6.5%
The main permanent crops 2009
61.7%
Arable land
Cropland, no details
Other
www.fibl.org
Permanent crops
Permanent grassland
Agricultural land, no details
Coffee
Olives
Cocoa
Nuts
Grapes
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
545
494
264
200
191
0
200
400
600
Thousands of hectares
Organic cereals: The ten countries with the
largest areas 2009
USA (2008)
367'420
Italy
251'906
Canada
207'191
Germany
201'800
Spain
183'458
Ukraine
134'080
Turkey
115'660
France
103'928
Austria
89'614
Poland
77'473
0
100'000
200'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on national sources
300'000
Development of the organic grape area worldwide
2000-2009 (including in-conversion areas)
122,171
113,859
101,159
87,577
83,238
83,567
50,000
83,456
100,000
68,380
Hectares
190,614
150,000
150,550
200,000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL 2000-2011
Development of organic agricultural land and
other organic areas 1999 to 2009
40
35
Hectares
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
11.0
4.1
14.9
5.6
17.5
21.0
19.8
19.8
25.6
22.5
29.8
26.7
29.0
27.0
30.1
30.6
32.4
31.4
35.2
31.8
37.2
41.9
45
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Agricultural land
www.fibl.org
Other areas (Wild collection, bee keeping, aquaculture, forest, grazed non-agricultural land)
Source: FiBL /IFOAM/SÖL 2000-2011
Distribution of organic wild collection areas by
region 2009
0.5%
Africa
10.2%
Europe
39.6%
Latin America
20.4%
Asia
Northern America
29.4%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic wild collection: The ten countries with the
largest wild collection areas (including bee-keeping)
2009
7.80
Finland
Brazil (2007)
Cameroon
Zambia
India
Namibia
Russian Federation
Bolivia (2006)
China
Argentina
Morocco
6.18
6.00
5.91
3.36
3.00
2.16
1.03
0.76
0.72
0.62
0
www.fibl.org
1
Million hectares
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
9
The ten countries with the largest numbers of
organic producers 2009
India
677'257
Uganda
187'893
Mexico
128'862
Ethiopia
101'578
Tanzania
85'366
Peru
54'904
Italy
43'029
Turkey
35'565
Burkina F.
27'748
Spain
25'291
0
www.fibl.org
200'000
400'000
600'000
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the
organic sector and certifiers
800'000
Organic producers by geographical region 2009
(total: 1.8 million)
1% 1%
14%
Asia
Africa
40%
Latin America
Europe
Northern America
Oceania
16%
28%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2011
World: Development of organic producers 19992009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 1999-2011
Development of the global market for organic
food and beverages
Revenues in billion US Dollars
60
50
40
30
54.9
20
10
40.2
25.5
17.9
0
2000
www.fibl.org
2003
2006
2009
Source: Organic Monitor (Sahota 2011)
Distribution of organic food sales by region
2009
4.0%
47.9%
48.1%
Europe
North America
Others
Source: Organic Monitor, Sahota 2011
www.fibl.org
The countries with the highest shares of
organic food sales 2009
Denmark
Austria
Switzerland
Sweden
United States of America
Germany
Luxembourg (2006)
Canada
Netherlands
France
Belgium
7.2
6.0
5.2
4.0
3.7
3.4
3.3
2.5
2.3
1.9
1.5
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Market share in %
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL in cooperation with , AMI and ORC 2011,
based on national sources
7.0
8.0
The countries with the largest domestic
markets for organic food 2009 & 2010
20'155
United States of America
5'900
Germany
3'385
France
2'006
United Kingdom
1'550
Italy
1'904
Canada
1'345
Switzerland
Japan
Spain
986
Austria
0
5'000
10'000
15'000
Million Euros
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, based on national sources
20'000
25'000
The countries with the highest per capita
consumption 2009
Denmark
Switzerland
Austria
Luxembourg
Liechtenstein
Sweden
Germany
United States of America
France
Canada (2008)
139
132
104
103
100
75
71
58
47
38
0
25
50
75
100
Euros per year
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL in cooperation with , AMI and ORC 2011,
