Transcript Document

Follow-up on the Implementation of
the Outcomes of the World Summit
on Sustainable Development:
Sustainable Consumption and
Production for Sustainable Growth
and Poverty Reduction in Africa
OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
A. Introduction
B. Overview of implementation progress, challenges and
constraints, and lessons learned and way forward
Sustainable consumption and production (SCP) including
a Ten-Year Framework of Programmes on SCP;
Chemicals;
Waste management;
Mining;
Transport
Inter-linkages and Cross-cutting issues
C. Conclusion
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A.
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INTRODUCTION
Presentation is based on Doc. ECA/FSSD/CFSSD/6/2
Follow-up on the implementation of the outcomes the World
Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD): Sustainable
Consumption and Production (SCP) for Sustainable Growth
and Poverty Reduction in Africa
•
Report is produced and submitted pursuant to the decision of the
committee requesting ECA to undertake biennial reviews and report
on progress
•
The issues covered by the report are aligned with the
thematic
cluster of issues to be considered by the upcoming CSD Sessions (CSD
18 and 19)
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The report covers
Sustainable Consumption and Production including the TenYear Framework of Programmes (10-YFP) on SCP;
Chemicals;
Waste management;
Mining; and
Transport.
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The report provides a synopsis of progress made by African countries
at national and regional levels in implementing the commitments on
these issues as contained in the JPOI of WSSD, PFIA21 and A21 3
Main Commitments and targets:
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Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP)
Develop and implement a 10-Year Framework of Programmes on SCP;
Develop policies and strategies on SCP patterns and integrate into SD
policies, programmes and strategies (PRSs);
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Chemicals
Sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle for
sustainable development
Develop a strategic approach to international chemicals management
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Waste management
Prevent and minimize waste and maximize reuse, recycling and use of
environmentally friendly alternative materials
Develop waste management systems and extend waste service
coverage
Mining
Enhance contribution of mining to Sustainable Development (SD)
Foster sustainable mining practices
Transport
Develop and promote an integrated approach to transport policymaking
Adopt and promote measures to mitigate the negative impact of
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transport on human health and the environment
Theme of the Review
SCP is a common string running through the main
commitments outlined
SCP
Use of goods and services to respond to basic needs
Bring a better quality of life
Minimize use of natural resources
Minimize toxic materials and emissions of waste and pollutants
Not to jeopardize the needs of future generations.
Overall: to decouple economic development from environmental
degradation
In line with Africa’s priorities the theme of our review is:
Sustainable consumption and production (SCP) for
sustainable growth and poverty reduction In Africa
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This review draws from the five thematic reports
commissioned by ECA, UNEP, UNIDO and the Africa
Roundtable
on
Sustainable
Consumption
and
Production (ARSCP) on the Five issues
Detailed submissions on each will made
Purpose of this presentation
Stimulate discussions to generate inputs to inform the
Africa RIM Statement to CSD 18
Obtain comments and additional inputs for the
finalization of the Sustainable Development Report on
Africa (SDRA)
The SDRA serves as an important medium for monitoring
and assessing sustainable development in Africa.
SDRA dissemination covers
Member States,
African regional and subregional organizations,
All relevant partners and organizations
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B.
OVERVIEW
OF
IMPLEMENTATION
PROGRESS,
CHALLENGES
AND
CONSTRAINTS, LESSONS LEARNED AND THE
WAY FORWARD - HIGHLIGHTS
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Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP)
including a 10-YFP on SCP
Actions taken and progress made
The African Ten-Year Framework Programmes on
Sustainable Consumption and Production (10-YFP) has
been produced and launched
Africa Roundtable on Sustainable Consummation and
Production (ARSCP) established
Projects under way within the framework of the 10-YFP
Other Activities in the broader area of SCP
Implementation challenges and constraints
Fragmented initiatives
Poor education and lack of awareness on SCP benefits
Inadequate SCP legislation, poor enforcement where
they exist
Under-pricing of natural resources
Lack of financial incentives and appropriate financing
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mechanisms for SCP investments
Lessons learned and the way forward
Political will and commitment is essential
A coherent and integrated national strategy to promote
SCP needed
National SCP strategies need to be formulated as
integral priorities of National Strategies for Sustainable
Development (NSSDs) -PRSs
Key interventions needed in key areas - Capacitybuilding for the development and implementation
national SCP action plans; - Implementation of an
African Local SCP Initiative; - Strengthening the African
Eco-labelling Mechanism;
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Chemicals
Actions taken and progress made
Sector policies and institutions for environmentally sound
management of chemicals in place in may African countries
NCPCs have been established in some countries - support the
introduction of better chemicals management practices and
techniques
Progress in phasing out leaded petrol
Most African countries have acceded to or ratified the four
main international conventions on chemicals as follows
SAICM developed and is providing framework to foster sound
management of chemicals in the region - SAICM Quick Start
Programme
Implementation challenges and constraints
General lack of reliable data and information on toxicity and
safe use practices for chemicals.
