Transcript Intro to Community Policing 8 hour - FL RCPI

Introduction to Community
Oriented Policing
Presented by:
The Florida Regional Community
Policing Institute
at St. Petersburg College
With Funding from:
Department of Justice, COPS Office
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Getting Started
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Introduction and Pretest
Introduction of Instructor
RCPI Paperwork
Review of Course Goals
View “Building Bridges” video
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Course Goals
• Participants will:
– Understand the history & development of
community policing
– Understand the nature of police – community
partnerships
– Understand the basic elements of a genuine
community policing philosophy
– Demonstrate an understanding of the problem
solving process and documenting results
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Unit Two: Introduction to
Community Oriented Policing
• Historically law enforcement was
tasked to non military local groups
within a village
• Public Shaming without trial common
tool to maintain order
• “Professional Policing” first conceived
by Sir Robert Peel
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Development of Modern Policing
by Sir Robert Peel.
• 1829, Peel presented “An Act for Improving
the Police in and near the Metropolis” to
Parliament = First Metro Police Force in
London
• NINE (9) timeless Peel’s principles in
course book:
• #1 – Prevent Crime and Disorder
• #2 - Public approval of police existence
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Peel’s Principles Continued
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#3 – Secure willing cooperation (of
the public)
#4 – Cooperation diminishes with the
necessity for the use of force
#5 – Constant demonstration of
absolute impartiality in police service
#6 – Use only the minimum of force
necessary
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Peel’s Principles Continued
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#7 – Police are the public and the
public are the police
#8 – Never appear to usurp the
powers of the judiciary
#9 – Police efficiency = absence of
crime and disorder
http://cop.spcollege.edu
History of Modern Policing
in the U.S.
• First professional police force
developed out of the “Ward Concept”
in NYC – 1844
• Police find themselves tied to politics
and political leaders to the point of
being hired and supervised by
politicians
http://cop.spcollege.edu
20th Century Policing in U.S.
• 1920 – August Vollmer develops
mobile police force, M.O. files, and
wants cops to seek higher education
• 1930’s O.W. Wilson enhances height
and weight requirements for police
plus promotes quick response,
preventative patrol and follow up
investigations and higher education
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Problems with the “Professional
Model” of Policing
• Events of the 1960’s were turbulent
times for law enforcement
• 1968 President’s Commission on
Crime results in significant $$$$ being
placed in law enforcement programs
of all types and description in the
1970’s
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Unit Three: Defining Community
Policing:
Learning Objectives of this Unit:
• Understand Community Policing is a
philosophy – not a program or
strategy
• Accurately define and identify
Community Policing
• Explore how Community Policing
Principles are applied
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Three General Policing Strategies
• Traditional – typical 911 reactive response
to criminal activity
• Problem Oriented Policing – proactive
process using police analysis with little or
no input from community
• Community Oriented Policing – coactive
approach incorporating working relationship
between community and police
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Understanding the Community
Policing Philosophy
• Based upon partnerships between
police and the communities they
serve
• Empower communities to help make
things better
• Allows communities to become self
reliant
• Enhances the overall quality of life
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Principles of Community Oriented
Policing
• Community Policing values the traditional
tools of arrest and prosecution
• Community Policing shifts cop focus from
responding to individual incidents to
addressing root problems using problem
solving techniques
• Officers must be empowered by being
supported and given time, trust and
commitment by administration
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Differences between Traditional
and Community Policing
See comprehensive chart in
Course Manual on
PAGE 13
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Unit Four: Police / Community
Partnership and Problem Solving
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Learning Objectives of this Unit:
Acquaint Participants with nature and
importance of police community
partnerships
Identify essential elements of developing
partnerships
Introduce the SARA Problem Solving
model
Provide helpful ideas for conducting
community meetings
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Understanding Police /
Community Partnerships
• Spontaneous Mobilization – is a short
lived reaction to an incident(s) which
quickly dissipates
• Planned Mobilization – long ranged
process involving education,
motivation and organization which
yields long ranged solutions
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Community Policing KEY
Components are:
• PARTNERSHIPPING
• PROBLEM SOLVING
http://cop.spcollege.edu
The Problem Solving Process
• Community Perceptions are their reality and
perceptions must be engaged and dealt
with
• Dealing only with problem symptoms and
not with problem root never yields desired
result
• Too much symptom dealing wastes $$ and
community loses confidence in agency and
agency personnel
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Key Elements and Techniques of
Problem Solving
• Problem = a basic unit of police work
consisting of a group or pattern of
crimes, calls, cases or incidents
• A problem concerns community &
police; not just police
• Problems must be accurately defined
before a workable solution can be
achieved
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Key Elements and Techniques of
Problem Solving Continued
• Department’s level of response must
be acknowledged (No one has
unlimited $$$$$)
• Problem must be understood by those
persons affected
• Responses must be proactive
• Responses must be evaluated
• Circle of Concern – Circle of Influence
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Unit Five: SARA Problem Solving
Model
Learning Objectives of this Unit:
• Understand the four components of
the SARA problem solving process
• Acknowledge the essential importance
of community participation and input
• Allow participants to practically use
the SARA problem solving model
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Benefits of SARA Process
• Provides a formal procedure to be
used uniformly be adapting agency
• Increases likelihood of effective
solution being achieved
• Relies on the direct input, expertise
and creativity of line level officer
• Requires involvement of the
community
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Steps of the
SARA Problem Solving Method
• “S”can – Identify the Problem
• “A”nalyze - Understand the Problem
• “R”espond – Developing a problem
solution
• “A”ssess – Evaluate the effectiveness
of the plan and what remains to be
done
http://cop.spcollege.edu
SARA – Practice Problem
(Scenario)
Here’s a simple scenario which
illustrates the application of the SARA
problem solving method
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Other Effective Problem Solving
Principles
• Old patterns hinder new solutions
• Trial and Error may work as well as
logic
• Use observers to identify processes
and how and through whom problems
are solved
• Anticipate problems
• Remove as much emotion as you can
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Analysis and Assessment of
Problem Information
• Beyond the problem incidents
themselves, one must understand the
social and physical context of the
problem events
• The most ignored or under developed
step in the SARA process is the
accurate assessment of the process
to determine whether goals were
accomplished
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Unit Six: Identifying Resources
Learning Objectives of this Unit:
• To acquaint participants with the
process of identifying resources
• How to identify potential resources
• Speak to the many resources
currently being used by community
policing officers
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Resource Development
• Development of community resources
can mean around the clock attention
is being paid to community problems
• All neighborhood problems are
important
• “Minor” concerns can develop into
enormous problems over time
• Engage the community
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Identifying Police Information and
Activity Sources
• Consider both formal and informal
information gathering processes
• Some community leaders will never come
to a meeting – identify and go to them
• Do not overlook the unique types of
information available from specific sections
of your own agency
• Consider utilizing the media and community
surveys
http://cop.spcollege.edu
Consider these other courses
offered by the Florida RCPI
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Police - Community Partnerships
Problem Solving for CPO & Citizen
Survival Skills for CPO
Building Bridges: CPO’s & Citizens
Changing Roles: Supervising CPOs
Effective Media Skills for LEO
Reaching Goals through Codes Enf.
Crime Prevention - CPTED
http://cop.spcollege.edu