based on national sources
125
150
Next steps
›
›
›
›
Market data by commodity
Export totals and by commodity
Imports: totals and by commodity
Production
www.fibl.org
26
Data collection: Achievements and tools
www.fibl.org
27
The Global Survey on Organic Agriculture:
Supporters
› International Trade Centre, Geneva
› The Swiss State Secretariat of
Economic Affairs SECO, Berne
› Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the
BioFach Organic Trade Fair
www.fibl.org
SECO ITC project: Global information system for
organic production and market data (2008-2011)
› Activities under the project: Global information system for
organic production and market data
› The data database was set up and maintained by flexinfo,
Frick, Switzerland,
› the existing classification for land use and crop data was
expanded,
› a basic classification for manufactured products was
developed,
› support was given to some developing countries for their
data collection, and
› a study on the availability of data and on data collection
systems world-wide was carried out
› Website www.organic-world.net
www.fibl.org
From data collection to data processing
Step 1: Data collection
Step 2: Data procssing: Data classification
Step 3: Data storage
Stpp 4: Quality/plausibility checks
Step 5: Data compilation and evaluation
Step 6: Data dissemination
30
www.fibl.org
Step 1: Data collection
www.fibl.org
The network
› The network of experts who contribute to the data
collection consists of more than 200 personalities
from 160 countries.
› They are from the private organic sector, from
certification agencies and from governments.
› They provide data on organic land area, operators,
production, market or international trade.
› Without their help and support it would not be
possible to carry out the data collection on organic
agriculture worldwide.
www.fibl.org
32
Data availability for key variables 2008; Number
of countries per variable; total: 154 countries
153
Area [ha]
Producers
137
50
Production [t]
Sales [Mio €]
42
Exports [Mio €]
26
Export [t]
25
Imports [Mio €]
9
Imports [t] 4
0%
20%
40%
Countries with data
www.fibl.org
60%
80%
100%
Countries without data
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2010
Organic data collection systems world-wide 2009 for data on
area, operators and production (total 160 countries)
›
Government collection
systems (70 countries)
›
›
55;
34%
70;
44%
›
35;
22%
Government
www.fibl.org
›
›
Private collection systems
(35 countries)
›
›
Data from the certifiers
Company data
No collection system (55
countries)
›
Private
Data from the certifiers
Census/farm structure
survey
Direct payments
No collection system
Source: FiBL and IFOAM Survey 2011
FiBL and IFOAM collect the
data from the international
certifiers
Data collection systems for production data by
geographical region 2008
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Africa
Asia
Europe
Latin
America
North
America
Government / Public collection system
Private collection systems
No collection system
www.fibl.org
Oceania
Countries with organic legislations
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
Organic legislation
or
ld
W
ia
ce
an
O
N
or
th
No legislation
www.fibl.org
A
m
er
ic
a
a
er
ic
A
m
La
tin
Eu
ro
pe
A
si
a
A
fr
ic
a
0%
Collection systems for government data
› Most countries that have an organic regulation also
collect basic data on organic agriculture.
› In some cases data collection is stipulated in organic
regulations.
› Government data are based on the following
information sources:
› Data from the certifiers
› Farms that receive direct payments as the basis for the data
› Farm structure survey
www.fibl.org
Data from certifiers
›
›
›
›
It is generally accepted that the data of the certifiers yield the
best information on the status of organic production in a
country.
Most governments and private sector organisations that collect
data on organic agriculture collect these among the certifiers.