Slow progress in defining national, subregional, regional and
international best available technologies/safe chemical
alternatives
Need to harmonize trade and environment policies especially
Chemicals
Fragmented approaches
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Lessons learned and the way forward
More support is needed to access environmentally
sound technologies and safe chemicals
Need for integration of environmentally sound
management of chemicals into national policies and
priority development strategies
Need integrated approach in implementing the
Multilateral Environment Agreements (MEAs)
Scaled
up
SAICM
implementation
taking
due
consideration of existing national policies, institutions
and chemicals use profiles
Reliable international support for sustainable industrial
development and greening of industry and economy
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Waste Management
Actions taken and progress made
Policies, strategies and legislation formulated by many
countries in the region to minimise generation and ensure
sound management of waste
Recycling and reuse of waste - energy production from
agricultural waste notable
Resource Efficient and Cleaner Production (RECP) approach
promoted thru NCPC
In some countries sound treatment of hazardous waste by
establishing appropriate facilities such as incinerators for
hospitals and secure landfills.
Most African countries have ratified or acceded to the relevant
international
instruments
for
hazardous
waste
Basel
Convention
Only 23 countries had ratified the Bamako convention by 2007
Implementation challenges and constraints
Creation of sufficient capacity for environmentally sound
management
Importation of second-hand consumer goods and production
and/or import of substandard products
Challenges in implementation and enforcement of waste
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regulations and conventions – requiring transparency
Lessons learned and the way forward
Involvement of the private sector key - creates
employment and job opportunities to a substantial
number of jobless – particularly city residents
Income generation: from solid waste management
activities
Practical and attitudinal changes to waste management
Need for support transfer and dissemination of
knowledge and technology and foster investments in
best practices for waste management
Need for assistance to establish proper inventories of
hazardous and radioactive wastes and of sites
potentially affected - Basis for developing facilities for
their management and clean up.
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Mining
Actions taken and progress made
Most countries - have rewritten their mining codes in the last 20
Africa Mining Vision (AMV) has been formulated - advocates for
“transparent, equitable and optimal exploitation of mineral resources to
underpin
broad-based
sustainable
growth
and
socio-economic
development”.
General improvement in the participation by communities in mining
projects and in benefits accruing to communities.
Significant progress made to include environmental and social
requirements in African mineral regimes – Requirements for EIA
Progress in addressing health and its social impacts relative to mine
workers and mining communities.
Support for value addition to artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM)
mineral products, mostly gold and gemstones, slowly improving
Increased technical assistance by development partners to support mining
reform in many African countries
Implementation challenges and constraints
Inadequate capacity to monitor compliance with legislative requirements,
especially the technical and business reporting requirements, and in
environmental and social management plans.
Inconsistency in the existence and/or application of instruments and
systems to ensure the effective participation of impacted communities and
other stakeholders in mining operations.
Inadequate implementation of provisions for both social and environmental
rehabilitation funds embedded in legislation
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Mechanisms to identify and settle mineral-related conflicts and disputes,
including addressing social, economic and religious concerns, are lacking.
Lessons learned and the way forward
Need for African countries to invest in new forward-looking,
development-oriented mineral regimes that create equitable
and sustainable mineral wealth
Governance systems in the mining sector need to be rooted in
broader participation by communities in mining decisions that
affect
Need to ensure that EIAs are mandatory and part of
legislation, mineral concessions or mineral development
agreements
–
should
include
obligatory
social
and
environmental remediation funds
Implementation of the NEPAD STAP projects needs to be
speeded up to provide cheap and sustainable hydroelectric
energy, currently in acute deficit.
support regional cooperation for geo-mapping and resource
development corridors, especially in respect of power projects
Strengthen
capacity
for
negotiating
large
mineral
infrastructure-financing projects
Assist small-scale mining ventures to promote sustainable and
commercially vibrant mining practices.
