Transcript Document

CHEMVESOL LTD.
FERRATE TECHNOLOGY
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
INTRODUCTION
„Sustainable development” is based on the application of environmentally
friendly technologies and the saving of all resources.
Water, the key element of life is accounted as a basic resource and
therefor its application in all industrial fields should be well optimized.
Water treatment requires strong expertise and skills so that the best and
most appropriate technologies will be selected and applied.
Water reuse, application of environmentally friendly chemicals and
methods are key elements in modern water technologies and our company
is strongly committed to them!
Bearing all this in mind, our knowledge and nearly 20 years work
experience enable us to find and work with best solutions helping to satisfy
our customer needs.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
The main fields of our activities are: industrial and residential water treatment.
Due to the continuous industrial development more sophisticated technologies
and complex systems are introduced. The heating, cooling and other water
systems are using smaller cross-section tubes, heat-exchangers, which are more
sensitive to any fouling, deposits and consequently an operational failure may
easily happen without paying much attention to proper countermeasures.
Great attention must be paid to the adequate quality of water in all devices since
improper water quality could easily lead to scaling, corrosion and bacterial
problems.
Repairing is a time-consuming and costly (e.g. production
interruption, system shut down, frost-damages, accidents, etc...) activity and
sometimes it is really difficult to fully eliminate the problem.
With almost two decades of expertise, using the highest quality water treatment
chemicals from market leading companies - we are working to enable your
trouble free operation in the long run.
We offer our water treatment services in a full package (chemistrydosing/monitoring-human service).
Our priority is preserving our environment!
Accordingly we are participating in the development of ferrate technology, a new
and environmental friendly water treatment method!
You can read more about Ferrate-technology on the below website.
www.ferrate.eu
In addition we do complex water analysis and also dealing with education on
issues of water treatment management.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
FERRATE TECHNOLOGY
FEATURES & BENEFITS
Environmentally Friendly
• Environmentally friendly and powerful enough to meet escalating treatment
demands.
Cost Effective
• Cost-effective to operate and maintain.
• Requires minimal capital investment compared to UV or Ozone.
Treatment Plant Friendly
• Utilizes existing plant infrastructure and plugs into existing treatment
processes.
• Can be synthesized from commodity feedstocks.
• Highly scalable, modular and easy to retrofit and implement.
• Occupies a small footprint; beneficial for landlocked facilities.
NSF Certified (Model 100DW)
• The Ferrator has been tested, evaluated,
and certified in accordance with NSF
International Standard 61.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
WHAT IS FERRATE?
Ferrate, FeO42- – Ferrate is a supercharged iron molecule in
which iron is in the plus 6 oxidation state; it is better known as
Iron(VI). Ferrate is extremely powerful, can deliver multiple
treatments from a single applicationr, does not create
disinfection by-products, is environmentally friendly, and solves
difficult treatment challenges that other oxidants can’t touch.
Most importantly, Ferrate is often the least expensive and most
effective treatment option.
A Laboratory Curiosity … Until Now – Research scientists have been testing Ferrate for the
past 50 years. Previous attempts to commercialize a Ferrate product were unsuccessful due to
high synthesis, packaging and transport costs, which made Ferate too expensive for broad
industrial use. FTT solved this problem by patenting a method to manufacture liquid Ferrate
“onsite” so that it can be applied when its potency is highest.
More Powerful – The relative strength of water treatment chemicals can be measured in volts,
similar to an electrical circuit. Scientists compare the reduction – oxidation potential or “redox”
potential for different compounds which is a gauge of their ability to gain or donate electrons in a
chemical reaction; the higher the redox potential, the more powerful the reaction. Ferrate is the
most powerful common oxidant/disinfectant for water and wastewater treatments. Various
redox potentials measured in volts are: Ferrate - 2.2, Ozone - 2.08, Hydrogen peroxide - 1.78,
Permanganate - 1.68, Hypochlorite - 1.48, Perchlorate - 1.39, Chlorine - 1.36, Dissolved Oxygen
- 1.23, Chlorine Dioxide - 0.95 (Jiang, 2002).
Multiple Treatments from a Single Dose – In a single application, Ferrate can simultaneously
perform as an oxidant, coagulant, and disinfectant. Ferrate is more powerful than other oxidants
such as ozone and chlorine dioxide. It can replace coagulants such as ferric chloride, alum and
polymers for the removal of metals, non-metals and humic acids. It outperforms other
disinfectants such as UV, hydrogen peroxide, and chlorine and can kill many chlorine resistant
organisms such as aerobic spore-formers and sulphite-reducing clostridia. Ferrate is a versatile,
powerful, multi-use water and wastewater treatment technology.