+
›
›
›
High level of completeness (not estimates)
Up-to-date
Data on conversion status may show future supply with organic
products
›
›
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Non-standardised land use/crop classification system
Varying quality of collection systems
In many countries reliant on ‘voluntary’ collaboration of control bodies
Many countries (China, Serbia) do not have access to the data of foreign
certifiers that are not registered under the country’s accreditation
system
www.fibl.org
International certifiers that provided data for
several countries (2009 data)
www.fibl.org
Networks, transnational data collection efforts
www.fibl.org
Data collection systems for data on the
domestic market
›
›
Commercial market research data
›
›
Scanner data, often supplemented with household panel data (AC
Nielsen)
Household panel data (GFK)
Market research of the private sector
›
›
Survey among the market actors in the country
Published company data & estimates
Problems
› Methodologies differ from country to country;
› No standardised classification system for organic products;
› Market data are not included in regular/official statistics
› By the time they are available, the statistical data too historical for use
by market actors;
› Lack of comparability due to differing methodologies;
› Incomplete coverage;
› Uncertain data quality.
www.fibl.org
Export data
› For 2008, twenty-five countries provided data on
export values, and 26 on export values for the global
survey on organic agriculture.
› In most cases only a total value is available, but not a
breakdown by product.
› Very good export statistics are provided for instance
by Argentina, Denmark and Peru.
› Export data can be based on the information of
certifiers (Argentina), on company information
(Denmark), or on information from customs (Peru).
www.fibl.org
Import data
› Imports: In 2008, nine countries provided data on
import values, and four on import volumes for the
global survey on organic agriculture.
› In many cases only a total value is available, but not
a breakdown by product.
› Import data can be based on the import permits
(Italy), company data (Denmark), potentially also
customs data.
www.fibl.org
Problems with import and export (trade) data
›
›
›
›
Most problematic area as few good models exist
Inspection bodies do not collect and/or release data
Organic is not separately identified in trade statistics
Businesses highly sensitive to confidentiality issues
www.fibl.org
Step 2: Data classification
www.fibl.org
Questionnaire: Overview sheet
www.fibl.org
Questionnaire: Operator types
www.fibl.org
Questionnaire: Crop details
www.fibl.org
Questionnaire: Livestock
www.fibl.org
Questionnaire: Manufactured products
www.fibl.org
Step 3: Data storage
www.fibl.org
The database: Core table and related tables
www.fibl.org
Database: The core table
www.fibl.org
Database: Source management
www.fibl.org
Data base: Crop/product dimension table
www.fibl.org
Step 4: Quality checks
www.fibl.org
Plausibility checks: Comparing the organic figures
with the respective totals (from FAOSTAT)
www.fibl.org
Quelle:
57
Plausibilty checks 2: Organic – versus total
yields
www.fibl.org
Quelle:
58
Comparing two years
www.fibl.org
Quelle:
59
Data compilation and dissemination
www.fibl.org
Quelle:
60
The World of Organic Agriculture 2011
›
›
The 12th edition of ‚The World of
Organic Agriculture‘, was published by
FiBL and IFOAM in February 2011.*
Contents:
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
Results of the survey on organic
agriculture worldwide;
Organic agriculture in the regions and
country reports;
Armenia, Australia, Canada, Chile,
China, Costa Rica, Indonesia,
Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea, Pacific
Islands, Switzerland, Tunisia, Uganda,
United States and Ukraine.
Chapters on the global market,
standards & legislations, voluntary
standards and organic beekeeping
Numerous tables and graphs.
The book can be ordered via IFOAM.org
and shop.FiBL.org.
*Willer, H, and Kilcher, L. (2011) The
World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics
and Emerging Trends 2011. IFOAM,
Bonn, and FiBL, Frick
www.fibl.org
Data tables in excel
www.fibl.org
62
Dynamic data tables
www.fibl.org
63
Conclusions
› Data on organic farming are needed for policy
makers as a decision tool and to assess the success
of policy measures, and for market actors to assess
the market/economic impact.
› More information on production, domestic supply
with organic food, export volumes and yields is
needed.
› There is a clear need for governments to provide
better data.
› With more and more countries implementing organic
farming regulations data collection activities should
be eased in the future, and governments should
support such activities.
www.fibl.org
Contact
› Dr. Helga Willer
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL
Ackerstrasse
5070 Frick
Switzerland
Tel. +41 62 865 7207
Fax +41 62 865 7273
E-Mail [email protected]
Internet www.fibl.org
www.organic-world.net
www.fibl.org