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Transport
Actions taken and progress made
Progress in integration of transport sector strategies into poverty
reduction goals through the PRTSR);
AUC/NEPAD-AfDB Programme for Infrastructure Development in
Africa’ (PIDA) developed to ensure integrated development of
Africa’s infrastructure and avoid duplication of efforts.
Major declaration adopted -accelerate liberalization of air
transport; revitalizing rail transport; and urgent need to improve
road safety; integrate road safety in cooperation programs.
Inter-state conventions and protocols adopted; many being
implemented– CA, EA, SA and WA
2008-Leaded gasoline phased out in all Africa countries except two
Road agencies and road funds being established and/or
restructured
Implementation challenges and constraints
The lack of appropriate and well formulated policies and strategies
-slow implementation of sub-regional and regional agreements
Inadequate human and institutional capacity
Negative impact of transport on the environment
High transport costs -Transport costs in Africa are among the
highest in the world. Transport services unaffordable to many
African citizens
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Poor transport safety and security- poor state of road safetyaccidents and the resulting loss of life and destruction of property
Lessons learned and the way forward
Need for thorough social and environment impact mitigation
measures - incorporated and enforced in the development of
infrastructure
Countries need to develop policies that encourage energy
efficiency - target energy-efficient vehicles; limit the age for
imported second hand vehicles; and improve traffic
management.
Full implementation of transport facilitation initiatives; and
promoting intra-modal and inter-modal transport competition
to improve efficiency.
Scaled up support for road safety programmes - prioritize road
safety programmes and allocate adequate funds for these
programmes - ensure compliance with safety regulations and
standards national and international
Develop effective transport information systems
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Inter-linkages and Cross-cutting issues
Actions taken and progress made
Resource and energy supply and efficiency
Use of agricultural waste for energy production
The National Cleaner Production Centres (NCPCs) established
Mechanisms and frameworks such as the African 10 YFP on SCP.
Policies, strategies and programmes:
Formulation and adoption of policies and legislation;
Ratification of major chemicals and wastes related MEAs.
Mining sector global voluntary initiatives such as Global Reporting
Initiative (GRI), and the Extractive Industries Review (EIR)
Policy and programme integration though Poverty Reduction
Strategies (PRSs), sector wide approaches (SWAps), SAICM and
National SCP programmes
Governance - public participation and gender consideration:
Adoption of a wide range of policies and legislation cater for
transparent governance and multi-stakeholder participation
Regional Cooperation:
Enhanced through structures and frameworks -AU/NEPAD, African
ministerial conferences or councils AMCEN, AMCOW, AMCOST
Initiatives arising = Africa 10 YFP on SCP, Africa Mining Vision,
Africa Mining Partnership, and Africa Water Vision
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Implementation challenges and constraints
Policy and programme implementation gap is widening
and crippling the achievement of desired sustainable
development objectives
Inadequate institutional, human and/or financial
resources capacities continue
High level of financial, technical and technological
investments required for the establishment, operation
and maintenance infrastructure for transport, energy,
mining, waste and chemicals management
Inadequate incentives to promote pubic-private
partnerships that could contribute to overcome the
financing constraints.
Compartmentalized approaches still prevail in the
implementation global and regional initiatives notably
the various chemicals-related agreements and other
MEAs. These approaches result in poor coordination,
duplication and strain on the limited resources.
Low
research,
monitoring
and
information
dissemination capacity
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Lessons learned and the way forward
Generating political will and commitment which is essential in
ensuring effective implementation of the strategies
Effective resources mobilization from both domestic and ODA
sources - sustained resources provision
Enhance access to niche markets - Africa has a distinct potential
and opportunity in organic produce
Strengthen implementation of the African Ecolabelling Mechanism
(AEM),
Need to harmonize trade and environmental policies, in particular on
chemicals management.
Adopting and up scaling integrated initiatives and approaches
National SCP programmes, SAICM, integrated transport master
plans
Strengthening the information base
Cooperation in development and transfer
particularly energy efficient technologies,
substitutes and other clean technologies
of technology
safe chemical
Linking and coordinating global, regional and subregional
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initiatives with national development processes
C. CONCLUSION
Countries taking actions to implement commitments
Policies, legislation,
Attracting attention and being integration
(PRSs)
Specific programmes and projects
into
NDPs
Countries committed to MEAs and other international
initiatives and taking advantage of the associated
mechanisms including in capacity enhancement
Regional cooperation underway in almost all the areas
under consideration
More concrete on the ground action needed
Need Action to prioritize these areas and mobilize
substantial and sustained resources
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Thank You
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