Synthesized Using Common Chemical Feedstocks – Ferrate is synthesized at the point of
use in a patented device called a Ferrator® using caustic, sodium or calcium hypochlorite, and
ferric chloride.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
No Disinfection By-products – Ferrate redeploys the power of chlorine for water treatment without
producing disinfection by-products. Chlorination in the presence of organics creates carcinogenic
disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes (THMs), and haloacetic acids (HAAs).
Ozone reacts with naturally occurring bromine to form bromates, also a human carcinogen.
Switching to Ferrate from chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or ozone, precludes the formation of DBPs.
Environmentally Friendly – Ferrate is powerful, fast acting, works in small doses, and the final
product of Ferrate treatment is ferric hydroxide, Iron(III), a non-toxic, environmentally benign
compound. The environmental benefits of Ferrate were demonstrated during a pilot test in
Pennsylvania. The primary test objective was disinfection with neither a chlorine residual nor THM
formation. The regulatory fecal coliform limit of 200 CFU/100ml was easily achieved with a Ferrate
dose of 2 ppm. At the same time, freshwater aquatic toxicity tests for Daphnia showed “no
observable effects” when exposed to 100% effluent through three reproductive life cycles; residual
chlorine and THMs were non-detect or at trace levels in the effluent.
Unique Treatment Benefits – Ferrate has been demonstrated to treat antibiotics, hormones,
pesticides, and personal care products that end up in sewers and pass through municipal treatment
plants. Low doses of Ferrate have been shown to inactivate those EDCs and PPCPs. As a
simultaneous oxidant, disinfectant and coagulant, one dose of Ferrate has been demonstrated to
treat drinking water in Florida with color, odor, taste and residual DBP problems by simultaneously
oxidizing H2S to SO4, oxidizing and co-precipitating the color-causing organics, and precluding the
formation of THMs and HAAs caused by prechlorination. Ferrate has also been shown to disinfect
highly colored or turbid waters that UV light cannot penetrate, making it ideal for the restoration of
wetlands as a water reuse application. In wetlands restoration, Ferrate’s iron residual is an essential
micronutrient for healthy plant growth.
Solves Difficult Biosolids Treatment Challenges – Ferrate has been proven to be a key
ingredient in a new biosolids-to-fertilizer process. It disinfects and stabilizes biosolids to inhibit
putrefaction, destroys odors, and adds iron as a vital micronutrient. Ferrate also helps bind
phosphorus and nitrogen to the organic matter to create a “slow-release” fertilizer, which prolongs its
availability, increases uptake in the root zone, and reduces nutrient runoff into local streams and
rivers.
Least Expensive Green Technology – Ferrate is a truly unique compound that offers an
economical and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional water and wastewater treatment
technologies. For many applications, the capital equipment cost and aggregate operating expenses
associated with Ferrate are appreciably less than other methods of treatment. Ferrate synthesis
uses commodity chemicals already found in most water and wastewater treatment plants, and a
Ferrate treatment system utilizes less real estate and consumes less energy. In terms of its impact
on the environment, Ferrate is a genuinely green technology that is both effective and affordable.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
Arsenic removal from drinking water
using ferrate technology
Drinking water regulation for waters released to the network prescribe an arsenic
level lower than 10 ppb. In Hungary alone, over 1.5 million inhabitants have potable
water exceeding the above standard. This problem mostly occur in the eastern part
of the country where well water is the source for drinking water supply. It is worth
mentioning that besides arsenic, other contaminants (eg. Fe, Mn, NH3, CH4, iodine,
and phosphate) are also often found to be over the limits. The water works serving
these areas are varying in capacity between 30-50 m3/day to 10-20 000 m3/day.
The reduction of higher arsenic levels cannot be secured with the existing
technologies.
There are several methods available for As reduction. We have developed a unique
technology based on ferrate that not only reduces arsenic levels well bellow 10 ppb,
but it also offers an excellent solution for other problems. The technology is easily
scalable from smaller to bigger capacity and can be placed in a container. Our
method is absolutely flexible that enables it to be adjusted to very different water
qualities!
Laboratory and pilot test results:
We have tested 2 different water qualities from the eastern part of the country and 1
from the western region, all having arsenic levels higher than 10 ppb and having
high levels of other pollutants as well.
The results are summarized in the following table and the conclusions can be
drawn as follows:
• Arsenic levels higher than 200 µg/l can be safely reduced bellow 10 ppb!
• Other contaminants like iron, manganese, ammonia, methane, iodine and
phosphate can be also effectively and safely reduced bellow limits.
• Ferrate has a capability to kill microorganisms very effectively, even
chlorine resistent bacteria are killed as demonstrated in several papers.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
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Arsenic removal from drinking water
using ferrate technology
Water quality
Limits
Parameters
Sample I.
Sample II.
