Transcript Weight and Balance - Kansas State University

Weight and Balance
Weight
• Aerodynamic Stability
• Control
• Overall Performance
Excessive Weight
Excessive Weight
• Higher takeoff speed
• Longer takeoff run
• Reduced rate and angle of climb
• Lower maximum altitude
Excessive Weight
• Shorter range and endurance
• Reduced cruise speed and
maneuverability
• Higher stall speed
• Higher landing speed and
longer landing roll
Maximum Limits
• Maximum ramp weight
• Maximum takeoff weight
• Maximum landing weight
• Maximum zero fuel weight
Center of Gravity Limits
• Center of Gravity
• Reference Datum
• Arm
• Moment
Center of Gravity Limits
• MAC
• LEMAC
• TEMAC
Forward CG Effects
• Higher takeoff speed and
ground roll
• Reduced rate and angle of climb
• Lower maximum altitude
• Reduced maneuverability
Forward CG Effects
• Higher stalling speed
• Reduction in performance
caused by increased tail-down
loading
• Reduced pitch authority
Beyond Aft CG Effects
• Decreased stability and
increased susceptibility to over
control
• Increased risk of stalls and spins
of which recovery may be
difficult or impossible
Lateral CG Effects
• Fuel imbalance
• Aileron positioning
• Decreased cruise speed, range,
and endurance
Weight&Balance Documents
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Weight and Balance Report
Equipment List
Empty Weight center of gravity
Licensed empty weight
After 1979 changed to Basic empty
weight
• Useful load
W & B Computations
• Moment indexes
• Center of Gravity found by dividing
the total moment by the total weight
• Computation Method
• Graph Method
• Table Method
Weight Shift Computations
Weight of Cargo Moved
Airplane weight
Distance CG moves
=
Distance Between
Arm locations