Sample III:
Ferrate
Ferrate
Ferrate
treated
treated
treated
Original (20 ppm) Original (3 ppm) Original (3 ppm)
Fe (μg/l)
200
199
35,9
628
56,8
154
55,6
Mn (μg/l)
50
35
11,3
126
5,6
52
<5
As (μg/l)
10
229
2,97
25,2
4,03
13,5
<1
B (mg/l)
1
1,33
1,13
0,57
0,51
< 0,01
< 0,01
KOI (mg/l)
5
5
1,5
3,5
1,4
1,6
1,1
NH4 (mg/l)
0,5
0,56
0,07
1,34
1,16
0,12
0,03
6,5-9,5
8,42
8,59
7,98
8,66
7,84
8,6
I- (µg/l)
1500
134
<10
1728
183
30
15
F- (mg/l)
1,5
0,017
<0,01
-
-
0,124
0,09
Br- (mg/l)
1
0,392
0,204
0,211
0,077
76
< 10
Cl- (mg/l)
250
18
42
15
18
8
16,2
NO2- (mg/l)
0,5
<0,01
0,03
<0,01
0,17
< 0,01
< 0,01
NO3- (mg/l)
50
<1
1,43
<1
<1
< 0,1
< 0,1
PO43- (mg/l)
-
4,9
<0,01
1,82
0,15
0,19
0,05
SO42- (mg/l)
250
<5
29
<5
6
16
29
CH4 (l/m3)
0,8
0,96
0
-
-
-
-
Hardness. (CaO mg/l)
50-350
38
45
99
82
-
-
Conductivity (μS/cm)
2500 (μS/cm)
880
1830
1250
1680
637
866
Ca (mg/l)
-
14,7
23
38,7
32,5
55,4
51
K (mg/l)
-
0,75
0,7
1,74
1,41
2,68
3
Mg (mg/l)
-
7,63
5,69
19,2
15,5
44,9
41
Na (µg/l)
pH
200
303
294
245
253
51,2
102
Mikrobiology
(22oC, cfu/ml))
100/ml
-
-
30630
0
-
-
E. Coli (/100 ml)
0/ml
-
-
9180
0
-
-
Ps. Aeruginosa (/100 ml)
0/ml
-
-
5545
0
-
-
www.chemvesol.hu
Green Water Treatment Technologies
kkkk.elte.hu
www.kortekft.hu
Arsenic removal from drinking water
using ferrate technology
Technology flow scheme
The process has two main parts (reactors and separation units) and it can be
safely operated in winter as well. It has an automatic control in order to
minimize the manual work requirements. Most important water parameters
can be followed on-line.
Our system is very flexible and with varying the operating parameters (dosing
rates and other parameters) making it capable to work with different water
qualities.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
kkkk.elte.hu
www.kortekft.hu
Industrial water reuse
using ferrate technology
Water plays an important role in almost all industrial areas.
Material, heat transport/exchange processes are applying water everywhere
and steam is used in technological processes as well as in energy
production.
Used water, called waste water is then treated according to authority
regulations and finally released back to the environment, most often to
surface waters.
With the increasing demand for clean water resources and the limit for its
availability is dramatically increasing the value of water, therefore the need
for developing new, innovative methods for water recycling is also more
and more important.
Our new technology based on ferrate is using industrial waste water
(biological treatment effluent) and serves as feed water for technological
processes or even boiler water make-up!
Ferrate is an ideal tool for a chemical pre-treatment process that gives
excellent water quality for further processes like desalination steps with
membrane technology.
Ferrate is the key compound that reduces COD, phosphate, ammonia levels
of waste water and killing all microorganisms – eliminating all problematic
compounds for membrane technology.
The Fe(III) containing sludge is containing phosphorous and nitrogen
compounds in optimal forms, that enable a slow release of these
substances in agricultural applications (as fertilizer).
We have optimized our process at our potential first customers on-site and
the technology is ready for launch. There is high demand for such recycling
methods everywhere, but especially in countries where fresh water
resources are limited.
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
kkkk.elte.hu
www.kortekft.hu
Industrial water reuse
using ferrate technology
Concept of the method
Optimizing and improving biological treatment
process
Chemical pretreatment, oxidizing (ferrate)
Disinfection, oxidizing (ferrate)
Filtration, desalanition (membrane technology)
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
kkkk.elte.hu
www.kortekft.hu
Industrial water reuse
using ferrate technology
Results of treatment process
SBR
effluent
Chemical
pretreatment
I.
Chemical
pretreatment
II.
RO
permeate
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
kkkk.elte.hu
www.kortekft.hu
Industrial water reuse
using ferrate technology
Results of treatment process
COD
PO4
Conductivity
pH
NH4
SBR
effluent
120 mg/l
15 mg/l
4000 µS/cm
8,2
10 mg/l
Treated
water
< 1 mg/l
< 0,1 mg/l
< 10 µS/cm
7,5
< 0,1 mg/l
Green Water Treatment Technologies
www.chemvesol.hu
kkkk.elte.hu
www.kortekft.hu